鋁的同位素
鋁（原子量：26.9815386(8)）共有22個已知同位素，質量數介於22-43之間，其中只有1個是穩定的，其他都具有放射性，因此鋁屬於單一同位素元素。天然存在的鋁同位素有2個，分別是穩定的27Al和具放射性的26Al，其中27Al占天然鋁的絕大部分，而26Al在自然界中僅痕量存在，為宇宙射線散裂所產生。其他放射性同位素都不出現在自然界中，只有在實驗室製造出來過，且半衰期都很短，非常不穩定。
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| 標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) |
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圖表
| 符號 | Z（ p ） |
N（ n ） |
同位素質量（u） | 半衰期 | 衰變 方式[2][n 1] |
衰變 產物[n 2] |
原子核 自旋 |
相對豐度 （莫耳分率） |
相對豐度的變化量 （莫耳分率） |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 激發能量 | |||||||||
| 22Al | 13 | 9 | 22.01952(10)# | 59(3) ms | β+ (96.7%) | 22Mg | (3)+ | ||
| β+, 2p (2.5%) | 20Ne | ||||||||
| β+, p (0.8%) | 21Na | ||||||||
| 23Al | 13 | 10 | 23.007267(20) | 470(30) ms | β+ (92%) | 23Mg | 5/2+# | ||
| β+, p (8%) | 22Na | ||||||||
| 23mAl | ~0.35 s | #79 | |||||||
| 24Al | 13 | 11 | 23.9999389(30) | 2.053(4) s | β+ (99.95%) | 24Mg | 4+ | ||
| β+, α (.0349%) | 20Ne | ||||||||
| β+, p (.0159%) | 23Na | ||||||||
| 24mAl | 425.8(1) keV | 131.3(25) ms | IT (82%) | 24Al | 1+ | ||||
| β+ (18%) | 24Mg | ||||||||
| β+, α | 20Ne | ||||||||
| 25Al | 13 | 12 | 24.9904281(5) | 7.183(12) s | β+ | 25Mg | 5/2+ | ||
| 26 Al [n 3] |
13 | 13 | 25.98689169(6) | 7.17(24)×105 years | β+ | 26Mg | 5+ | 痕量[n 4] | |
| 26mAl | 228.305(13) keV | 6.3452(19) s | β+ | 26Mg | 0+ | ||||
| 27 Al |
13 | 14 | 26.98153863(12) | 稳定 | 5/2+ | 1.0000 | |||
| 28Al | 13 | 15 | 27.98191031(14) | 2.2414(12) min | β− | 28Si | 3+ | ||
| 29Al | 13 | 16 | 28.9804450(13) | 6.56(6) min | β− | 29Si | 5/2+ | ||
| 30Al | 13 | 17 | 29.982960(15) | 3.60(6) s | β− | 30Si | 3+ | ||
| 31Al | 13 | 18 | 30.983947(22) | 644(25) ms | β− (98.4%) | 31Si | (3/2,5/2)+ | ||
| β−, n (1.6%) | 30Si | ||||||||
| 32Al | 13 | 19 | 31.98812(9) | 31.7(8) ms | β− (99.3%) | 32Si | 1+ | ||
| β−, n (.7%) | 31Si | ||||||||
| 32mAl | 955.7(4) keV | 200(20) ns | (4+) | ||||||
| 33Al | 13 | 20 | 32.99084(8) | 41.7(2) ms | β− (91.5%) | 33Si | (5/2+)# | ||
| β−, n (8.5%) | 32Si | ||||||||
| 34Al | 13 | 21 | 33.99685(12) | 56.3(5) ms | β− (87.5%) | 34Si | 4−# | ||
| β−, n (12.5%) | 33Si | ||||||||
| 35Al | 13 | 22 | 34.99986(19) | 38.6(4) ms | β− (74%) | 35Si | 5/2+# | ||
| β−, n (26%) | 34Si | ||||||||
| 36Al | 13 | 23 | 36.00621(23) | 90(40) ms | β− (69%) | 36Si | |||
| β−, n (31%) | 35Si | ||||||||
| 37Al | 13 | 24 | 37.01068(36) | 10.7(13) ms | β− | 37Si | 3/2+ | ||
| 38Al | 13 | 25 | 38.01723(78) | 7.6(6) ms | β− | 38Si | |||
| 39Al | 13 | 26 | 39.02297(158) | 7.6(16) ms | β− | 39Si | 3/2+# | ||
| 40Al | 13 | 27 | 40.02962(43)# | 10# ms [>260 ns] | β− | 40Si | |||
| 41Al | 13 | 28 | 41.03588(54)# | 2# ms [>260 ns] | β− | 41Si | 5/2+# | ||
| 42Al | 13 | 29 | 42.04305(64)# | 1# ms [>170 ns] | β− | 42Si | |||
| 43Al | 13 | 30 | 43.05048(86)# | 1# ms [>170 ns] | β− | 43Si | |||
備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。
| ← | 同位素列表 | → |
| 鎂的同位素 | 鋁的同位素 | 矽的同位素 |
參考文獻
- Meija, Juris; et al. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- . Nucleonica. [2012-08-15]. （原始内容
存档于2017-02-19）.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于）.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
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