日本会议

日本会议是日本最大的极端民族主义[12][13][14]、極右派[15]的非政府组织和遊說團體[16][17][18][19]。它成立于1997年，拥有约40,000名成员[20]。该组织在日本政府的立法和行政機構具有影响力[18][21]。日本前首相安倍晋三曾担任日本会议的特别顾问[17]。该组织的目標是推動修改日本国宪法[22]，廢除日本國憲法第九條[23]，促进日本爱国主义教育，支持日本官员参拜靖国神社[24][25][26][27]。

日本会議
成立時間1997年5月30日​（1997-05-30）
創始人冢本幸一
創始地日本東京
併入日本保护协会、日本守护国民协会
類型极右翼组织
總部 日本東京
地址
會員
40,000
重要人物
安東巌
目標
網站www.nipponkaigi.org

成立歷程

1997年5月30日，統合守護日本的集會和守護日本的國民會議成立[28]。

1974年4月，圓覺寺管長朝比奈宗源呼籲神道·佛教界的新宗教成立守護日本集會，針對政治課題開展了各種保守的政治運動。

保衛日本的國民會議成立於1981年10月。根據曾擔任大法院院長的石田和外等人的號召，以經濟界人士、學者爲中心，以制定元號法爲目的，於1978年7月成立的元號法制化實現國民會議爲基礎，對其進行了改組。[29]

活動和主張

重建美麗的日本和建設一個值得驕傲的國家，並提議進行政策建議和國民運動。主要的活動和主張有以下幾種：

  • 皇室
    • 以男系穩定繼承皇位爲目的的皇室典範修訂。
    • 皇室到地方行幸啓時的奉迎活動。
  • 憲法
    • 制定代替現行憲法的新憲法。[30]
  • 教育
    • 糾正學校教科書中的「自虐」和「反國家」描述
    • 制定《家庭教育基本法》，以「父母學習」為基礎，對父母進行再教育，消除欺淩行為等。
    • 糾正「權利偏見教育特別過重」
    • 糾正「自虐歷史教育，以邪惡的方式破壞日本歷史」
    • 糾正「無性別教育猖獗」
    • 促進學校升國旗和唱國歌運動
    • 教育委員會制度改革
    • 制定《新教育基本法》，包括「公共思想」、「愛國主義」和「豐富的情感」教育
    • 制定《國旗國歌法》
  • 國防
    • 修訂《日本海上保安廳法》
    • 制定法律，確定自衛隊在和平時期在區域安全中的作用
    • 通過修改《自衛隊法》等方式制定「緊急情況立法」
  • 歷史認知
    • 上一場戰爭是解放東亞的戰爭[31]，日本政府的道歉外交被日本人民指責為蔑視日本的歷史和陣亡將士[30]。
    • 「隨軍慰安婦」不是強迫綁架，而是公娼制度，「南京大屠殺」也不存在[31]。
  • 靖國神社
    • 日本首相正式參拜神社。
    • 反對建造無宗教的「國家紀念設施」，以取代神社。
  • 促進婦女全國運動[32]
    • 反對夫妻別姓[33]
    • 反對《兩性平等條例》

