楯海膽
楯海膽(學名:),又名盾海膽,是楯海膽科下的一屬海膽,牠們主要棲息於熱帶地區淺海的沙中。
楯海膽屬 化石时期: | |
---|---|
Clypeaster portentosus化石 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 棘皮动物门 Echinodermata |
纲: | 海膽綱 Echinoidea |
目: | 楯海膽目 Clypeasteroida |
科: | 楯海膽科 Clypeasteridae |
属: | 楯海膽屬 Clypeaster Lamarck, 1801 |
種 | |
見內文 |
特徵
楯海膽呈兩側對稱,大而厚的體殼為圓圓的五邊形,整體看則為低矮的錐體。步帶在上部表面延伸形成突出的花瓣狀,長有許多長孔。小而圓的口位於緊密基座的中心,被顎所包圍。肛門也位於後部的下表面。體殼的表面有許多小刺瘤,刺瘤上長著短小的棘刺。[1][2]
棲息地
楯海膽是典型的沙居者,生活在淺水區,亦有生活在大約300公尺(174 fms)深度的物種( 來自南非的 Clypeaster eurychorius ),部分或全部的身體埋於沙之中,從沉積物中覓取食物。[2]
物種[3]
已滅絕種以劍號(†)標記
- Clypeaster aloysioi (Brito, 1959)
- Clypeaster amplificatus Koehler, 1922
- Clypeaster annandalei Koehler, 1922
- Clypeaster australasiae (Gray, 1851)
- Clypeaster chesheri Serafy, 1970
- Clypeaster cyclopilus H.L. Clark, 1941
- Clypeaster durandi (Cherbonnier, 1959b)
- Clypeaster elongatus H.L. Clark, 1948
- Clypeaster euclastus H.L. Clark, 1941
- Clypeaster europacificus H.L. Clark, 1914
- Clypeaster eurychorius H.L. Clark, 1924
- Clypeaster euryptealus H.L. Clark, 1925
- Clypeaster fervens Koehler, 1922
- Clypeaster humilis (Leske, 1778)
- Clypeaster isolatus Serafy, 1971
- 日本楯海膽 Clypeaster japonicus Döderlein, 1885
- Clypeaster kieri Pawson & Phelan, 1979
- Clypeaster lamprus H.L. Clark, 1914
- Clypeaster latissimus (Lamarck, 1816)
- Clypeaster leptostracon A. Agassiz & H.L. Clark, 1907
- Clypeaster luetkeni Mortensen, 1948
- Clypeaster lytopetalus A. Agassiz & H.L. Clark, 1907
- Clypeaster microstomus Lambert, 1912 †
- Clypeaster miniaceus H.L. Clark, 1925
- Clypeaster minihagali Deraniyagala, 1956 †
- Clypeaster nummus Mortensen, 1948
- Clypeaster ochrus H.L. Clark, 1914
- Clypeaster ohshimensis Ikeda, 1935
- Clypeaster oliveirai Krau, 1952
- Clypeaster pallidus H.L. Clark, 1914
- Clypeaster pateriformis Mortensen, 1948
- Clypeaster prostratus (Ravenel, 1845)
- Clypeaster rangianus Desmoulins, 1835
- Clypeaster rarispinus de Meijere, 1903
- Clypeaster ravenelii (A. Agassiz, 1869)
- 網楯海膽 Clypeaster reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Clypeaster rosaceus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Clypeaster rotundus (A. Agassiz, 1863)
- Clypeaster speciosus Verrill, 1870
- Clypeaster subdepressus (Gray, 1825)
- Clypeaster telurus H.L. Clark, 1914
- Clypeaster tumidus (Tension-Woods, 1878)
- 綠盾海膽Clypeaster virescens Döderlein, 1885
參考文獻
外部連結
- Clypeaster Lamarck, 1801
- Animal Diversity (页面存档备份,存于)
- National History Museum (页面存档备份,存于)
- Sepkoski, Jack Sepkoski's Online Genus Database (页面存档备份,存于)
- Clypeaster (页面存档备份,存于) in the Paleobiology Database
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