角毛藻属

角毛藻属（Chaetoceros）也称角刺藻属，有大约400个物种，可能是海洋浮游硅藻中最大的一个属，广泛分布于全球近岸水域[1]。角毛藻属里不同的物种较难辨认。[2]许多人都在将这一庞大的属分类为亚属，但这一工作仍在继续。[3][4]现已发现的物种主要分布在北半球，由于角毛藻属遍布各地，故应该还有分布在热带的物种尚未被发现。[5]

角毛藻属
Chaetoceros furcellatus
科学分类 编辑
界： 色藻界 Chromista
门： 淡色藻门 Ochrophyta
纲： 硅藻纲 Bacillariophyceae
目： 角毛藻目 Chaetocerotales
科： 角毛藻科 Chaetocerotaceae
属： 角毛藻属 Chaetoceros
Ehrenberg, 1844
种

见正文

角毛藻属的细胞呈短圆柱形，壳面大多是椭圆形的，断面椭圆形或圆形。从细胞四隅生出的角毛比细胞要长，相互之间有交叉，从而构成链状的群体。角毛藻具有细胞间隙。

一些现已发现的物种

本属有140余种，中国记录约50余种。其中，洛氏角毛藻和窄隙角毛藻分布最广；假弯角毛藻为热带、亚热带种，并与暖流的强弱有关；双突角毛藻为近岸偏暖广盐种；爱氏角毛藻为近岸广温广盐性种，密联角毛藻为外海性种，产于热带和亚热带海区。

  • 异常角毛藻 Chaetoceros abnormis A.I. Proshkina-Lavrenko
  • Chaetoceros acadianus Samanta & Porcher, 2019[6]
  • Chaetoceros aculeatus I.V. Makarova
  • Chaetoceros adelianus E.E. Manguin
  • Chaetoceros aduncus I.N. Sukhanova
  • 均等角毛藻 Chaetoceros aequatoriale Cleve
    • Chaetoceros aequatorialis var. antarcticus Manguin
  • Chaetoceros aequatorialis Cleve
  • 窄隙角毛藻 Chaetoceros affinis Lauder
    • 窄隙角毛藻绕链变种 Chaetoceros affinis var. circinalis（Meunier）Hust.
    • Chaetoceros affinis f. pseudosymmetricus (E. Steemann Nielsen) M. Torrington-Smith
    • Chaetoceros affinis f. parallelus M. Thorrington-Smith
    • Chaetoceros affinis f. inaequalis M. Thorrington-Smith
    • 窄隙角刺藻等角毛变种 Chaetoceros affinis var. willei（Gran）Hust.
  • Chaetoceros amanita A. Cleve-Euler
  • 桥联角毛藻 Chaetoceros anastomosans Grunow, 1881
  • Chaetoceros angularis Schütt
  • Chaetoceros angulatus F. Schütt
    • Chaetoceros anostomosans var. speciosus F. Schütt
  • Chaetoceros armatus T. West
  • Chaetoceros astrabadicus A. Henckel
    • Chaetoceros atlanticus var. compactus (F. Schütt) P.T. Cleve
    • Chaetoceros atlanticus var. neapolitanus (Schroeder) Hustedt
    • Chaetoceros atlanticus var. tumescens A. Grunow
  • 大西洋角毛藻 Chaetoceros atlanticus Cleve
    • Chaetoceros atlanticus f. audax (F. Schütt) H.H. Gran
    • Chaetoceros atlanticus var. cruciatus (G. Karsten) M. Thorrington-Smith
    • Chaetoceros atlanticus var. Neapolitana (Schroeder) Hust. 大西洋角毛藻那不勒斯变种
    • 大西洋角毛藻骨条变种 Chaetoceros atlanticus var. skeleton (Schuett) Hustedt
  • Chaetoceros audax F. Schütt
  • 奥氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros aurivillii Cleve, 1901，金色角毛藻 (C. Seychellarum Karsten)
  • Chaetoceros bacteriastrius G.C. Wallich
    • Chaetoceros bacteriastroides f. imbricatus (L.A. Mangin) M. Thorrington-Smith
  • 瘤面角毛藻 Chaetoceros bacteriastroides G.H.H. Karsten, 1907，多瘤面角毛藻
  • Chaetoceros bermejense D. U. Hernández-Becerril
  • Chaetoceros bisetaceus J. Schumann
  • 北方角毛藻 Chaetoceros borealis J.W. Bailey, 1854
  • Chaetoceros borealoides H.L. Honigmann
  • 包氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros borgei Lemmermann,1904
  • Chaetoceros breve F. Schütt
  • 短孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros brevis Schütt, 1895，短孢角毛藻
  • Chaetoceros brevispinosus X.J.Xu, Yang Li & Lundholm, 2019[7]
  • Chaetoceros brussilowi A. Henckel
  • 牛角状角毛藻 Chaetoceros buceros G.H.H. Karsten, 1907
  • Chaetoceros buceros Karsten
  • Chaetoceros bulbosus (Ehrenberg) Heiden
    • Chaetoceros bulbosus f. cruciatus (G. Karsten) H. Heiden
    • Chaetoceros bulbosus f. schimperana (G. Karsten) H. Heiden
  • Chaetoceros bungei Honigmann
    • Chaetoceros calcitrans f. pumilus Takano
  • Chaetoceros californicus A. Grunow
  • Chaetoceros capense G.H.H. Karsten
  • Chaetoceros caspicus C.E.H. Ostenfeld
    • Chaetoceros caspicus var. karianus A. Henckel
    • Chaetoceros caspicus f. pinguichaetus A. Henckel & P. Henckel
  • 卡氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros castracanei G.H.H. Karsten, 1905
    • Chaetoceros ceratospermus var. minor A.F. Meunier
  • 角孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros ceratosporus Ostf.
