眼瞼痙攣

眼瞼痙攣(blepharospasm)或睑痉挛,是一种不明原因、不自主的面神经支配区肌肉的痉挛和抽搐,导致眼睑持续性闭合的局灶性肌张力障碍[1][2]。患侧眼轮匝肌皱眉肌频繁且不自主痉挛性收缩,引起阵发性或持续性瞬目动作[3]。這現象可以同時發生於雙眼,亦有左右眼分別痙攣的現象。

Blepharospasm
Left orbicularis oculi, seen from behind.
类型局部肌肉緊張不足[*]cranio-facial dystonia[*]疾病
分类和外部资源
醫學專科神經學
ICD-10G24.5
ICD-9-CM333.81
OMIM
DiseasesDB15748
MedlinePlus
eMedicineoph/202
MeSHD001764

眼瞼痙攣应该与更常见且更轻微,不自主的眼睑震颤作区分,后者称为眼瞼肌颤[4](myokymia,肌纤维颤搐)或束颤[5](fasciculation,肌束震颤)。

汉语的“眼皮跳”和粤语的“眼眉跳”應該是眼瞼肌颤(eyelid myokymia)[6][7][8],而非眼睑痉挛。

参考

  1. Hallett M. Blepharospasm: recent advances. Neurology. 2002 Nov 12;59(9):1306-12. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000027361.73814.0e. PMID: 12434791.
  2. Yen MT. Blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2018 Winter;58(1):1. doi: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000210. PMID: 29239872.
  3. https://www.termonline.cn/search?searchText=blepharospasm
  4. 袁世荧,姚尚龙.不同麻醉诱导药对血钾浓度变化及肌颤和肌痛的影响[J].中华麻醉学杂志, 2000, 20(1):3.DOI:10.3760/j.issn:0254-1416.2000.01.004.
  5. 廉羚,王竹,姚晓黎.肌肉超声和肌电图对肌萎缩侧索硬化束颤及纤颤的诊断价值[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志, 2018, 44(8):4.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-0152.2018.08.016.
  6. Miller NR. Eyelid myokymia. Surv Ophthalmol. 2011 May-Jun;56(3):277-8; author reply 278. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.02.005. PMID: 21501741.
  7. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1213160-overview
  8. https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/myokymia?sso=y
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