瘤顎家蟻屬

瘤顎家蟻屬 （Strumigenys）為家蟻亞科。共 849 個現生物種，4 個化石物種[2]。大多數物種具有觸發式大顎 (trap-jaw)。

瘤顎家蟻屬
Strumigenys abdera 的工蟻
科学分类 编辑
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
纲： 昆虫纲 Insecta
目： 膜翅目 Hymenoptera
科： 蟻科 Formicidae
亚科： 家蟻亞科 Myrmicinae
族： 切葉蟻族 Attini
属： 瘤顎家蟻屬 Strumigenys
F. Smith, 1860
模式種
Strumigenys mandibularis
F. Smith, 1860
多样性[1]
853 種
異名
List of synonyms
  • Asketogenys Brown, 1972
    Borgmeierita Brown, 1953
    Cephaloxys Smith, F., 1865
    Chelystruma Brown, 1950
    Cladarogenys Brown, 1976
    Codiomyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1916
    Codioxenus Santschi, 1931
    Dorisidris Brown, 1948
    Dysedrognathus Taylor, 1968
    Eneria Donisthorpe, 1948
    Epitritus Emery, 1869
    Glamyromyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1915
    Gymnomyrmex Borgmeier, 1954
    Kyidris Brown, 1949
    Labidogenys Roger, 1862
    Miccostruma Brown, 1948
    Neostruma Brown, 1948
    Pentastruma Forel, 1912
    Platystruma Brown, 1953
    Polyhomoa Azuma, 1950
    Proscopomyrmex Patrizi, 1946
    Pyramica Roger, 1862
    Quadristruma Brown, 1949
    Serrastruma Brown, 1948
    Smithistruma Brown, 1948
    Tingimyrmex Mann, 1926
    Trichoscapa Emery, 1869
    Weberistruma Brown, 1948
    Wessonistruma Brown, 1948

習性

瘤顎家蟻於土中、石下、木下、糞便下築巢，群體小。

S. xenos 行社會寄生，沒有工蟻階級，寄生在 S. perplexa 的巢內。

瘤顎家蟻捕食彈尾目和其他身體柔軟的節肢動物[3]。

分布

瘤顎家蟻分布於全球的熱帶和亞熱帶。澳洲有 18 種[4]。

有些物種隨著人類活動入侵到世界各地。Strumigenys membranifera 原生於舊世界，現已散布到世界多處，在西班牙南部的都市公園很常見，美國南部的 12 個州也有紀錄[5]。Strumigenys membranifera 可以棲息在多種棲地中，如密林、農田、都市中的草皮和花園等[5]。

