G-四聯體
G-四聯體（英語：G-quadruplex、G-tetrads或G4-DNA）是一種由富含鳥嘌呤的核酸序列所構成的四股型態。含有經由胡斯坦(Hoogsteen)氫鍵維持穩定，並由鳥嘌呤以正方形方式排列而成的結構。在方形中央有一個單價陽離子（通常是鉀）[1]。這種結構可見於DNA、RNA、LNA（鎖核酸）與PNA（肽核酸）；根據形成四聯體的各股的方向，可能有分子內（intramolecular）、雙分子（bimolecular）或四分子（tetramolecular）等不同類型[2]。
在四聯體的結構中，我們可以根據四股的方向，將結構分為平行和反平行。
Structure of a G-quadruplex. Left: a G-tetrad. Right: an intramolecular G-quadruplex
3D Structure of the intramolecular human telomeric G-quadruplex in potassium solution (PDB ID 2HY9). The backbone is represented by a tube. The center of this structure contains three layers of G-tetrads. The hydrogen bonds in these layers are represented by blue dashed lines.
註釋
- Campbell, Nancy H.; Neidle, Stephen. . Astrid Sigel, Helmut Sigel and Roland K. O. Sigel (编). . Metal Ions in Life Sciences 10. Springer. 2012: 119–1134. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2172-2_4.
- Bochman, Matthew L.; Paeschke, Katrin; Zakian, Virginia A. . Nature Reviews Genetics 13. Nature Publishing Group. 2012: 770–780. doi:10.1038/nrg3296.
參考文獻
- Jiangtao Ren, Jiahai Wang* , Lei Han, Erkang Wang*, Jin Wang*. . Chem. Commun. 2011, 47: 10563–10565 [2015-06-19]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-20）.
- Johnson JE, Smith JS, Kozak ML, Johnson FB. . Biochimie. 2008, 90 (8): 1250–1263 [2015-06-19]. PMC 2585026
. PMID 18331848. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2008.02.013. （原始内容存档于2019-02-07）. - Huppert JL and Balasubramanian S. . NAR. 2005, 33 (9): 2908–2916 [2007-06-20]. PMC 1140081 . PMID 15914667. doi:10.1093/nar/gki609. （原始内容存档于2007-05-06）.
- Todd AK, Johnston M, Neidle S. . NAR. 2005, 33 (9): 2901–2907 [2007-06-20]. PMC 1140077 . PMID 15914666. doi:10.1093/nar/gki553. （原始内容存档于2007-05-06）.
- Burge S, Parkinson GN, Hazel P, Todd AK, Neidle S. . NAR. 2006, 34 (19): 5402–5415 [2007-06-20]. PMC 1636468 . PMID 17012276. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl655. （原始内容存档于2008-10-07）.
- Siddiqui-Jain A, Grand CL, Bearss DJ, Hurley LH. . PNAS. 2002, 99 (18): 11593–8 [2007-06-20]. PMC 129314 . PMID 12195017. doi:10.1073/pnas.182256799. （原始内容存档于2007-10-01）.
- Rawal P, Kummarasetti VB, Ravindran J, Kumar N, Halder K, Sharma R, Mukerji M, Das SK, Chowdhury S. . Genome Res. 2006, 16 (5): 644–55 [2007-06-20]. PMC 1457047 . PMID 16651665. doi:10.1101/gr.4508806. （原始内容存档于2007-09-12）.
- Xu Hou, Wei Guo, Fan Xia, Fu-Qiang Nie, Hua Dong, Ye Tian, Liping Wen, Lin Wang, Liuxuan Cao, Yang Yang, Jianming Xue, Yanlin Song, Yugang Wang, Dongsheng Liu, and Lei Jiang. . J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131 (22): 7800–7805 [2015-06-19]. PMID 19435350. doi:10.1021/ja901574c. （原始内容存档于2022-03-15）.
- Neidle & Balasubramanian (编). . 2006 [2007-06-20]. ISBN 0-85404-374-8. （原始内容存档于2007-09-30）.
外部連結
- Nanopore and Aptamer Biosensor group（页面存档备份，存于）{NAB group}
四聯體網站
- COST MP0802 Quadruplex Network – the European network of G-quadruplex community: From first principles to applications
- Quadruplex.org – a website to serve the quadruplex community
- G-Quadruplex World（页面存档备份，存于） – a website to discuss publications and other information of interest to those working in the field of G-quadruplexes
- Quadbase – downloadable data on predicted G-quadruplexes
- Greglist – a database listing potential G-quadruplex regulated genes
- Database on Quadruplex information: QuadBase from IGIB
- GRSDB（页面存档备份，存于）- a database of G-quadruplexes near RNA processing sites.
- GRS_UTRdb- a database of G-quadruplexes in the UTRs.
- G-quadruplex Resource Site（页面存档备份，存于）
- non-B Motif Search Tool at non-B DB- a web server to predict G-quadruplex forming motifs and other non-B DNA forming motifs from users' DNA sequences.
預測G-四聯體的工具
- Quadparser: Downloadable program for finding putative quadruplex-forming sequences（页面存档备份，存于） from Balasubramanian's group.
- QGRS Mapper: a web-based application for predicting G-quadruplexes in nucleotide sequences and NCBI genes（页面存档备份，存于） from Bagga's group.
- Quadfinder: Tool for Prediction and Analysis of G Quadruplex Motifs in DNA/RNA Sequences from Maiti's group, IGIB, Delhi, India
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