1994 in paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1994.

Plants

Conifers

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type locality	Location	Notes
Diploporus^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	Fossil Yew Genus, type species D. torreyoides
Taxus masonii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	Fossil Yew species
Torreya clarnensis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	Fossil nutmeg yew species

Angiosperms

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Actinidia oregonensis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Kiwi species
Alangium eydei^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A dogwood species
Alangium rotundicarpum^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A dogwood species
Ampelocissus auriforma^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A vitaceous species
Ampelocissus scottii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A vitaceous species
Ampelopsis rooseae^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A vitaceous species
Anamirta leiocarpa^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed species
Ankistrosperma^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species A. spitzerae
Anonaspermum bonesii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A custard apple relative
Anonaspermum rotundum^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A custard apple relative
Anonymocarpa^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species A. ovoidea
Aphananthe maii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A cannabaceous species
Ascosphaera^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species A. eocenis
Atriaecarpum clarnense^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed species
Axinosperma^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species A. agnostum
Bonesia^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species B. spatulata
Bumelia? globosa^[2]	Sp nov	jr synonym	(Manchester) Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A lardizabalaceous species; Moved to Sargentodoxa globosa in 1999^[3]
Bursericarpum oregonense^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A torchwood family species
Calycocarpum crassicrustae^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed species
Castanopsis crepetii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A chinkapin species
Celtis burnhamae^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A cannabaceous species
Cleyera grotei^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A pentaphylacaceous species
Comicilabium^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	An icacinaceous relative. type species C. atkinsii.
Comminicarpa^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species C. friisae
Cornus clarnensis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A dogwood species
Coryloides^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A hazelnut relative, Type species C. hancockii
Cuneisemen^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species C. truncatum
Curvitinospora^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed relative. Type species C. formanii
Davisicarpum limacioides^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed species.
Dentisemen^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species D. parvum
Deviacer^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A milkwort genus.^[4] Type species D. wolfei
Diploclisia auriformis^[2]	Comb nov	jr synonym	(Hollick) Manchester	Paleocene/Eocene	"King Salmon Lake flora"	USA Alaska	A moonseed species. Moved from Carpolithes auriformis (1936) Moved to Stephania auriformis in 2018^[5]
Durocarpus^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species D. cordatus
Emmenopterys dilcheri^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A rubiaceous species.
Eohypserpa scottii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed species.
Eucommia constans^[6]	Sp nov	valid	Magallón-Puebl & Cevallos-Ferriz	Miocene - Pleistocene	Pié de Vaca Formation	Mexico	Youngest Eucommia sp. in North America.
Ferrignocarpus^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species F. bivalvis
Fimbrialata^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species F. wingii
Fortunearites^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A witch-hazel relative, type species F. endressii
Fragarites^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species F. ramificans
Globulicarpium^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species G. levigatum
Hexacarpellites^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species H. hallii
Hydrangea knowltonii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Hydrangea species.
Joejonesia^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species J. globosa
lodes chandlerae^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	An icacinaceous species.
Iodicarpa^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	An icacinaceous relative. type species I. parvum, includes I. lenticularis
Kardiasperma^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A hazelnut relative, type species K. parvum
Laurocalyx wheelerae^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A laural relative
Laurocarpum hancockii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A laural relative
Laurocarpum nutbedensis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A laural relative
Laurocarpum raisinoides^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A laural relative
Lignicarpus^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species L. crassimuri
Ligniglobus^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species L. sinuosifibrae
Lindera clarnensis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A spicebush
Lunaticarpa^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species L. curvistriata
Magnolia muldoonae^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Magnolia species
Magnolia paroblonga^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Magnolia species
Magnolia tiffneyi^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Magnolia species
Mastixicarpum occidentale^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Tupelo relative
Meliosma beusekomii^[2]	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A sabiaceous species.
Meliosma bonesii^[2]	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A sabiaceous species.
Meliosma elongicarpa^[2]	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A sabiaceous species.
Meliosma leptocarpa^[2]	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A sabiaceous species.
Microphallus^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species M. perplexus
Nephrosemen^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species N. reticulatus
Nyssa scottii^[2]	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Tupelo relative
Nyssa spatulata^[2]	Comb nov	valid	(Scott) Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Tupelo, new comb for Palaeonyssa spatulata Scott, 1954
Omsicarpium^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species O. striatum
Palaeoallophylus globosa^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A soapberry species.
Palaeoallophylus gordonii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A soapberry species.
Paleopanax^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A ginseng genus, type species P. oregonensis
Paleoplatycarya? hickeyi^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Platycarya relative species.
Parthenocissus clarnensis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A vitaceous species
Pasternackia^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. pusilla
Pentoperculum^[2]	Gen et comb nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	London Clay	UK England	A Sumac relative. A new genus for Dracontomelon minimus (Reid & Chandler, 1933)
Pileosperma^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. minutum, also includes P. ovatum
Pistachioides^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. striata
Platanus hirticarpa^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A platanaceous Infructescence species.
Polygrana nutbedense^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. dictyum
Polygrana^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. nutbedense
Prunus olsonii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A cherry/plum species.
Prunus weinsteinii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A cherry/plum species.
Pteronepelys^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. wehrii	Pteronepelys wehrii
Pulvinisperma^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. minutum
Pyrenacantha occidentalis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	An icacinaceous species.
Pyrisemen^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. attenuatum
Quintacava^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species Q. velosida
Rhus rooseae^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Sumac species
Sabia prefoetida^[2]	Comb nov	valid	(Becker) Manchester	Late Eocene	Ruby flora	USA Montana	A sabiaceous species. Moved from Symplocarpus prefoetidus Becker 1969
Sambucuspermites^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. rugulosus
Saxifragispermum tetragonalis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A willow relative
Scabraecarpium^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. clarnense
Scalaritheca^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. biseriata
Scaphicarpium^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. radiatum
Schisandra oregonensis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A magnolia vine species.
Sphaerosperma^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. riesii
Sphenosperma^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. baccatum
Stockeycarpa^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. globosa
Striatisperma^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. coronapunctatum
Symplocos nooteboomii^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A Symplocaceae species.
Tanyoplatanus^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A platanaceous Infructescence genus. Type species T. cranei.
Tapiscia occidentalis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A tapisciaceous species
Tenuisperma^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. ellipticum
Tiffneycarpa^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. scleroidea
Tinomiscoidea occidentalis^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed species
Tinospora elongata^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed species
Thanikaimonia^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed genus. Type species T. geniculata.
Tinospora hardmanae^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A moonseed species
Trema nucilecta^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A cannabaceous species
Trigonostela^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. oregonensis
Tripartisemen^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. bonesii
Triplascapha^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. collinsonae
Triplexivalva^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. rugata
Trisepticarpium^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. minutum
Truncatisemen^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. sapotoides
Ulospermum^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species U. hardingae
Wheelera^[2]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species W. lignicrusta
Vitis tiffneyi^[2]	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	USA Oregon	A vitaceous species