下属物种

本属包括以下物种：

  • Strumigenys abdera Fisher
  • Strumigenys actis Fisher
  • Strumigenys admixta Fisher
  • Strumigenys adrasora Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys adsita Fisher
  • Strumigenys aenigma Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys agetos Fisher
  • Strumigenys agra Fisher
  • Strumigenys alapa Fisher
  • Strumigenys alperti Fisher
  • Strumigenys ambatrix
  • Strumigenys ambvky
  • Strumigenys ampyx Fisher
  • Strumigenys ananeotes Longino & Booher, 2019
  • Strumigenys anetes Brown, 1988
  • Strumigenys anorak Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
  • Strumigenys antaeus Mann, 1919
  • Strumigenys antarctica Forel, 1892
  • Strumigenys anthocera Lattke & Goitia, 1997
  • Strumigenys apios Fisher
  • Strumigenys arnoldi Forel, 1913
  • Strumigenys artemis Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
  • Strumigenys auctidens (Bolton, 2000)
  • Strumigenys avatar Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
  • Strumigenys ayersthey Booher & Hoenle, 2021
  • Strumigenys azteca
  • Strumigenys balux Fisher
  • Strumigenys bathron Fisher
  • Strumigenys bernardi Brown, 1960
  • Strumigenys bibiolona Fisher
  • Strumigenys biconvexa
  • Strumigenys biolleyi Forel, 1908
  • Strumigenys biroi Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys bitheria Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys bola Fisher
  • Strumigenys boneti Brown, 1959
  • Strumigenys borgmeieri Brown, 1954
  • Strumigenys brevicornis
  • Strumigenys brevisetosa Smith, 1935
  • Strumigenys bryanti Wheeler, 1919
  • Strumigenys buleru Brown, 1988
  • Strumigenys cabira Fisher
  • Strumigenys cacaoensis Bolton, 1971
  • Strumigenys caiman Booher, Prebus & Lubertazzi, 2019
  • Strumigenys calypso
  • Strumigenys carinithorax Borgmeier, 1934
  • Strumigenys carisa Fisher
  • Strumigenys carolinae Fisher
  • Strumigenys cassicuspis
  • Strumigenys chapmani Brown, 1954
  • Strumigenys chareta Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys charino Fisher
  • Strumigenys chernovi Dlussky, 1993
  • Strumigenys chilo Fisher
  • Strumigenys chroa Fisher
  • Strumigenys chuchihensis Lin & Wu, 2001
  • Strumigenys chyzeri Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys cochlearis Brown, 1988
  • Strumigenys collinsae Booher, 2021
  • Strumigenys consanii Brown, 1954
  • Strumigenys cordovensis Mayr, 1887
  • Strumigenys cosmostela Kempf, 1975
  • Strumigenys coveri Fisher
  • Strumigenys covina Fisher
  • Strumigenys cultrigera Mayr, 1887
  • Strumigenys datryx Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys decollata Mann, 1919
  • Strumigenys deinomastax (Bolton, 2000)
  • Strumigenys deltisquama Brown, 1957
  • Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887
  • Strumigenys deverra Fisher
  • Strumigenys dexis Fisher
  • Strumigenys dextra Brown, 1954
  • Strumigenys diabola Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys diaptyxis
  • Strumigenys dicomas Fisher, 2000
  • Strumigenys diota Fisher
  • Strumigenys disarmata Brown, 1971
  • Strumigenys diux Fisher
  • Strumigenys dohertyi Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys dolabra Fisher
  • Strumigenys dolichognatha Weber, 1934
  • Strumigenys dora Fisher
  • Strumigenys doriae Emery, 1887
  • Strumigenys doxa Fisher
  • Strumigenys dromoshaula Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys dyak Brown, 1959
  • Strumigenys dyschima (Bolton, 2000) Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys dyseides Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys dyshaula Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys ebbae Forel, 1905
  • Strumigenys ecliptacoca Brown, 1958
  • Strumigenys economoi Booher, Prebus & Lubertazzi, 2019
  • Strumigenys ection Fisher
  • Strumigenys edaragona Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys elongata Roger, 1863
  • Strumigenys emdeni Forel, 1915
  • Strumigenys emeryi Mann, 1922
  • Strumigenys enopla (Bolton, 2000)
  • Strumigenys epelys Bolton
  • Strumigenys epinotalis Weber, 1934
  • Strumigenys epulo Fisher
  • Strumigenys erynnes
  • Strumigenys escherichi
  • Strumigenys esrossi Brown, 1957
  • Strumigenys ettillax Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys europs Fisher
  • Strumigenys excisa
  • Strumigenys exilirhina Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys fairchildi Brown, 1961
  • Strumigenys fanano Fisher
  • Strumigenys faurei Arnold, 1948
  • Strumigenys fautrix
  • Strumigenys feae Emery, 1895
  • Strumigenys ferocior Brown, 1973
  • Strumigenys finator Fisher
  • Strumigenys forficata Brown, 1959
  • Strumigenys formosensis Forel, 1912
  • Strumigenys friedae Forel, 1915
  • Strumigenys frivaldszkyi Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys fronto Fisher
  • Strumigenys gerardi
