脂联素

脂连蛋白英語:,亦称为脂联素)是一种主要由脂肪细胞分泌的蛋白质激素,由ADIPOQ基因所编码[5],含244个氨基酸。成人体内的脂联素水平与脂肪储量负相关。

脂联素
已知的結構
PDB直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB
識別號
别名ADIPOQ;, ACDC, ACRP30, ADIPQTL1, ADPN, APM-1, APM1, GBP28, adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing, Adiponectin
外部IDOMIM605441 MGI106675 HomoloGene3525 GeneCardsADIPOQ
基因位置(人类
3號染色體
染色体3號染色體[1]
3號染色體
脂联素的基因位置
脂联素的基因位置
基因座3q27.3起始186,842,704 bp[1]
终止186,858,463 bp[1]
RNA表达模式
查阅更多表达数据
直系同源
物種人類小鼠
Entrez

9370

11450

Ensembl

ENSG00000181092

ENSMUSG00000022878

UniProt

Q15848

Q60994

mRNA序列

NM_001177800
​NM_004797

NM_009605

蛋白序列

NP_001171271
​NP_004788

NP_033735

基因位置(UCSC)Chr 3: 186.84 – 186.86 MbChr 16: 22.97 – 22.98 Mb
PubMed查找[3][4]
維基數據

结构

脂联素包含244个氨基酸,可分为4个结构域。从其N端起算,第一个是使其定位于细胞外的信号序列,第二个区域较短且在物种间高度变异,第三个65个氨基酸的区域与膠原蛋白相似,最后一个是脂联素的球状结构域。总的上看,这一蛋白与补体片段C1q相似。其中球状结构域的三维结构已经测定,结构上与TNFα非常相似,但在氨基酸序列上却差异巨大[6]

受体

脂联素可与几种受体结合,两种受体与G蛋白偶联受体同源性,一种属于钙粘蛋白家族[7][8]

  • 脂联素受体1 – ADIPOR1
  • 脂联素受体2 – ADIPOR2
  • T-cadherin - CDH13

These have distinct tissue specificities within the body and have different affinities to the various forms of adiponectin. The receptors affect the downstream target AMP kinase, an important cellular metabolic rate control point. Expression of the receptors is correlated with insulin levels, as well as reduced in mouse models of diabetes, particularly in 骨骼肌 and adipose tissue.[9][10]

参考文献

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000181092 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022878 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Maeda K, Okubo K, Shimomura I, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Matsubara K. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. April 1996, 221 (2): 286–9. PMID 8619847. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.0587.
  6. Shapiro L, Scherer PE. . Curr. Biol. March 1998, 8 (6): 335–8. PMID 9512423. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70133-2.
  7. Yamauchi, T; Kamon, J; Ito, Y; Tsuchida, A; Yokomizo, T; Kita, S; et al. . Nature. 2003, 423 (6941): 762–9. PMID 12802337. doi:10.1038/nature01705. 已忽略未知参数|author-name-separator= (帮助); 已忽略未知参数|author-separator= (帮助)
  8. Hug, C; Wang, J; Ahmad, NS; Bogan, JS; Tsao, TS; Lodish, HF. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2004, 101 (28): 10308–13. PMC 478568可免费查阅. PMID 15210937. doi:10.1073/pnas.0403382101. 已忽略未知参数|author-name-separator= (帮助); 已忽略未知参数|author-separator= (帮助)
  9. Fang, X; Sweeney, G. . Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2006, 34 (Pt 5): 798–801. PMID 17052201. doi:10.1042/BST0340798. 已忽略未知参数|author-separator= (帮助); 已忽略未知参数|author-name-separator= (帮助)
  10. Bonnard, C; Durand, A; Vidal, H; Rieusset, J. . Diabetes Metab. 2008, 34 (1): 52–61. PMID 18222103. doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2007.09.006. 已忽略未知参数|author-name-separator= (帮助); 已忽略未知参数|author-separator= (帮助)
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