Arthropods

Insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Acanthognathus poinari^[7]	Sp nov	Valid	Baroni Urbani & De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	first fossil Acanthognathus species
Aeshna andancensis^[8]	Sp nov	Valid	Nel & Brisac	Turolian	Montagne d'Andance	France	An Aeshna dragonfly	Aeshna andancensis
Aeshna cerdanica^[8]	Sp nov	Valid	Nel & Martínez-Delclòs	Vallesian	Bellver de Cerdanya	Spain	An Aeshna dragonfly	Aeshna cerdanica
Aeschnophlebia miocenica^[8]	Sp nov	Valid	Nel & Escuillé	Turolian	Montagne d'Andance	France	An Aeschnophlebia dragonfly	Aeschnophlebia miocenica
Anochetus ambiguus^[9]	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	A ponerin ant	Anochetus ambiguus
Anochetus conisquamis^[9]	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	A ponerin ant	Anochetus conisquamis
Anochetus dubius^[9]	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	A ponerin ant	Anochetus dubius
Anochetus exstinctus^[9]	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	A ponerin ant	Anochetus exstinctus
Anochetus intermedius^[9]	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	A ponerin ant	Anochetus intermedius
Anochetus lucidus^[9]	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber	Dominican Republic	A ponerin ant	Anochetus lucidus
Calopteryx andancensis	Sp nov	Valid	Nel & Brisac	Turolian^[8]	Montagne d'Andance	France	A Calopteryx damselfly	Calopteryx andancensis
Dlusskyidris^[10]	Gen et comb nov.	Valid	Bolton	Santonian	Taimyr amber	Russia	A Sphecomyrminae ant. a new genus for Palaeomyrmex zherichini Dlussky 1975.	Palaeomyrmex zherichini
Forficula paleoligura^[11]	Sp nov	Valid	Nel, Albouy, Caussanel, & Jamet	Oligocene		France	An earwig	Forficula paleoligura
Odontomachus pseudobauri^[9]	Sp nov.	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican Amber	Dominican Republic	A myrmicin ant	Odontomachus pseudobauri
Odontomachus spinifer^[9]	Sp nov.	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican Amber	Dominican Republic	A myrmicin ant	Odontomachus spinifer
Protoaristenymphes^[12]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Nel & Henrotay	Toarcian		Luxembourg	A Mesochrysopid lacewing, type species P. bascharagensis	Protoaristenymphes bascharagensis
Sympecma incerta^[13]	Comb. nov	Valid	Piton	Piacenzian	Lake Chambon	France	A Lestid damselfly, new combination for Lestes incertus	Sympecma incerta

