銳滴蟲目

銳滴蟲目 (Oxymonadida) 是一類具有鞭毛的原生生物,大部分物種棲息在白蟻或其實食木昆蟲的腸道內。銳滴蟲目和副基體綱一樣具有共生性的細菌,這些細菌可以協助分解纖維素

锐滴虫目
Monocercomonoides melolanthae
科学分类 编辑
门: 變形蟲門 Amoebozoa
纲: 动鞭毛虫纲 Zoomastigophorea
目: 锐滴虫目 Oxymonadida
Grassé 1952 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2003
  • Oxymonadidae
  • Polymastigidae
  • Pyrsonymphidae
  • Saccinobaculidae
  • Streblomastigidae
異名
  • Oxymonadales
  • Polymastigales
  • Pyrsonymphales

銳滴蟲目包括 DinenymphaPyrsonymphaOxymonas 三個屬[1]

特徵

大部分物種體長約 50 μm,具有一個細胞核和四根鞭毛。銳滴蟲目的基體 (basal body) 生有數根向細胞末端延伸的微管,形成軸柱,但銳滴蟲目的軸柱與副基體綱的軸柱構造相異。銳滴蟲目可以用軸柱游泳,游泳時軸柱會成波浪狀。銳滴蟲目有一種纖維構造稱作前軸柱,前軸柱將四根鞭毛分為兩對。有些物種具有多個細胞核、多根鞭毛,和多根軸柱。

與三鞭毛蟲屬的關係

三鞭毛蟲屬 (Trimastix) 是一種自由生活的鞭毛蟲,親緣關係接近銳滴蟲目[2]。三鞭毛蟲屬缺少粒線體,擁有四根被前軸柱分成兩對的鞭毛,與銳滴蟲目不同的是,三鞭毛蟲擁有食槽 (feeding groove)。銳滴蟲目和三鞭毛蟲屬都屬於古蟲界後滴門 (metamonad)。

分類

  • Order Oxymonadida Grassé 1952 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2003[3]
    • Family Oxymonadidae Kirby 1928 [Oxymonadaceae]
      • Genus ?Barroella Zeliff 1944 [Kirbyella Zeliff 1930 non Kirkaldy 1906 non Bolivar 1909]
      • Genus ?Metasaccinobaculus Freitas 1945
      • Genus ?Tubulimonoides Krishnamurthy & Sultana 1976
      • Genus Microrhopalodina Grassé & Foa 1911 [Proboscidiella Kofoid & Swezy 1926; Opisthomitus Grassé 1952 non Duboscq & Grassé 1934]
      • Genus Oxymonas Janicki 1915
      • Genus Sauromonas Grassé & Hollande 1952
    • Family Polymastigidae Bütschli 1884 [Polymastigaceae]
      • Genus ?Brachymonas Grassé 1952 non Hiraishi et al. 1995
      • Genus ?Paranotila Cleveland 1966
      • Genus Monocercomonoides Travis 1932
      • Genus Polymastix Bütschli 1884 non Gruber 1884
    • Family Pyrsonymphidae Grassé 1892 [Pyrsonymphaceae; Dinenymphaceae]
      • Genus Dinenympha Leidy 1877
      • Genus Pyrsonympha Leidy 1877 [Pyrsonema Kent 1881; Lophophora Comes 1910 non Coulter 1894 non Kraatz 1895 non Moeschler 1890]
    • Family Saccinobaculidae Brugerolle & Lee 2002 ex Cavalier-Smith 2012
      • Genus Notila Cleveland 1950
      • Genus Saccinobaculus Cleveland-Hall & Sanders & Collier 1934
    • Family Streblomastigidae Kofoid & Swezy 1919 [Streblomastigaceae]
      • Genus Streblomastix Kofoid & Swezy 1920

參考文獻

  1. Moriya S, Dacks JB, Takagi A, et al. . J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 2003, 50 (3): 190–7. PMID 12836875. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2003.tb00115.x.
  2. Dacks JB, Silberman JD, Simpson AG, et al. . Mol. Biol. Evol. June 2001, 18 (6): 1034–44. PMID 11371592. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003875可免费查阅.
  3. . Collection of genus-group names in a systematic arrangement. [30 June 2016]. (原始内容存档于14 August 2016).
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