  • Strumigenys glanduscula Sant.
  • Strumigenys glenognatha (Bolton, 2000)
  • Strumigenys glycon Fisher
  • Strumigenys godeffroyi Mayr, 1866
  • Strumigenys godmani Forel, 1899
  • Strumigenys gorgon Fisher
  • Strumigenys grandidieri Forel, 1892
  • Strumigenys gundlachi
  • Strumigenys gunter Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
  • Strumigenys guttulata Forel, 1902
  • Strumigenys hadrodens (Bolton, 2000)
  • Strumigenys hastyla Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys havilandi Forel, 1905
  • Strumigenys heliani Fisher
  • Strumigenys helytruga Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys hemichlaena Brown, 1971
  • Strumigenys hemidisca Brown, 1953
  • Strumigenys hilaris Fisher
  • Strumigenys hindenburgi Forel, 1915
  • Strumigenys hirsuta Tang, Pierce & Guénard, 2019
  • Strumigenys hispida Lin & Wu, 1996
  • Strumigenys hoplites Brown, 1973
  • Strumigenys horvathi Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys hubbewatyorum Booher, Prebus & Lubertazzi, 2019
  • Strumigenys humata Lattke & Goitia, 1997
  • Strumigenys inatos Fisher
  • Strumigenys indigatrix Wheeler, 1919
  • Strumigenys insolita Bolton
  • Strumigenys insula (Bolton, 2000)
  • Strumigenys interfectiva Lattke & Goitia, 1997
  • Strumigenys ipsea Fisher
  • Strumigenys irrorata Santschi, 1913
  • Strumigenys jepsoni Mann, 1921
  • Strumigenys juliae Forel, 1905
  • Strumigenys katapelta Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys khakaura
  • Strumigenys kinomurai Terayama, 2020
  • Strumigenys koningsbergeri Forel, 1905
  • Strumigenys konteiensis Lin & Wu, 2001
  • Strumigenys korahyla Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys kraepelini Forel, 1905
  • Strumigenys kumadori
  • Strumigenys labaris Fisher
  • Strumigenys lacacoca Brown, 1959
  • Strumigenys lacunosa Lin & Wu, 1996
  • Strumigenys lalassa
  • Strumigenys lamia Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys langrandi Fisher
  • Strumigenys lantaui Tang, Pierce & Guénard, 2019
  • Strumigenys lanuginosa Wheeler, 1905
  • Strumigenys levana Fisher
  • Strumigenys lewisi Cameron, 1886
  • Strumigenys lexex Fisher
  • Strumigenys lichaensis Lin & Wu, 1996
  • Strumigenys lichiaensis
  • Strumigenys liukueiensis Terayama & Kubota, 1989
  • Strumigenys livens
  • Strumigenys lojanensis Lattke & Aguirre, 2015
  • Strumigenys londianensis (Patrizi, 1946)
  • Strumigenys longispinosa Brown, 1958
  • Strumigenys lopotyle Brown, 1969
  • Strumigenys loriae Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys louisianae Roger, 1863
  • Strumigenys luca Fisher
  • Strumigenys lucky Booher, 2021
  • Strumigenys lucomo Fisher
  • Strumigenys ludia Mann, 1922
  • Strumigenys lura Fisher
  • Strumigenys lutron Fisher
  • Strumigenys lyroessa (Roger, 1862)
  • Strumigenys lysis Fisher
  • Strumigenys macgowni Booher, 2021
  • Strumigenys mailei Wilson & Taylor, 1967
  • Strumigenys mandibularis Smith, 1860
  • Strumigenys manga Fisher
  • Strumigenys margarita
  • Strumigenys marginiventris Santschi, 1931
  • Strumigenys marleyi Arnold, 1914
  • Strumigenys maxillaris Baroni Urbani, 2007
  • Strumigenys maynei
  • Strumigenys mayri Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys mendezi Booher, 2021
  • Strumigenys mesahyla Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys micrans Fisher
  • Strumigenys micretes Brown, 1959
  • Strumigenys microthrix
  • Strumigenys milae Fisher
  • Strumigenys minutula Terayama & Kubota, 1989
  • Strumigenys mionova Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys mitis (Brown, 2000) Brown, 2000
  • Strumigenys mixta Brown, 1953
  • Strumigenys mjoebergi Brown, 1959
  • Strumigenys moczaryi Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys mokensis Forel, 1905
  • Strumigenys mola Fisher
  • Strumigenys moreauviae Booher, 2021
  • Strumigenys mumfordi Wheeler, 1932
  • Strumigenys murshila Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys myllorhapha
  • Strumigenys nambao Fisher
  • Strumigenys nanzanensis
  • Strumigenys nanzanesis Lin & Wu, 1996
  • Strumigenys nathistorisoc Tang, Pierce & Guénard, 2019
  • Strumigenys nevermanni Brown, 1959
  • Strumigenys nidifex Mann, 1921
  • Strumigenys nigra Brown, 1971
  • Strumigenys nigrescens
  • Strumigenys nimbrata Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys norax Fisher
  • Strumigenys oasis Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
  • Strumigenys odacon Fisher
  • Strumigenys ogloblini Santschi, 1936
  • Strumigenys olsoni
  • Strumigenys omalyx Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys opaca Brown, 1954
  • Strumigenys orchudensis Lin & Wu, 2001
  • Strumigenys origo Fisher
  • Strumigenys pallestes Bolton, 1971
  • Strumigenys paniaguae
  • Strumigenys panopla Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys paradoxa
