1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
28 February – 11 March 1957
All 126 seats in the Kerala Legislative Assembly
64 seats needed for a majority
Turnout65.49%
  First party Second party
 
Leader E. M. S. Namboodiripad P. T. Chacko
Party CPI INC
Leader's seat Nileshwaram Vazhoor
Seats won 60 43
Popular vote 20,59,547 22,09,251
Percentage 35.28% 37.85%
Chief Minister before election

Position established

 Chief Minister

E. M. S. Namboodiripad
Communist Party of India

The Kerala Legislative Assembly election of 1957 was the first assembly election in the Indian state of Kerala. The Communist Party of India won the election with 60 seats. The election led to the formation of first democratically elected communist government in India.[1]

State Reorganization

On 1 November 1956, under the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Kerala was formed by the merger of Travancore-Cochin state with the Malabar district (including Fort Cochin and the Laccadive Islands) of Madras State, Kasaragod taluk of the South Canara district and the Amindive Islands. The southern part of Travancore-Cochin, the five taluks of Agastheeswaram, Thovala, Kalkulam, Vilavahcode, and Shencotta, were transferred from Travancore-Cochin to the Madras State.[2] After the reorganization, the assembly constituencies increased from 106 with 117 seats in 1954 to 114 with 126 seats in 1957.

Background

Following the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the Malabar District of Madras state merged with Travancore-Cochin to form the new state of Kerala on 1 November 1956. The merger helped the Communist Party of India to increase their base in the region.[3] The ruling Indian National Congress lost the prominence due to the factionalism within the party. Furthermore, communalism and struggles against feudalism played a major role.[3][4]

Election

The Election Commission of India conducted elections to the newly created state between 28 February – 11 March 1957.[5] The elections were held to the 126 seats (114 constituencies) including 12 two member constituencies of which 11 and one reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes respectively, in which 406 candidates were contested. The voter turnout was 65.49%.[6]

Results

The result of the elections listed below:

Summary of results of the 1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election[7]
PartyFlagSeats
Contested		Won % of
Seats		 VotesVote %Vote % in
contested seats
Indian National Congress INC_Flag_Official 1244334.132,209,25137.8538.1
Communist Party of India 1016047.622,059,54735.2840.57
Praja Socialist Party 6597.14628,26110.7617.48
Revolutionary Socialist Party 280188,5533.2311.12
Independent politician 861411.11751,96512.88N/A
Total seats126Voters89,13,247Turnout58,37,577 (65.49%)

In the election, five women candidates were elected out of nine candidates.[6][8]