    • Chaetoceros ceratosporus var. brachysetus Rines & Hargraves
  • Chaetoceros ceratosporus Ostenfeld
  • Chaetoceros chunii G.H.H. Karsten
  • 绕孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros cinctus Gran, 1897
  • Chaetoceros clavigera C.E.H. Ostenfeld
  • Chaetoceros clavigerus A. Grunow
  • Chaetoceros clevei F. Schütt
  • 密聚角毛藻 Chaetoceros coarctatus Lauder, 1864，紧挤角毛藻
  • Chaetoceros cochleus F. Schütt
  • Chaetoceros compactus F. Schütt
  • 扁面角毛藻 Chaetoceros compressus , 1864
    • Chaetoceros compressus var. gracilis F. Hustedt
    • Chaetoceros compressus var. hirtisetus J.E.B. Rines & P.E. Hargraves
  • 紧挤角毛藻 Chaetoceros coarctatus
  • Chaetoceros concavicorne Mangin
  • Chaetoceros confervoides J. Ralfs
  • Chaetoceros confusus S.L. VanLandingham
  • 缢缩角毛藻 Chaetoceros constrictus Gran, 1894，深环沟角毛藻
  • 扭角毛藻 Chaetoceros convolutus Castracane, 1886
    • Chaetoceros convolutus f. trisetosus Brunel
    • Chaetoceros convolutus f. volans L.I. Smirnova
  • Chaetoceros cornutus G. Leuduger-Fortmorel
  • 冠孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros coronatus Gran, 1897
  • 中肋角毛藻 Chaetoceros costatus Pavillard, 1911，双脊角毛藻
  • Chaetoceros crenatus (C.G. Ehrenberg) T. Brightwell
  • 须状角毛藻 Chaetoceros crinitus Schütt, 1895，发状角毛藻
  • Chaetoceros criophilus Castracane
  • Chaetoceros cruciatus G.H.H. Karsten
  • Chaetoceros curvatus Castracane
  • 旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros curvisetus Cleve, 1889
  • 达氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros dadayi Pavillard, 1913，达蒂角毛藻
  • 丹麦角毛藻 Chaetoceros danicus Cleve, 1889
  • 柔弱角毛藻 Chaetoceros debilis Cleve, 1894
  • 并基角毛藻 Chaetoceros decipiens Cleve
    • 并基角毛藻单胞变型 Chaetoceros decipiens f. singularis H.H. Gran
  • Chaetoceros delicatulus C.E.H. Ostenfeld
  • 密连角毛藻 Chaetoceros densus Cleve, 1901
  • 齿角毛藻 Chaetoceros denticulata
    • 齿角毛藻狭面变型 Chaetoceros denticulata f. angusta Hust.
