鉭的同位素

**主要的鉭同位素**
標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準)	180.94788(2)[1];
←Hf（72）	W（74）→

鉭（原子質量單位：180.94788(2)）的同位素，有1個是穩定的，另一個180m
Ta
為天然存在的核異構體，理論上不穩定，但是半衰期只有下界。

圖表

符號	Z（ p ）	N（ n ）	同位素質量（u）	半衰期[n 1]	衰變方式[2][n 2]	衰變產物[n 3]	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度（莫耳分率）
符號	激發能量			半衰期[n 1]	衰變方式[2][n 2]	衰變產物[n 3]	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度（莫耳分率）
155 Ta	73	82	154.97459(54)#	13(4) µs [12(+4−3) µs]			(11/2−)
156 Ta	73	83	155.97230(43)#	144(24) ms	β⁺ (95.8%)	¹⁵⁶Hf	(2−)
156 Ta	73	83	155.97230(43)#	144(24) ms	p (4.2%)	¹⁵⁵Hf	(2−)
156m Ta	102(7) keV			0.36(4) s	p	¹⁵⁵Hf	9+
157 Ta	73	84	156.96819(22)	10.1(4) ms	α (91%)	¹⁵³Lu	1/2+
157 Ta	73	84	156.96819(22)	10.1(4) ms	β⁺ (9%)	¹⁵⁷Hf	1/2+
157m1 Ta	22(5) keV			4.3(1) ms			11/2−
157m2 Ta	1593(9) keV			1.7(1) ms	α	¹⁵³Lu	(25/2−)
158 Ta	73	85	157.96670(22)#	49(8) ms	α (96%)	¹⁵⁴Lu	(2−)
158 Ta	73	85	157.96670(22)#	49(8) ms	β⁺ (4%)	¹⁵⁸Hf	(2−)
158m Ta	141(9) keV			36.0(8) ms	α (93%)	¹⁵⁴Lu	(9+)
					IT	¹⁵⁸Ta
					β⁺	¹⁵⁸Hf
159 Ta	73	86	158.963018(22)	1.04(9) s	β⁺ (66%)	¹⁵⁹Hf	(1/2+)
159 Ta	73	86	158.963018(22)	1.04(9) s	α (34%)	¹⁵⁵Lu	(1/2+)
159m Ta	64(5) keV			514(9) ms	α (56%)	¹⁵⁵Lu	(11/2−)
159m Ta	64(5) keV			514(9) ms	β⁺ (44%)	¹⁵⁹Hf	(11/2−)
160 Ta	73	87	159.96149(10)	1.70(20) s	α	¹⁵⁶Lu	(2#)−
160 Ta	73	87	159.96149(10)	1.70(20) s	β⁺	¹⁶⁰Hf	(2#)−
160m Ta	310(90)# keV			1.55(4) s	β⁺ (66%)	¹⁶⁰Hf	(9)+
160m Ta	310(90)# keV			1.55(4) s	α (34%)	¹⁵⁶Lu	(9)+
161 Ta	73	88	160.95842(6)#	3# s	β⁺ (95%)	¹⁶¹Hf	1/2+#
161 Ta	73	88	160.95842(6)#	3# s	α (5%)	¹⁵⁷Lu	1/2+#
161m Ta	50(50)# keV			2.89(12) s			11/2−#
162 Ta	73	89	161.95729(6)	3.57(12) s	β⁺ (99.92%)	¹⁶²Hf	3+#
162 Ta	73	89	161.95729(6)	3.57(12) s	α (.073%)	¹⁵⁸Lu	3+#
163 Ta	73	90	162.95433(4)	10.6(18) s	β⁺ (99.8%)	¹⁶³Hf	1/2+#
163 Ta	73	90	162.95433(4)	10.6(18) s	α (.2%)	¹⁵⁹Lu	1/2+#
164 Ta	73	91	163.95353(3)	14.2(3) s	β⁺	¹⁶⁴Hf	(3+)
165 Ta	73	92	164.950773(19)	31.0(15) s	β⁺	¹⁶⁵Hf	5/2−#
165m Ta	60(30) keV						9/2−#
166 Ta	73	93	165.95051(3)	34.4(5) s	β⁺	¹⁶⁶Hf	(2)+
167 Ta	73	94	166.94809(3)	1.33(7) min	β⁺	¹⁶⁷Hf	(3/2+)
168 Ta	73	95	167.94805(3)	2.0(1) min	β⁺	¹⁶⁸Hf	(2−,3+)
169 Ta	73	96	168.94601(3)	4.9(4) min	β⁺	¹⁶⁹Hf	(5/2+)
170 Ta	73	97	169.94618(3)	6.76(6) min	β⁺	¹⁷⁰Hf	(3)(+#)
171 Ta	73	98	170.94448(3)	23.3(3) min	β⁺	¹⁷¹Hf	(5/2−)
172 Ta	73	99	171.94490(3)	36.8(3) min	β⁺	¹⁷²Hf	(3+)
173 Ta	73	100	172.94375(3)	3.14(13) h	β⁺	¹⁷³Hf	5/2−
174 Ta	73	101	173.94445(3)	1.14(8) h	β⁺	¹⁷⁴Hf	3+
175 Ta	73	102	174.94374(3)	10.5(2) h	β⁺	¹⁷⁵Hf	7/2+
176 Ta	73	103	175.94486(3)	8.09(5) h	β⁺	¹⁷⁶Hf	(1)−
176m1 Ta	103.0(10) keV			1.1(1) ms	IT	¹⁷⁶Ta	(+)
176m2 Ta	1372.6(11)+X keV			3.8(4) µs			(14−)
176m3 Ta	2820(50) keV			0.97(7) ms			(20−)
177 Ta	73	104	176.944472(4)	56.56(6) h	β⁺	¹⁷⁷Hf	7/2+
177m1 Ta	73.36(15) keV			410(7) ns			9/2−
177m2 Ta	186.15(6) keV			3.62(10) µs			5/2−
177m3 Ta	1355.01(19) keV			5.31(25) µs			21/2−
177m4 Ta	4656.3(5) keV			133(4) µs			49/2−
178 Ta	73	105	177.945778(16)	9.31(3) min	β⁺	¹⁷⁸Hf	1+