By Constituency

Assembly Constituency Winner Runner
No. Constituency Name Category Name Party Vote Name Party Vote
1ParassalaGENKunjukrishnan Nadar M. INC16,742Krishna Pillai K PSP8,338
2NeyyattinkaraGENJanardhanan Nair O. CPI18,812Krishna Pillai N. K. PSP16,558
3VilappilGENSreedhar G. Ponnara PSP18,221Surendranath K. V. CPI14,278
4NemomGENSadasivan A. CPI15,998Viswambharan P. PSP14,159
5Trivandrum IGENEapan E. P. PSP15,466Krishnan Nair K. Independent13,418
6Trivandrum IIGENThanu Pillai A. PSP21,816Anirudhan K. CPI17,082
7UllurGENSreedharan V. CPI16,904Alikunju Sastri M. PSP14,182
8ArianadGENBalakrishna Pillai R. CPI16,728Kesavan Nair R. INC6,987
9NedumangadGENNeelakandaru Pandarathil N. CPI20,553Somasekharan Nair K PSP7,888
10AttingalGENPrakasam R. CPI24,328Gopala Pillai PSP11,151
11Varkala(SC)Abdul Majeed T. A. CPI41,683Sivadasan K. CPI31,454
12EravipuramGENRaveendran CPI19,122Kunju Sankara Pillai V. PSP8,762
13QuilonGENA. A. Rahim INC20,367Divakaran T. K RSP12,571
14Thrikkadavur(SC)Karunakaran K. CPI33,782T. Krishnan INC32,596
15KarunagappallyGENKunjukrishnan P. INC13,709P. K. Kunju PSP13,063
16KrishnapuramGENKarthikeyan G. CPI23,963Sekhara Panicker K. INC14,493
17KayamkulamGENAysha Bai K. O. CPI27,067Sarojini INC13,138
18KarthigapallyGENSugathan R. CPI20,978Velu Pillai G. INC14,887
19HaripadGENRamakrishna Pillai V. Independent20,184K. Balagangadharan INC15,812
20MavelikaraGENKunjachan P. K. CPI44,630K. C. George CPI39,617
21Kunnathur(SC)Madhavan Pillai P. R. CPI41,569Govindan R. CPI37,321
22Kottarakkara(SC)Chandrasekharan Nair E. CPI23,298Ramachandran Nair K. INC14,307
23ChadayamangalamGENBhargavan K. CPI19,375Abdul Majeed M. PSP9,143
24PathanapuramGENRajagopalan Nair CPI24,499Kuttan Pillai K. INC14,440
25PunalurGENGopalan P. CPI20,455Kunjuraman Assan K. INC16,366
26RanniGENIdicula INC23,308Thomas Mathew Independent20,722
27PathanamthittaGENBhaskara Pillai P. CPI29,001Chacko (Geevarghese) N. G. INC21,353
28AranmulaGENGopinathan Pillai K. INC18,895Vasudevan N. C. CPI18,630
29KalloopparaGENM. M. Mathai INC17,874N. T. George CPI10,843
30ThiruvallaGENG. Padmanabhan Thampi CPI22,978Kuruvila Thomas T. INC20,347
31ChengannurGENSankaranarayanan Thampi R. CPI19,538Saraswathi Amma K. INC13,546
32AlleppeyGENThomas T. V. CPI26,542Nafeesa Beevi A. INC22,278
33MararikulamGENSadasivan C. G. CPI28,153Joseph Mathen INC18,350
34SherthalaGENK. R. Gouri CPI26,088A. Subramonian Pillai INC22,756
35AroorGENP. S. Karthikeyan INC23,956Avira Tharakan Independent22,296
36ThakazhiGENThomas John INC21,940Varghese Vaidlian T. K. CPI16,480
37ChanganacherryGENKalyanakrishnan Nair M. CPI22,539Raghavan Pillai P. INC19,693
38VazhoorGENChacko P. T. INC20,102Raghava Kurup N. CPI20,022
39KanjirappallyGENThomas K. T. INC14,896Joseph PSP12,893
40PuthuppallyGENP. C. Cherian INC20,396George E. M. CPI19,000
41KottayamGENBhaskaran Nair P. CPI23,021Govindhan Nair M. P. INC20,750
42EttumanoorGENJoseph George INC21,423Gopala Pillai C. S. CPI19,930
43MeenachilGENJoseph P. M. INC20,126Thomas Mathai Independent13,462
44VaikomGENK. R. Narayanan INC25,818C. K. Viswanathan CPI25,164
45KaduthuruthyGENM. C. Abraham INC22,365Kurian Kurian Independent13,552
46RamamangalamGENE. P. Poulose INC20,086Parameswaran Nair CPI13,588
47MuvattupuzhaGENK. M. George INC16,820Kuruvilla Mattai (Mathew) CPI14,993
48Devicolam(SC)Rosamma Punnose CPI33,809Ganapathy N. INC31,887
Bye Polls in 1958Bye Polls in 1958R. PunnoseCOM55,819B. Nair INC48,730
49ThodupuzhaGENMathew C. A. INC22,149Narayanan Nair K CPI11,680
50KarikodeGENKusuman Joseph INC14,669Augustine Ouseph Independent12,084
51PoonjarGENThomman T. A. INC21,279Chacko Vallikkappan (Jocob) CPI9,045
52PuliyannurGENK. M. Joseph Chazhicatt PSP18,605Chandy INC17,915
53PalluruthyGENAlexander Parambithar INC23,666Gangadharan P. CPI19,848
54MattancherryGENViswanathan K. K. INC19,106Aboo T. M CPI13,046
55NarakkalGENK. C. Abraham INC24,253K. K. Ramakrishnan CPI22,321
56ErnakulamGENJacob A. L. INC23,857V. Ramankutty Menon CPI18,172
57KanayannurGENRamakrishnan T. K. CPI21,292Joseph A. V. INC17,506