参考文献
  1. . ABC新聞. 8 July 2020 [3 December 2015]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-20）. Nippon Kaigi, or Japan Conference, is an ultra-right-wing lobby group reshaping Japanese politics.
  2. . East Asia Forum. 14 September 2019 [2021-07-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）. Abe also rewarded right-wing politicians who are close to him — so-called ‘ideological friends’ who are being increasingly pushed to the forefront of his administration — such as LDP Executive Acting Secretary-General Koichi Hagiuda who was appointed Education Minister. As a member of the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference), which seeks to promote patriotic education, he can be considered ‘reliable’ as the government’s policy leader on national education.
  3. . 南華早報. 17 October 2019 [5 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-25）. Eto is serving in his first cabinet position and is a member of the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi organisation, whose aims are to revise the “national consciousness” surrounding the prosecution of Japan’s war criminals and to change the nation’s pacifist constitution implemented after the war. The group also promotes “愛國主義 education”.
  4. Michal Kolmas (编). . 劳特里奇. 2019 [2021-07-23]. ISBN 9781351334396. （原始内容存档于2023-01-13）. ... and foreign policy are rightwing revisionists organized in groups such as the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi ...
  5. Ugo Dessì (编). . 劳特里奇. 2013: 146 [2021-07-23]. ISBN 9780415811705. （原始内容存档于2023-01-13）.
  6. . The Japan Times (Kyodo). 7 January 2017 [5 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-26）. A Tokyo court has ordered a publisher to suspend publication of a best-selling nonfiction book detailing links between the conservative Japan Conference (Nippon Kaigi) lobby and a religious group, saying it contains defamatory information.
  7. Newsham, Grant. . Asia Times (Tokyo). 19 July 2016 [5 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-23）. TOKYO–The recent spate of western media articles on Nippon Kaigi – a conservative Japanese lobbying group (and somewhat akin to a “Political Action Committee” in America) associated with Prime Minister Abe — suggests Japan is heading for a police state, and soon afterwards will be looking overseas for somewhere to invade.
  8. White, Stanley; Kajimoto, Tetsushi. . Reuters (Tokyo). 12 March 2018 [5 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-23）. Also removed was a reference to ties by Abe and Aso to a conservative lobby group, Nippon Kaigi.
  9. Yamaguchi, Tomomi. . Social Science Japan Journal. 2018, 21 (2): 193–212 [7 September 2021]. doi:10.1093/ssjj/jyy014. （原始内容存档于2021-11-15）.
  10. Larsson, Ernils. . East Asia Forum. 3 December 2014 [7 September 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-15）.
  11. Yul Sohn, T. J. Pempel (编). . 施普林格科学+商业媒体. 2018: 148 [2021-07-23]. ISBN 9789811302565. （原始内容存档于2021-12-03）. the reactionary group Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference)—has been waging war over its shared past with China and South Korea on battlegrounds ranging from Yasukuni Shrine to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
  12. . ABC新聞. 8 July 2020 [9 November 2019]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-20）. Abe's key ultra-conservative supporter, Nippon Kaigi, or Japan Conference, was among the organizers Saturday.
  13. . 衛報. 8 July 2020 [15 March 2017]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-27）. Abe and Kagoike, who has indicated he will resign as principal, both belong to an ultra-conservative lobby group whose members include more than a dozen cabinet ministers.
  14. . 德国之声. 8 July 2020 [2 August 2016]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-20）. In 2008, she made an unsuccessful run at the LDP's chairmanship. Following her defeat, she worked to build an internal party network and became involved in a revisionist group of lawmakers that serves as the mouthpiece of the ultraconservative Nippon Kaigi ("Japan Conference") movement.
  15. "The Dangerous Impact of the Far-Right in Japan" （页面存档备份，存于）. Washington Square News. 15 April 2019. Another sign of the rise of the uyoku dantai’s ideas is the growing power of the Nippon Kaigi. The organization is the largest far-right group in Japan and has heavy lobbying clout with the conservative LDP; 18 of the 20 members of Shinzo Abe’s cabinet were once members of the group.
  16. Nippon Kaigi: Empire, Contradiction, and Japan’s Future 的存檔，存档日期12 September 2018..
  17. Right side up （页面存档备份，存于）, 6 June 2015, The Economist.
  18. Norihiro Kato. . New York Times. 12 September 2014. （原始内容存档于7 July 2019）.
  19. 国民運動の歩み « 日本会議 （页面存档备份，存于）（日語）
  20. Yoshio Sugimoto (编). . 劍橋大學出版社. 2020: 242 [2021-07-23]. ISBN 9781108724746. （原始内容存档于2021-04-11）. Nippon Kaigi Parts of the Japanese establishment have ties with a large far-right voluntary organization, Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference), whose ranks include grassroots members across the nation as well as national and local politicians ...
  21. Matthew Penney, Abe Cabinet – An Ideological Breakdown （页面存档备份，存于）, The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus. 28 January 2013
  22. "The Quest for Japan's New Constitution: An Analysis of Visions and Constitutional Reform Proposals 1980–2009" p.75 (Christian G. Winkler, Routledge Contemporary Japan Series, 2011)
  23. "Politics and pitfalls of Japan Ethnography" – page 66 – Routledge (18 June 2009) – Edited by Jennifer Robertson
  24. Mullins, Mark R. (2012).
  25. about Nippon Kaigi （页面存档备份，存于） (Japanese)
  26. Rightist ministers make up 80% of Abe Cabinet （页面存档备份，存于）, Japan Press Weekly – 5 January 2012
  27. Daiki Shibuichi (2008).
  28. 塚田, 穂高. . 平凡社. 2016.
  29. . theplatnews.com. [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2016-02-25）.
  30. . www.nipponkaigi.org. [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-08-02）.
  31. . ABC News. 2015-12-02 [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2015-12-03） （澳大利亚英语）.
  32. . www.nipponkaigi.org. [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-08-02）.
  33. . www.nipponkaigi.org. [2022-07-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-19）.

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