Molluscs

Bivalves

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Fordilla germanica^[14]	sp nov	Valid	Elicki	Early Cambrian	Zwetau Formation	Germany	early Cambrian bivalve species

Fishes

Newly named bony fishes

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Megalocoelacanthus^[15]	Gen. et sp. nov	valid	Schwimmer, Stewart & Williams	late Santonian to mid-Campanian	Blufftown Formation Niobrara Formation	United States	A latimeriid coelacanth.^[16] The type species is M. dobiei.

Archosauromorphs

Aff. Rebbachisaurus gastroliths documented.^[17]
The "Talkeetna Mountains Hadrosaur" specimen was discovered in a quarry being excavated for road material.^[18] The quarry is near the Glenn Highway, approximately 150 miles northeast of Anchorage.^[19] That fall, excavation began, and was resumed in the summer of 1996.^[18]

Newly named pseudosuchians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Galtonia^[20]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Hunt & Lucas	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	New Oxford Formation	United States	A relative of Revueltosaurus.
Pekinosaurus^[20]	Gen et sp nov	Junior synonym	Hunt & Lucas	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	Cumnock Formation	United States	A junior synonym of Revueltosaurus.

Newly named basal dinosauromorphs

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Marasuchus^[21]	Gen et comb nov	Valid	Sereno & Arcucci	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Chañares Formation	Argentina	A basal dinosauriform; new genus for "Lagosuchus" liloensis Romer (1972).	Marasuchus liloenisis

Newly named dinosaurs

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.^[22]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Afrovenator^[23]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Sereno, Wilson, Larsson, Dutheil, & Sues		Tiourarén Formation	Niger		Afrovenator abakensis
Alwalkeria^[24]	Gen et comb nov	Valid	Chatterjee & Creisler		Maleri Formation	India		Alwalkeria
Alxasaurus^[25]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Russell & Dong			Mongolia		Alxasaurus
“Amphicoelicaudia”		nomen nudum	Cheng			China	described as Huabeisaurus allocotus in 2000	Huabeisaurus allocotus
Caenagnathasia^[26]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Currie, Godfrey, & Nesov	Turonian - Coniacian	Bissekty Formation	Uzbekistan		Caenagnathasia martinsoni
Cryolophosaurus^[27]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Hammer & Hickerson	Pliensbachian	Hanson Formation	Antarctica		Cryolophosaurus
Koparion^[28]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Chure	Kimmeridgian	Morrison Formation	USA ( Utah)
Monolophosaurus^[29]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Zhao & Currie	Bathonian - Callovian	Shishugou Formation	China		Monolophosaurus jiangi
Mymoorapelta^[30]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Kirkland & Carpenter	Kimmeridgian - Tithonian	Morrison Formation	USA ( Colorado)		Mymoorapelta maysi
Pelecanimimus^[31]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Perez-Moreno, Sanz, Buscalioni, Moratalla, Ortega, & Rasskin-Gutman	Barremian	Calizas de La Huérguina Formation	Spain		Pelecanimimus
Phuwiangosaurus^[32]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Martin, Buffetaut, & Suteethorn	Valanginian - Hauterivian	Sao Khua Formation	Thailand		Phuwiangosaurus
Sinornithoides^[33]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Russell & Dong	Aptian - Albian	Ejinhoro Formation	China		Sinornithoides youngi
Sinraptor^[34]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Currie & Zhao	Late Jurassic	Shishugou Formation	China		Sinraptor dongi
Timimus^[35]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Rich & Vickers-Rich	Albian	Eumeralla Formation	Australia		Timimus hermani
“Tonouchisaurus”		nomen nudum	Barsbold		early Cretaceous	Mongolia
Yingshanosaurus^[36]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Zhou	Kimmeridgian	Shaximiao Formation	China