58AlwayeGENT. O. Bava INC23,707Varkey M. C. Independent21,142
59PerumbavoorGENGovinda Pillai P. CPI21,679K. A. Damodara Menon INC20,780
60KothakulangaraGENAnthony M. A. INC24,133A. P. Kurian CPI15,246
61ParurGENSivan Pillai N. CPI19,997K. I. Mathew INC17,909
62VadakkekaraGENBalan K. A. CPI23,385Vijayan K. R. INC17,844
63CranganoreGENE. Gopalakrishna Menon CPI20,385Kunju Moideen A. K. INC18,894
64Chalakkudy(SC)P. K. Chathan CPI43,454C. J. Jenardhanan PSP42,997
65IrinjalakudaGENAchutha Menon C. CPI24,140K. T. Achuthan INC21,480
66ManalurGENMundassery Joseph CPI23,350Sukumaran INC21,355
67TrichurGENA. R. Menon Independent23,531Karunakaran K. INC21,045
68OllurGENParanchu R. INC15,994Raghavan V. CPI15,915
69KunnamkulamGENKrishnan T. K. CPI21,161Velayudhan K. I. INC18,788
70Wadakkanchery(SC)Ayyappan C. C. CPI33,161Kochukuttan K INC28,895
71NattikaGENAchuthan K. S. INC23,594Gopalakrishnan P. K. CPI22,039
72GuruvayoorGENKoru Kooliyat Independent16,722Abubaker M. V. INC14,087
73AndathoduGENKolady Govindan Kutty Menon CPI14,229Karunakara Menon K. G. INC12,495
74Ponnani(SC)Kunhambu Kallayan INC22,784Kunhan Eliyath Tharayil CPI20,535
75KuzhalmannamGENJohn Kuduvakkotte Independent19,437Kesava Menon T.P. INC14,689
76AlathurGENKrishnan R. CPI19,203Vaitheeswara Iyer P. S. INC13,317
77Chittur(SC)Balachandra Menon P. CPI23,995Eacharan K. INC22,062
78ElapullyGENRamankutty A. K. CPI16,768Sankaran C. C. INC11,560
79PalghatGENRaghava Menon R. INC14,873Kunhiraman M. P. CPI14,248
80ParliGENNarayanakutty C. K. CPI21,627Gopalakrishnan Nair K. INC13,996
81MannarghatGENKrishna Menon K. CPI13,375Kochunny Nair K. C. INC9,665
82PerinthalmannaGENGovindan Nambiar CPI13,248Pookoya Thangal Haji P. V. Independent9,398
83OttapalamGENKunhunni Nayar CPI16,157Sundara Iyer N. INC15,248
84PattambiGENGopalan Erasseri Patinharethil CPI17,447Padamanabha Menon K. P. INC9,793
85MankadaGENMohammad Kodur Valia Peedikakkal Independent11,854Mohammad Malavattath INC8,338
86TirurGENMoideenkutty Hajee K. Independent15,404Alikutty P. P. INC13,231
87TanurGENMuhammed Koya C. H. Independent16,787Assanar Kutty T. INC11,520
88KuttippuramGENAhamedkutty C. Independent15,495Moideenkutty P. K. INC10,424
89ThirurangadyGENAyukkadarkutty Nahak Independent17,622Kunhalikutty Haji A. INC16,670
90MalappuramGENHassan Gani K. Independent17,214Saidalavi P. INC12,243
91Manjeri(SC)Ummer Koya P. P. INC30,860Chadayan M. Independent29,101
92KondottyGENAhammad Kurikkal M. P. M. Independent18,981Abubakar Kolakadan INC11,866
93Kozhikode IGENSarada Krishnan INC17,388Manjunatha Rao H. CPI16,079
94Kozhikode I IGENKumaran P. INC18,586E. Janardhanan Independent11,211
95ChevayurGENBalagopalan A. INC20,683Raghavan Nair CPI17,319
96KunnamangalamGENLeela Damodara Menon INC13,598Chathunni Ottayil K. CPI11,814
97KoduvallyGENGopalankutty Nair M. INC19,377Muhammedkutty C. Independent15,950
98BalusseriGENNarayana Kurup M. PSP15,789Raghavan Nair E. INC11,536
99QuilandyGENKunhiraman Nambiar PSP19,668Achuthan Nair P. INC16,622
100PerambraGENKumaran Madathil CPI17,838Madhavan Nair T K. INC15,827
101BadagaraGENKelu Mandoti Kuniyil CPI17,123Krishnan PSP15,448
102NadapuramGENKanaran C. H. CPI18,533Kunhammad Haji V. K. INC15,177
103Wynad(SC)Kunjikrishnan Nair N. K. INC31,993Madura INC29,296
104KuthuparambaGENRamunny Kurup PSP21,540Madhavan P. K. CPI14,858
105MattannurGENBalaram N. E. CPI23,540Kunhiraman Nair INC13,089
106TellicherryGENKrishna Iyer V. R. Independent27,318Kunhiraman P. INC15,234
107Cannanore IGENKannan Chaliyoth CPI17,464Gopalan Othayoth INC17,413
108Cannanore IIGENGopalan K. P. CPI21,493Madhavan Pamban INC18,776
109MadayiGENGopalan Nambiar K. P. R. CPI24,390T. Narayanan Nambiar INC12,169
110RikkurGENNarayanan Nambiar T. C. CPI24,518Narayanan Nambissan INC11,052
111Nileswar(SC)Kallalan CPI44,754Namboodiripad E. M. S. CPI38,090
112HosdrugGENChandraskharan K. PSP14,150Madhavan K. CPI11,209
113KasaragodGENKunhikrishan Nair Cheripady INC10,290Narayanan Nambiar PSP10,096
114ManjeshwarGENM. Umesh Rao IndependentUncontested