    • 齿角毛藻狭面变种 Chaetoceros denticulatus var. angusta Hustedt
  • 皇冠角毛藻 Chaetoceros diadema (Ehrenberg) Gran， 1897， 冕孢角毛藻
  • 双叉角毛藻 Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg
    • Chaetoceros dichaeta f. unicellularis H. Heiden
  • Chaetoceros dichaetus Ehrenberg
    • Chaetoceros dichaetus var. polygonus (F. Schütt) H. Heiden
  • 双突角毛藻 Chaetoceros didymus
    • Chaetoceros didymus var. praelongus E.J. Lemmermann
    • Chaetoceros didymus f. aestivus H.H. Gran
    • Chaetoceros didymus f. autumnalis H.H. Gran
  • Chaetoceros didymus C.G. Ehrenberg
    • 双突角毛藻隆起变型 Chaetoceros didymus f. protubernas (Lauder) Gran et Yendo
    • Chaetoceros didymus var. Protuberans （Lamxer） Gran et Yendo
    • 双突角毛藻英国变种 Chaetoceros didymus var. anglica（Grun.）Gran
  • Chaetoceros difficilis Cleve
  • 二核样体角毛藻 Chaetoceros dipyrenops Meunier, 1913，双蛋白核角毛藻
  • 远距角毛藻 Chaetoceros distans Cleve, 1894
  • Chaetoceros distichus F. Schütt
  • Chaetoceros distinguendus E.J. Lemmermann
  • Chaetoceros diversicurvatus Van Goor
  • 异角角毛藻 Chaetoceros diversus Cleve, 1873
    • Chaetoceros diversus var. mediterraneus J.L.B. Schröder
  • 爱氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros eibenii (Grunow) Meunier，艾氏角毛藻
  • 优美角毛藻 Chaetoceros elegans Yang Li, Boonprakob, Moestrup & Lundholm
  • Chaetoceros elmorei Boyer
  • Chaetoceros elongatus Honigmann
  • Chaetoceros exospermus Meunier
  • Chaetoceros externus Gran
  • 拟角毛藻 Chaetoceros fallax Prosckina-Lavrenko
  • Chaetoceros femur F. Schütt
  • Chaetoceros filiferus G.H.H. Karsten
  • 细角毛藻 Chaetoceros filiforme Meunier
  • Chaetoceros flexuosus Mangin
  • Chaetoceros fragilis Meunier
    • Chaetoceros furca var. macroceras J.L.B. Schröder
  • Chaetoceros furcellatus J.W. Bailey
  • Chaetoceros fusus F. Schütt
  • Chaetoceros galvestonense Collier & Murphy
  • Chaetoceros gastridius (C.G. Ehrenberg) T. Brightwell
  • Chaetoceros gaussii Heiden & Kolbe
  • Chaetoceros glacialis A. Henckel
  • Chaetoceros glandazii Mangin
  • Chaetoceros gobii A. Henckel
  • 纤细角毛藻 Chaetoceros gracilis Pantocsek
  • Chaetoceros grunowii F. Schütt
  • Chaetoceros hendeyi Manguin
  • 异瓣角毛藻 Chaetoceros heterovalvatus Pr.-Lavr.
  • 飞燕角毛藻 Chaetoceros hirundinellus Qian, 1979
  • Chaetoceros hispidus var. monicae A. Grunow
  • Chaetoceros hohnii Graebn. & Wujek
  • 无沟角毛藻 Chaetoceros holsaticus Schütt, 1895
  • Chaetoceros ikari B.V. Skvortzov
  • 棘角毛藻 Chaetoceros imbricatus Mangin, 1912
    • Chaetoceros incurvus var. umbonatus Castracane
  • Chaetoceros incurvus Bailey
  • 印度角毛藻 Chaetoceros indicus Karsten, 1907
  • Chaetoceros ingolfianus Ostenfeld
  • 特异角毛藻 Chaetoceros insignis Pr.-Lavr.
