金山寺 (泰国)
金山寺（泰語：，皇家轉寫：）位于泰国曼谷邦巴沙都拍县。寺内有一座约77米高的人造山，山顶建金色舍利塔，由山麓至塔尖的高度为63公呎，登临顶峰可鸟瞰曼谷的市容。
| 金山寺 | |
|---|---|
_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2_%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3_(16).jpg.webp) 金山（ Phu Khao Thong） | |
 .svg.png.webp){kind=small} 曼谷内的位置 | |
| 基本 | |
| 国家 | 泰国 |
| 位置 | 曼谷邦巴沙都拍县 |
| 坐标 | 13°45′14″N 100°30′30″E |
| 宗教 | 上座部佛教 |
| 官方网站 | www |
| 竣工 | 相传起源于阿瑜陀耶王国时期[1] 拉达那哥欣王国时期翻修 |
| 地圖 | |
历史
相传始建于阿瑜陀耶王国时期，原名沙盖寺（）。拉玛一世定都曼谷后翻修，相传拉玛一世在1782年镇压吞武里起事凯旋，入城前在此沐浴洗髮，因而定名为沙革寺（泰語： Wat Saket），意为“洗髮寺”[2]。
拉玛三世统治时期，决定在沙革寺兴修一座普朗式舍利塔，但由于曼谷土质松软，塔在工程中途垮塌，留下废弃的砖土堆，杂草丛生。曼谷人遂称之为“山”（ Phu khao）[3]。拉玛四世即位后，决定在山顶兴修一座小型佛塔，到拉玛五世时期完工，覆上金砖[4]，塔内藏有佛牙舍利[5]，是英国政府赠予拉玛五世的礼物[6]。自此，这座小山便得名金山（ Phu Khao Thong）。
建筑
寺内戒堂供奉一尊大型坐立释迦牟尼铜像。戒堂周围的回廊内供奉有163尊各式佛像[6]。
金山脚下设有巴米扬博物馆，藏有阿富汗巴米扬大佛的经书造像[6]。
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金山舍利塔_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2_%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%252CWat_Saket_Ratchaworamahawiharn%252CBangkok_(30).jpg.webp)
金山脚下_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2_%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3_(5).jpg.webp)
戒堂内部造像
戒堂壁画
夜间点亮的金山和王孙寺金属殿_(31523289014).jpg.webp)
自金山可俯瞰曼谷城区
金山，19世纪50年代
金山，1976年摄
习俗和传说
每年十一月，金山寺舍利塔都会裹上红布，信徒在红布上签下自己和家人的姓名，以此祈愿。这一习俗可追溯到拉玛五世时期[9]。同时间亦会有水灯节庆祝活动，举行庙会，上演畸形秀等热闹活动[10]。
在拉达那哥欣时代早期，曼谷人忌讳在拉达那哥欣岛城墙内火化死者，因而经常从鬼门出城，在城外的金山寺火化尸体。1820年，拉玛二世统治时期，曼谷霍乱流行，至少三万人丧命。金山寺每日都有大量病人遗体需火葬，一些尸体来不及焚烧即被遗弃腐烂，招来大群秃鹫盘旋进食。因此曼谷有一俗语“金山寺的秃鹫，善见寺的饿鬼[11][2]”。
裹上红布的舍利塔
20世纪初，金山寺附近的火葬亭
金山寺火葬，摄于1891年
秃鹫食尸雕塑
参见
参考文献
- . WAT360.
- Pralongchoeng, Kilane. [Placemark of Saket]. Thairath. 2017-10-03 [2019-09-19] （泰语）.
- Old photo (around 1900) of dilapidated prang from the collection of Cornell University Library (last access 2009-09-24).
- Walsh, John. . International Affairs Division, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. 2009. ISBN 978-974-16-8598-1.
- McDaniel, Justin Thomas. . 2011. ISBN 9780231527545.
- . Tourist Bangkok. [2023-10-23].
- Norwich 2001, p. 266
- Wikimapia: Temple of the Golden Mount or Phu Khao Thong (ภูเขาทอง) -Bangkok (Krungthep)
- ["Covering the red robe of the Golden Mount", a sacred ceremony high auspicious continuing from the reign of Rama V]. ASTV Manager. 2019-11-07 [2019-11-10] （泰语）.
- krashkraft. . Flickr. 2008-11-09.
- [Truth never dies : ogres of Wat Arun, vultures of Wat Saket, preta of Wat Suthat]. TPBS. 2019-09-18 [2019-09-19] （泰语）.
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