[9]

Government formation

Communist Party of India formed the government with the support of five independents.[10] On 5 April 1957, E. M. S. Namboodiripad became the chief minister of Kerala and first non–Congress chief minister of the country (PSP ruled Travencore Cochin state before). But the government was dismissed in 1959 by the central government following the Liberation Struggle.[11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ James Manor (1994). Nehru to the Nineties: The Changing Office of Prime Minister in India. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 210. ISBN 978-1-85065-180-2.
  2. ↑ "Reorganisation of States, 1955" (PDF). The Economic Weekly. 15 October 1955. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
  3. 1 2 P Radhakrishnan. Peasant Struggles, Land Reforms and Social Change: Malabar 1836–1982. Radhakrishnan. p. 71. ISBN 978-1-906083-16-8.
  4. ↑ Communal Road to a Secular Kerala. Concept Publishing Company. 1 January 1989. p. 145. ISBN 978-81-7022-282-8.
  5. ↑ "History of Kerala Legislature". kerala.gov.in. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  6. 1 2 "Key highlights of General election, 1957 to the legislative assembly of Kerala" (pdf). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  7. ↑ "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Kerala". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  8. ↑ "Only 7 women make it to Kerala state Assembly". Economic Times. 16 May 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
  9. ↑ "Kerala Assembly Election Results in 1957". www.elections.in. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
  10. ↑ Thomas Johnson Nossiter (1 January 1982). Communism in Kerala: A Study in Political Adaptation. University of California Press. pp. 122–123. ISBN 978-0-520-04667-2.
  11. ↑ "Fresh light on 'Liberation Struggle'". The Hindu. 12 February 2008. Archived from the original on 2 March 2008. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.