  • Chaetoceros intermedius A. Henckel
  • Chaetoceros karianus Grunow
  • Chaetoceros karyanus A. Henckel
  • 里海角毛藻 Chaetoceros knipowitschii A. Henckel, 1909，克尼角毛藻
  • 垂缘角毛藻 Chaetoceros laciniosus Schüt, 1895
    • Chaetoceros laciniosus f. protuberans M. Thorrington-Smith
    • Chaetoceros laciniosus f. pelagicus H.H. Gran
  • 平滑角毛藻 Chaetoceros laevis Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1892
  • 平孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros laevisporus Yang Li,Boonprakob, Moestrup & Lundholm
  • Chaetoceros Lamxeri Ralfs
  • 罗氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lauderi Ralfs, 1864
  • Chaetoceros leve F. Schütt
  • Chaetoceros littorale litorale E.J. Lemmermann
    • Chaetoceros lorenzianus var. forceps A.F. Meunier
  • 洛氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lorenzianus Grunow
    • 洛氏角毛藻低盐变种 Chaetoceros lorenzianus f. subsalinus Proschkina-Lavrenko
  • Chaetoceros malygini A. Henckel
  • 曼纳角毛藻 Chaetoceros mannaii Boonprakob, Yang Li, Moestrup & Lundholm
  • Chaetoceros medius F. Schütt C
  • Chaetoceros meridiana (F. Schütt) G. Karsten
  • Chaetoceros mertensii H.L. Honigmann
  • 短刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros messanense Castracane, 1875，短叉角毛藻
  • Chaetoceros minimus (Levander) D. Marino, G. Giuffre, M. Montresor & A. Zingone
  • 小角毛藻 Chaetoceros minutissimus Makarova et Pro. –Lavr,1964
  • Chaetoceros misumensis H.H. Gran & K. Yendo
  • 密特拉角毛藻 Chaetoceros mitra (J.W. Bailey) Cleve，高孢角毛藻
  • 牟氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros muelleri E.J. Lemmermann, 1898，牟勒氏角毛藻
    • Chaetoceros muelleri var. duplex E.J. Lemmermann
    • Chaetoceros muelleri var. subsalsum J.R. Johansen & S. Rushforth
    • Chaetoceros muellerii var. subsalsus J.R. Johansen & Rushforth
  • Chaetoceros nansenii A. Henckel
  • Chaetoceros natatus E.E. Manguin
  • Chaetoceros neglectus Karsten
  • Chaetoceros neobulbosus T.V. Desikachary, S. Gowthaman & Y. Latha
  • 新紧密角毛藻 Chaetoceros neocompactus S.L. Van Landingham, 1968
  • Chaetoceros neogracile S.L. VanLandingham
  • Chaetoceros neupokojewii A. Henckel
  • 日本角毛藻 Chaetoceros nipponicus J. Ikari, 1928
  • Chaetoceros odontella (C.G. Ehrenberg) G.L. Rabenhorst
    • Chaetoceros okamurae var. tetrasetus J. Ikari
  • Chaetoceros okamurae J. Ikari
  • Chaetoceros ornatus (Chamnansinp, Moestrup & Lundholm) X.J.Xu, Yang Li & Lundholm[7]，同模异名为Chaetoceros contortus var. ornatus Chamnansinp, Moestrup & Lundholm
  • Chaetoceros ostenfeldii P.T. Cleve
  • Chaetoceros pachtussowii A. Henckel
  • Chaetoceros pachyceros R. Margalef
  • Chaetoceros pacificus J. Ikari
  • 奇异角毛藻 Chaetoceros paradoxus Cleve, 1873，窄面角毛藻
    • Chaetoceros paradoxus var. luedersii Engler
  • Chaetoceros parvus F. Schütt
  • 稀树角毛藻 Chaetoceros pauciramosus Z. Y.Chen, N. Lundholm, Ø. Moestrup, J. Kownacka and Yang Li
  • 沟生角毛藻 Chaetoceros paulsenii Ostf.
    • Chaetoceros paulsenii f. robustus A. Henckel
  • Chaetoceros pavillardii J. Ikari
  • 海洋角毛藻 Chaetoceros pelagicus Cleve, 1873
  • 悬垂角毛藻 Chaetoceros pendulus Karsten, 1805
  • 微小角毛藻 Chaetoceros perpusillus Cleve
  • 秘鲁角毛藻 Chaetoceros peruvianus Brightwell, 1856
    • Chaetoceros peruvianus var. victoriae Karsten
    • Chaetoceros peruvianus var. gracilis J.L.B. Schröder
    • Chaetoceros peruvianus var. robustum P.T. Cleve
    • Chaetoceros peruvianus var. suadivae Karsten
    • Chaetoceros peruvianus f. volans (F. Schütt) C.E.H. Ostenfeld
    • 秘鲁角毛藻粗大变型 Chaetoceros peruvianus f. robustus (P.T. Cleve) C.E.H. Ostenfeld
  • Chaetoceros phuketensis J.E.B. Rines, P. Boonruang & E.C. Theriot
  • Chaetoceros pingue A. Henckel
  • Chaetoceros pinguichaetus A. Henckel & P. Henckel
  • Chaetoceros pliocenus J.-J. Brun
  • Chaetoceros protuberans H.S. Lauder
  • 拟奥氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudoaurivillii J. Ikari, 1926，拟金色角毛藻
  • 拟发状角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocrinitus Ostenfeld, 1901
  • 拟旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus Mangin，拟弯角毛藻
  • 假双刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudodichaeta J. Ikari
  • 拟旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus Mangin, 1910
  • 拟双刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudodichaeta Ikari,1926
  • Chaetoceros pundulus G.H.H. Karsten
  • 放射角毛藻 Chaetoceros radians F. Schütt, 1895
  • 根状角毛藻 Chaetoceros radicans F. Schütt, 1895
  • Chaetoceros recurvatus Henckel
    • Chaetoceros recurvatus f. robustus Henckel
  • 硬角毛藻 Chaetoceros rigidus Ostenfeld
  • Chaetoceros robustus (P.T. Cleve) C.E.H. Ostenfeld
  • 咀状角毛藻 Chaetoceros rostratus Lauder
    • 嘴状角毛藻格氏变型 Chaetoceros rostratus f. glandazii (Mang.) Taylor
  • Chaetoceros russanowi A. Henckel
  • Chaetoceros salsugineus Takano
  • 舞姿角毛藻 Chaetoceros saltans P.T. Cleve, 1897
  • Chaetoceros schmidtii C.E.H. Ostenfeld
    • Chaetoceros schuettii f. oceanicus H.H. Gran
  • 粗糙角毛藻 Chaetoceros seabrosus Pr.- Lavr.
