邊界流

邊界流英語:)是指在大陸邊緣的洋流,因此其動力受海岸線的影響。边界流可分為兩個不同的類別:西部邊界流和東部邊界流。

東部邊界流位於大洋盆地的東側(毗鄰大陸的西海岸),一般較淺、較寬而且流動緩慢。位於副熱帶的東部邊界洋流是向赤道流動的,把冷水從高緯度地區輸送到低緯度地區。本格拉洋流[1]加那利洋流[2]洪堡洋流[3]加利福尼亞洋流英語:[4]等均屬于東部邊界流。在這些地區的沿岸上升流,經常把富含海鲜的深水帶入東部邊界洋流區,使其成為海產豐富區域[5][6]

而西部邊界流则分為亞熱帶和低緯度西部邊界流兩種洋流。亞熱帶西部邊界洋流是由於大環流的西環強化(英語:)作用的,而在洋盆西側形成的溫暖、深、窄和快速流動的洋流,它們從熱帶向極地方向運送溫水。墨西哥灣流[7]阿古拉斯洋流[8]黑潮[9]等均屬此種西部邊界流。低緯度西部邊界流類似於亞熱帶西部邊界流,但將冷水從亞熱帶流向赤道方向。棉蘭老島洋流英語:[10]巴西北部洋流英語:[11]等也屬于此種西部邊界流。[12][13]

參考文獻

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  6. Rykaczewski, R. R., Dunne, J. P., Sydeman, W. J., García-Reyes, M., Black, B. A., and Bograd, S. J. (2015), Poleward displacement of coastal upwelling-favorable winds in the ocean's eastern boundary currents through the 21st century, Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 6424– 6431, doi:10.1002/2015GL064694
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  8. J.R.E. Lutjeharms, R. Catzel, H.R. Valentine,(1989) Eddies and other boundary phenomena of the Agulhas Current,Continental Shelf Research, Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 597-616,ISSN 0278-4343, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(89)90032-0. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0278434389900320)
  9. Kathryn A. Kelly, R. Justin Small,R. M. Samelson, Bo Qiu, Terrence M. Joyce, Young-Oh Kwon, and Meghan F. Cronin (2010)Western Boundary Currents and Frontal Air–Sea Interaction: Gulf Stream and Kuroshio Extension Jour of Climate Vol. 23 Issue 21, p 5644-5667.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3346.1
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