獼猴

獼猴),猴科的一屬,是亞洲和北非地區最常見的一類猴,也稱為猢猻[1]。除人类以外,猕猴是在全球分布最广泛的灵长类动物。现在已知的猕猴共有23种,分布在亚洲、北非和南欧。是雜食性動物。

獼猴
印尼巴厘島食蟹獼猴Macaca fascicularis
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 哺乳纲 Mammalia
目: 灵长目 Primates
科: 猴科 Cercopithecidae
亚科: 猕猴亚科 Cercopithecinae
族: 狒狒族 Papionini
属: 猕猴属 Macaca
Lacepede, 1799
模式種
地中海猕猴
Macaca sylvanus
(Linnaeus, 1758)

見内文

異名
  • Aulaxinus Cocchi, 1872
  • Aulaxinus Lydekker, 1889
  • Aulaxinuus Cocchi, 1872
  • Cynamolgus Reichenbach, 1863
  • Cynomacaca Khajuria, 1953
  • Cynomolgus Reichenbach, 1862
  • Cynomolgus Trouessart, 1904
  • Cynopithecus É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1835
  • Cynopythecus Lesson, 1840
  • Gymnopyga Gray, 1866
  • Innus Geoffroy & Cuvier, 1819
  • Innuus Berthold, 1827
  • Inuus É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812
  • Lyssodes Gistel, 1848
  • Macaco Oken, 1817
  • Macacus Desmarest, 1820
  • Magotus Ritgen, 1824
  • Magus Lesson, 1827
  • Maimon Wagner, 1839
  • Nemestrinus Reichenbach, 1862
  • Ouanderou Lesson, 1840
  • Pithecus Geoffroy, 1812
  • Pithes Burnett, 1828
  • Rhesus Lesson, 1840
  • Salmacis Gloger, 1841
  • Silenus Goldfuss, 1820
  • Sylvanus Oken, 1816
  • Vetulus Reichenbach, 1862
  • Zati Reichenbach, 1862

獼猴也常被用於進行各種醫學試驗;西藏一些地區的神話傳說中,則有獼猴逐漸變成人類、人類起源自獼猴的說法[2][3]

下属物种

本属包括以下物种:

  • Macaca anderssoni Schlosser, 1924
  • 紅面短尾猴 Macaca arctoides (I.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1831)
  • 熊猴 Macaca assamensis (McClelland, 1840)
  • 臺灣獼猴 Macaca cyclopis (Swinhoe, 1863)
  • Macacus eocaenus Owen, 1846
  • 食蟹獼猴 Macaca fascicularis (Raffles, 1821)
  • 日本獼猴 Macaca fuscata (Blyth, 1875)
  • 黑克獼猴 Macaca hecki (Matschie, 1901)
  • Macaca jiangchuanensis Pan et al., 1992
  • 北方豚尾獼猴 Macaca leonina (Blyth, 1863)
  • 白颊猕猴 Macaca leucogenys Li, Zhao & Fan, 2015
  • Macaca libyca Stromer, 1920
  • 灰肢獼猴 Macaca maura (Schinz, 1825)
  • 普通獼猴 Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, 1780)
  • 藏南猕猴 Macaca munzala Sinha, Datta, Madhusudan & Mishra, 2005
  • 南方豚尾獼猴 Macaca nemestrina (Linnaeus, 1766)
  • 黑冠獼猴 Macaca nigra (Desmarest, 1822)
  • 淺黑獼猴 Macaca nigrescens (Temminck, 1849)
  • 穿靴獼猴 Macaca ochreata (Ogilby, 1841)
  • 明打威獼猴 Macaca pagensis (Miller, 1903)
  • Macaca prisca Gervais, 1859
  • Macacus priscus Gervais, 1859
  • 冠毛獼猴 Macaca radiata (É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812)
  • Macacus robustus Young
  • Macaca selai Ghosh, Thakur, Singh, Dutta, Sharma, Chandra & Banerjee, 2022[4]
  • 西比路獼猴 Macaca siberu Fuentes & Olson, 1995,灰肢獼猴
  • 獅尾獼猴 Macaca silenus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • 斯里兰卡猕猴 Macaca sinica (Linnaeus, 1771)
  • Macacus sivalensus Lydekker, 1878
  • 地中海獼猴 Macaca sylvanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • 藏酋猴 Macaca thibetana (A.Milne-Edwards, 1870)
  • 通金獼猴 Macaca tonkeana (Meyer, 1899)
归入本属的物种:
  • Aulaxinuus florentinus Cocchi, 1872

參考資料

  1. . [2019-01-26]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-30) (中文(简体)).
  2. . 中华网. 2017-09-15 [2020-10-21]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-27).
  3. . www.pmume.com. [2020-10-21]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-12).
  4. Avijit Ghosh, Mukesh Thakur, Sujeet K. Singh, Ritam Dutta,Lalit K. Sharma, Kailash Chandra and Dhriti Banerjee. 2022. The Sela Macaque (Macaca selai) is A Distinct Phylogenetic Species that evolved from the Arunachal Macaque following Allopatric Speciation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, 107513. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107513
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