  • Chaetoceros secundus P.T. Cleve
  • 链刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros seiracanthus Gran, 1897
  • 北部角毛藻 Chaetoceros septentrionalis Oestrup
  • Chaetoceros sessile Grøntved
  • 刚毛角毛藻 Chaetoceros setoense J. Ikari
  • Chaetoceros seychellarus G.H.H. Karsten
    • Chaetoceros seychellarus var. austral E.E. Manguin
  • 暹罗角毛藻 Chaetoceros siamense C.E.H. Ostenfeld, 1902
  • 相似角毛藻 Chaetoceros similis Cleve, 1896
  • Chaetoceros simplex C.E.H. Ostenfeld C
  • Chaetoceros skeleton F. Schütt
  • 聚生角毛藻 Chaetoceros socialis Lauder, 1864
    • Chaetoceros socialis f. radians (F. Schütt) A.I. Proshkina-Lavrenko
    • Chaetoceros socialis var. autumnalis Prosckina-Lavrenko
  • Chaetoceros sedowii A. Henckel
  • Chaetoceros strictus G.H.H. Karsten
  • Chaetoceros subcompressus J.L.B. Schröder
  • 亚盐角毛藻 Chaetoceros subsalsus Lemmermann, 1904
  • 冕孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros subsecundus (Grunow ex Van Heurck) Hustedt
  • 细弱角毛藻 Chaetoceros subtilis Cleve
  • Chaetoceros sumatranus Karsten
  • Chaetoceros tenuissimus A.F. Meunier
  • 圆柱角毛藻 Chaetoceros teres Cleve, 1896
    • Chaetoceros teres f. spinulosus H.H. Gran
  • Chaetoceros tetrachaeta Ehrenberg
  • Chaetoceros tetras G.H.H. Karsten
  • 长刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros tetrastichon Cleve, 1897，四楞角毛藻
  • Chaetoceros thienemannii Hustedt
    • Chaetoceros throndsenii var. trisetosus Zingone
    • Chaetoceros throndsenii var. throndsenia D. Marino, M. Montresor & A. Zingone
  • Chaetoceros throndsenii (Marino, Montresor, & Zingone) Marino, Montresor & Zingone
  • 扭链角毛藻 Chaetoceros tortissimus H. H. Gran, 1900
  • Chaetoceros transisetus J.R. Johansen & J.S. Boyer
  • 范氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros vanheurckii H.H. Gran, 1897
  • Chaetoceros vermiculus F. Schütt
  • Chaetoceros villosus Kützing
  • Chaetoceros vistulae C. Apstein
  • Chaetoceros volans F. Schütt
  • 威氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros weissflogii F. Schütt, 1895
  • 锥孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros wighamii Brightwell, 1856，威格海母角毛藻
  • Chaetoceros willei Grunow
  • 西沙角毛藻 Chaetoceros xishaensis Kuo, Ye et Zhou, 1978
  • Chaetoceros zachariasii Honigmann
    • Chaetoceros zachariasi var. longus H.L. Honigmann
    • Chaetoceros zachariasii var. variatus H.L. Honigmann
    • Chaetoceros zachariasii var. latus H.L. Honigmann
  • Chaetoceros ziwolkii A. Henckel

参考资料
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