环带纲
環帶綱（），是环节动物门下的一个纲，在系統演化上爲一個單系群，包括蛭（螞蟥，含水蛭、旱蛭）和寡毛類（如蚯蚓）等。牠們的特色是身體上有一節像是「衣領」一樣的環帶，在生育時會產生卵繭。環帶綱大約有8000多個品種。
环带纲 化石时期： | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 蚯蚓 | |
科学分类  | |
| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 環節動物門 Annelida |
| 纲： | 环带纲 Clitellata |
| 亞綱 | |
| 異名 | |
|
Oligochaeta | |
與多毛綱（）不同的是：牠們的頭部（圍口節）沒有疣足（），而且發展比較簡單。
習性
大多數環帶綱的生物可在陸地上及水裡生活。
繁殖
所有環帶綱動物都是雌雄同體的。在繁殖期間，環帶綱動物會分泌一種會硬化的表層。牠會從這表層向後爬走，並將受精卵或同時間將卵子及精子留在這表層內，此表層會形成一個卵繭。受精卵會在沒有幼蟲的階段進而生長。[2]
分類
本纲包括以下目：
- Acanthobdellida
- Alluroidida
- Arhynchobdellida
- Branchiobdellida
- Capilloventrida
- Crassiclitellata
- Enchytraeida
- Euhirudinea 單向蚓目
- Haplotaxida
- Lumbriculida
- Moniligastrida
- Narapida
- Opisthopora
- Parvidrilida
- Randiellida 吻蛭目
- Rhynchobdellida
- Tubificida
- 目的地位未定的科：
- Illebdellidae
- Tiguassuidae
- 目和科的地位未定的属：
- Acestus Leidy, 1852
- Acritobdella Ringuelet, 1978
- Adaetobdella Ringuelet, 1978
- Adenobdella Leidy, 1885
- Adenodrilus Chekanovskaya, 1959
- Albione Savigny, 1822
- Aleodrilus Eisen, 1896
- Allodera Sperber, 1950
- Allolobophora Omodeo, 1956
- Alyattes Kinberg, 1866
- Amazonidrilus Righi, 1993
- Ancyrobdella Oka, 1917
- Anoculobdella Weber, 1915
- Antionais Piguet, 1928
- Archaeodrilus Czerniavsky, 1881
- Archaeodrilus Szüts, 1913
- Argyrobdella Cordero, 1937
- Assudrilus Righi, 1971
- Astacobdella Moquin-Tandon, 1846
- Astraphidokrates Gistl, 1848
- Aulacostomum Grube, 1850
- Austroscolex Jamieson, 1977
- Bakedebdella Sciacchitano, 1939
- Blennobdella Blanchard, 1849
- Branchiobdella de Blainville, 1827
- Cambarincola Goodnight, 1940
- Caribeobdella Ringuelet, 1976
- Castrichnus Verde, Ubilla, Jiménez & Genise, 2007
- Cephalopus Gronov, 1762
- Clepsinides Augener, 1926
- Colombobdella Mane-Garzon, 1973
- Coronata Goodnight, 1940
- Cotinchytraeus Righi, 1974
- Cryptochaeta Benham, 1950
- Cymatobranchus Selensky
- Dacnobdella Ringuelet, 1978
- Dactylius Curling, 1839
- Dactylobdella van Beneden & Hesse, 1863
- Dagarobdella Finogenova & Snimschikova, 1991
- Dartevellida Sciacchitano, 1939
- Democedes Kinberg, 1866
- Dendrobaena Omodeo, 1956
- Dendrodilus Omodeo, 1956
- Dermobdella Philippi, 1867
- Dinaridella Mrsic, 1987
- Dinephrus Spencer, 1900
- Dundjibdella Sciacchitano, 1939
- Eminia Benham, 1891
- Eminodrilus Benham, 1891
- Ephemitra Sims & Easton, 1972
- Erpobdelliformes Sawyer, 1986
- Eubranchella Baird, 1869
- Exochleius Rafinesque, 1819
- Ganymedes Leigh-Sharpe, 1915
- Glossobdella de Blainville, 1827
- Glossophora Gray, 1831
- Glossopora Johnson, 1817
- Gnatho Goldfuss, 1820
- Goel Oken, 1815
- Graceevelynia Graff, 1957
- Granelia Harant & Verniéres, 1936
- Guamaia Righi, 1975
- Haemobdella Brandt, 1911
- Haemocharis Savigny, 1822
- Haemonis Bernouilli, 1849
- Halodrillus Verrill, 1873
- Hararbdella Sciacchitano, 1941
- Helluo Oken, 1815
- Helminthodes Marsh, 1864
- Henleana Friend, 1915