178m1 Ta	100(50)# keV			2.36(8) h	β⁺	¹⁷⁸Hf	(7)−
178m2 Ta	1570(50)# keV			59(3) ms			(15−)
178m3 Ta	3000(50)# keV			290(12) ms			(21−)
179 Ta	73	106	178.9459295(23)	1.82(3) a	ε	¹⁷⁹Hf	7/2+
179m1 Ta	30.7(1) keV			1.42(8) µs			(9/2)−
179m2 Ta	520.23(18) keV			335(45) ns			(1/2)+
179m3 Ta	1252.61(23) keV			322(16) ns			(21/2−)
179m4 Ta	1317.3(4) keV			9.0(2) ms	IT	¹⁷⁹Ta	(25/2+)
179m5 Ta	1327.9(4) keV			1.6(4) µs			(23/2−)
179m6 Ta	2639.3(5) keV			54.1(17) ms			(37/2+)
180 Ta	73	107	179.9474648(24)	8.152(6) h	ε (86%)	¹⁸⁰Hf	1+
180 Ta	73	107	179.9474648(24)	8.152(6) h	β⁻ (14%)	¹⁸⁰W	1+
180m1 Ta	77.1(8) keV			觀測上穩定[n 4]			9−	1.2(2)×10⁻⁴
180m2 Ta	1452.40(18) keV			31.2(14) µs			15−
180m3 Ta	3679.0(11) keV			2.0(5) µs			(22−)
180m4 Ta	4171.0+X keV			17(5) µs			(23,24,25)
181 Ta	73	108	180.9479958(20)	觀測上穩定[n 5]			7/2+	0.99988(2)
181m1 Ta	6.238(20) keV			6.05(12) µs			9/2−
181m2 Ta	615.21(3) keV			18(1) µs			1/2+
181m3 Ta	1485(3) keV			25(2) µs			21/2−
181m4 Ta	2230(3) keV			210(20) µs			29/2−
182 Ta	73	109	181.9501518(19)	114.43(3) d	β⁻	¹⁸²W	3−
182m1 Ta	16.263(3) keV			283(3) ms	IT	¹⁸²Ta	5+
182m2 Ta	519.572(18) keV			15.84(10) min			10−
183 Ta	73	110	182.9513726(19)	5.1(1) d	β⁻	¹⁸³W	7/2+
183m Ta	73.174(12) keV			107(11) ns			9/2−
184 Ta	73	111	183.954008(28)	8.7(1) h	β⁻	¹⁸⁴W	(5−)
185 Ta	73	112	184.955559(15)	49.4(15) min	β⁻	¹⁸⁵W	(7/2+)#
185m Ta	1308(29) keV			>1 ms			(21/2−)
186 Ta	73	113	185.95855(6)	10.5(3) min	β⁻	¹⁸⁶W	(2−,3−)
186m Ta				1.54(5) min
187 Ta	73	114	186.96053(21)#	2# min [>300 ns]	β⁻	¹⁸⁷W	7/2+#
188 Ta	73	115	187.96370(21)#	20# s [>300 ns]	β⁻	¹⁸⁸W
189 Ta	73	116	188.96583(32)#	3# s [>300 ns]			7/2+#
190 Ta	73	117	189.96923(43)#	0.3# s

備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。

←	同位素列表	→
鉿的同位素	鉭的同位素	鎢的同位素

註釋

Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)
Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
Bold for stable isotopes
Only known observationally stable nuclear isomer, believed to decay by isomeric transition to ¹⁸⁰Ta, β⁻ decay to ¹⁸⁰W, or electron capture to ¹⁸⁰Hf with a half-life over 1.2×10¹⁵ years
Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁷⁷Lu

参考文獻

Meija, Juris; et al. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
. nucleonica. [2015-10-04]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.

Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于）.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[2] Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)

[4] Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition

[5] Bold for stable isotopes

[6] Only known observationally stable nuclear isomer, believed to decay by isomeric transition to ¹⁸⁰Ta, β⁻ decay to ¹⁸⁰W, or electron capture to ¹⁸⁰Hf with a half-life over 1.2×10¹⁵ years

[7] Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁷⁷Lu

[CIAAW2013-1] Meija, Juris; et al. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

[3] . nucleonica. [2015-10-04]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.