  • Strumigenys paranax Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys paranetes Brown, 1988
  • Strumigenys pariensis Lattke & Goitia, 1997
  • Strumigenys parzival Sarnat, Garcia, Dudley, Liu, Fischer & Economo, 2019
  • Strumigenys perdita
  • Strumigenys pergandei Emery, 1895
  • Strumigenys perparva Brown, 1958
  • Strumigenys perplexa (Smith, 1876)
  • Strumigenys petiolata Bernard, 1953
  • Strumigenys peyrierasi Fisher
  • Strumigenys philiporum Brown, 1988
  • Strumigenys phytibia Brown, 1957
  • Strumigenys pilosula de Andrade, 2007
  • Strumigenys planeti Brown, 1953
  • Strumigenys poinari Baroni Urbani & de Andrade, 2007
  • Strumigenys precava Brown, 1954
  • Strumigenys pretoriae Arnold, 1949
  • Strumigenys princeps Kempf & Brown, 1969
  • Strumigenys probatrix
  • Strumigenys producta Brown, 1953
  • Strumigenys prospiciens Emery, 1906
  • Strumigenys pulchella Emery, 1895
  • Strumigenys quinquedentata Crawley, 1923
  • Strumigenys rabesoni Fisher
  • Strumigenys rallarhina Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys ravola Fisher
  • Strumigenys raymondi Donisthorpe
  • Strumigenys rectidens Brown, 1966
  • Strumigenys rehi Forel, 1907
  • Strumigenys relahyla Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys rogata
  • Strumigenys rogeri Emery, 1890
  • Strumigenys rotogenys Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys rubigus Fisher
  • Strumigenys rufobrunea Santschi, 1914
  • Strumigenys rukha Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys saliens Mayr, 1887
  • Strumigenys sanctipauli Kempf, 1958
  • Strumigenys sarissa Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys sauteri (Forel, 1912)
  • Strumigenys scelesta Mann, 1921
  • Strumigenys schmalzi Emery, 1906
  • Strumigenys schuetzi Fisher
  • Strumigenys schulzi Emery, 1894
  • Strumigenys scotti Forel, 1912
  • Strumigenys serket
  • Strumigenys seti
  • Strumigenys shaula Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys signeae Forel, 1905
  • Strumigenys silvestrii Emery, 1906
  • Strumigenys simoni
  • Strumigenys sisyrata Brown, 1968
  • Strumigenys smithii Forel, 1886
  • Strumigenys smythiesii Forel, 1902
  • Strumigenys solifontis Brown, 1949
  • Strumigenys spathoda Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys spathula Lattke & Goitia, 1997
  • Strumigenys spec Forel, 1913
  • Strumigenys sphera Fisher
  • Strumigenys stauroma
  • Strumigenys stemonixys Brown, 1971
  • Strumigenys stygia Santschi, 1913
  • Strumigenys sublaminata Brown, 1959
  • Strumigenys sublonga Brown, 1958
  • Strumigenys subterranea Brassard, Leong & Guénard, 2020
  • Strumigenys subtilis Booher, 2021
  • Strumigenys superstes Booher & Uhey, 2020
  • Strumigenys sydorata Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys sylvaini Fisher
  • Strumigenys szalayi Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys tachirensis Lattke & Goitia, 1997
  • Strumigenys takasago (Terayama, Lin & Wu, 1995)
  • Strumigenys tegar Fisher
  • Strumigenys tetraphanes Brown, 1954
  • Strumigenys thomae Kempf, 1976
  • Strumigenys tigris Brown, 1971
  • Strumigenys timicala
  • Strumigenys tisiphone Bolton, 2000
  • Strumigenys tococae Wheeler & Bequaert, 1929
  • Strumigenys toma Fisher
  • Strumigenys totyla Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys trada Lin & Wu, 1996
  • Strumigenys traegaordhi Santschi, 1913
  • Strumigenys trieces
  • Strumigenys trinidadensis Wheeler, 1922
  • Strumigenys trudifera Kempf & Brown, 1969
  • Strumigenys uelensis
  • Strumigenys uichancoi Brown, 1957
  • Strumigenys ulcerosa Brown, 1954
  • Strumigenys usbensis Lattke & Goitia, 1997
  • Strumigenys vazerka Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys vazimba Fisher
  • Strumigenys victrix
  • Strumigenys waiwai (Sosa-Calvo, Schultz & LaPolla, 2010)
  • Strumigenys wallacei Emery, 1897
  • Strumigenys wardi Fisher
  • Strumigenys wheeleri Mann, 1921
  • Strumigenys wilsoni Brown, 1969
  • Strumigenys xenohyla Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys xenos Brown, 1955
  • Strumigenys yaleopleura Brown, 1988
  • Strumigenys yasumatsui Brown, 1971
  • Strumigenys zakharovi Dlussky, 1993
  • Strumigenys zandala Bolton, 1983
  • Strumigenys zemi Booher, Prebus & Lubertazzi, 2019
归入本属的物种：
  • Epitritus clypeatus Emery, 1869
  • Epitritus mandibularis Emery, 1869
  • Epitritus marginatus Emery, 1869
  • Pentastruma sauteri Forel, 1912

參考文獻
  1. Bolton, B. . AntCat. 2014 [23 July 2014].
  2. Barry Bolton. . [2020-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-08）.
  3. Wilson EO. . Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 1953, 46: 479-495.
  4. Australian Ants Online: Genus Strumigenys （页面存档备份，存于）
  5. Wetterer JK. (PDF). Myrmecological News. 2011, 14: 129-135.

外部連結
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