黑手黨國家

在政治上,黑手黨國家是指一個狀態系統,其中政府栓與有組織犯罪的程度時,政府官員,警察和/或軍隊成為犯罪集團的一部分。[1][2]根據美國外交官的說法,“黑手黨國家”一詞是亞歷山大·利特維年科創造的。[3]

參考

  1. Mafia States: Organized Crime Takes Office 页面存档备份,存于 by Moisés Naím, Foreign Affairs.
  2. Luhn, Alec; Harding, Luke. . The Guardian (London). 5 November 2015 [27 April 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-06-17).

延伸閱讀

  • Luke Harding. . Guardian Books. 2012. ISBN 978-0-85265-249-7.
  • Naím, M. (2012). "Mafia states: Organized crime takes office." Foreign Affairs, 91, 100.
  • Wang, P. & Blancke, S. (2014). "Mafia State: The Evolving Threat of North Korean Narcotics Trafficking." The RUSI Journal. 159 (5). 52–59.
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