- Hippobdella de Blainville, 1827
- Hormodrilus Rosa, 1889
- Hrabeiella Pĭzl & Chalupský, 1984
- Hybobdella Weyenbergh, 1879
- Hylacobdella Sciacchitano, 1935
- Hypsobdella Weber, 1915
- Idrisobdella Leigh-Sharpe, 1933
- Incolore Omodeo, 1952
- Jatrobdella de Blainville, 1827
- Lamprodrilus Izosimov, 1962
- Leiodrilus Eisen, 1900
- Lennoscolex Gates, 1960
- Leptodrilus Wassell, 1984
- Leptostoma Whitman, 1886
- Lignicola Blyth, 1842
- Limbrus Anon., 1829
- Liodrilus Michaelsen, 1900
- Lobina Moquin-Tandon, 1846
- Lumbricogordius Noll, 1844
- Lumbricopsis Fritsch, 1907
- Machetna Semernoy & Timm, 1994
- Maiabdella Ringuelet, 1980
- Matadibdella Sciacchitano, 1939
- Meridrilus Righi, 1993
- Mesopachys Ørsted, 1844
- Mesoscolex Borges & Moreno, 1990
- Metalamprodrilus Isossimoff, 1962
- Microstoma Whitman, 1885
- Mongbwalubdella Sciacchitano, 1939
- Monopus Gosse, 1855
- Mooreotorix Lukin, 1976
- Naillenia Eisen, 1900
- Nectohelmins Kincaid & Ruffolo, 1988
- Nemoctus Rafinesque, 1814
- Neoscolex Sokolskaya, 1976
- Notogama Rosa, 1893
- Octolasium Omodeo, 1956
- Omahania Eisen, 1900
- Ophibdella Beneden & Hesse, 1863
- Opisthocordis Righi, 1984
- Opistodrilus Rosa, 1895
- Opothedrilus Bouche, 1972
- Palaeobdella Blainville, 1829
- Palaeohirudo Kozur, 1970
- Panoniona Mrsic & Sapkarev, 1988
- Papillonais Sokolovskaya, 1957
- Parapontobdella Harant, 1929
- Paratorix Lukin & Epshtein, 1960
- Pentabdella Llewellyn, 1966
- Perriera Vaillant
- Pharyngobdelliformes Caballero, 1952
- Phormio Goldfuss, 1820
- Piguetia Hrabé, 1936
- Pinacobdella Diesing, 1850
- Podobdella Diesing, 1850
- Podoclepsis Dequal, 1916
- Praedrilus Righi, 1971
- Preussiella Michaelsen, 1900
- Promegascolex Cognetti de Martiis, 1922
- Protoscolex Ulrich, 1878
- Pseudenchytraeus Delphy, 1919
- Pseudilyodrilus Delphy, 1919
- Pseudobdella Blainville, 1827
- Pterochaeta Pierantoni, 1911
- Purpureum Omodeo, 1952
- Rhodonicus Bouche, 1972
- Sanguisuga Bruguière, 1789
- Santomesia Righi, 1984
- Schlegelia Weyenbergh, 1880
- Schoutedenia Michaelsen, 1936
- Sciobdella Richardson, 1971
- Scorpaenobdella Saint-Loup, 1886
- Semiscoloides Sawyer, 1986
- Spencerius Loden, 1978
- Sporadoehaeta Cognetti, 1905
- Stilina Gervais, 1837
- Suabdella
- Tonperoge Righi & Ayres, 1975
- Trachelobdella Moore, 1957
- Travascolides Gates, 1940
- Tribothrynobdella Ringuelet, 1976
- Trigonobdella Sciacchitano, 1939
- Trulliodbella Brinkmann, 1948
- Turedrilus Righi, 1993
- Typhlobdella Diesing, 1850
- Udekemiana Cernosvitov, 1931
- Wasawoia Reynolds, 1973
- Wegeneriella Omodeo, 1955
- Zicsiona Mrsic & Sapkarev, 1987
參考
- Manum, S. B.; Bose, M. N.; Sawyer, R. Y. T. . Zoologica Scripta. 1991, 20 (4): 347. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1991.tb00300.x.
- Reichardt, Anna Katharina. . 2006: 63, 67–68.
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