Birds

Name	Status	Novelty	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Berruornis ^[37]	Valid	Gen et sp nov.	Mourer-Chauviré	Late Paleocene		France	A Strigidae. Type species B. orbisantiqui
Bubo osvaldoi ^[38]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Arredondo & Olson	?Pleistocene	Cave deposits	Cuba	A Strigidae.
Falco duboisi ^[39]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Cowles	Holocene	Cave deposits	Réunion	A Falconidae.
Mascarenachen ^[39]	jr synonym	Gen et sp nov.	Cowles	Holocene	Réunion	Réunion	An Anatidae, type species M. kervazoi; The species was transferred to Alopochen in 1999.
Mascarenotus grucheti ^[40]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Mourer-Chauviré, Bour, Moutou, & Ribes	Holocene		Réunion	A Strigidae.
Messelastur ^[41]	Valid	Gen et sp nov.	Peters	Middle Eocene	Messel Formation	Germany Hessen	A Messelasturidae, Type species M. gratulator.
Microcarbo serventyorum ^[42]	Valid	Sp. nov.	van Tets	Holocene	peat swamp	Australia Western Australia	A Phalacrocoracidae.
Neuquenornis ^[43]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Chiappe & Calvo	Santonian-Coniacian	Rio Colorado Formation	Argentina	An Avisauridae, Type species N. volans.
Nycticorax borbonensis ^[39]	jr synonym	Sp. nov.	Cowles	Holocene		Réunion	An Ardeidae, junior synonym of Nycticorax duboisi.
Otogornis ^[44]	Valid	Gen et sp nov.	Hou	Early Cretaceous		China Inner Mongolia	A Longirostravidae, type species O. genghisi.
Presbyornis isoni ^[45]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Olson	Late Paleocene	Aquia Formation	USA Maryland	A Presbyornithidae
Puffinus spelaeus ^[46]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Holdaway & Worthy	Late Quaternary	South Island, cave deposits	New Zealand	A Procellariidae.
Stephanoaetus mahery ^[47]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Goodman	Holocene. (Subrecent)	Madagascar	Madagascar	An Accipitridae.
Wanshuina ^[48]	Valid	Gen et sp nov.	Hou	Paleocene	Doumu Formation	China	A Rallidae, type species W. lii

Plesiosaurs

Plesiosaur gastroliths documented.^[49]

New taxa

Name	Status	Authors		Notes
Morturneria	Valid	Chatterjee Creisler

Pterosaurs

New taxa

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Arthurdactylus	Valid	Frey Martill	Early Cretaceous (late Aptian/early Albian)	Crato Formation	Brazil	A pteranodontoid pterosaur.
Montanazhdarcho^[50]	Valid	Padian, K., Horner de Ricqlès, A.J.	Late Cretaceous (Judithian)	Two Medicine Formation	United States	An azhdarchid from Montana.
"Wyomingopteryx"	nomen nudum	Bakker	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)	Morrison Formation	United States
Zhejiangopterus	Valid	Cai, Z. Wei, F.	Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)	Tangshang Formation	China	A Chinese azhdarchid.	Zhejiangopterus

Other diapsids

New taxa

Name	Status	Authors		Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Lucianosaurus^[20]	Valid Non-Dinosaurian Taxon	Hunt	S. G. Lucas	Late Triassic (Norian)	Bull Canyon Formation	United States
Tecovasaurus^[20]	Valid Non-Dinosaurian Taxon	Hunt	S. G. Lucas	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	Tecovas Formation	United States

Footnotes

↑ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 Manchester, S.R. (1994). "Fruits and Seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon". Palaeontographica Americana. 58: 30–31.
↑ Manchester, S. R. (1999). "Biogeographical relationships of North American tertiary floras". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 86 (2): 472–522. doi:10.2307/2666183. JSTOR 2666183.
↑ Myers, J.; Erwin, D. (2015). "Deviacer pidemarmanii sp. nov. (Polygalaceae) from the Late Eocene–Early Oligocene Badger's Nose Paleoflora, Modoc County, California". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 176 (3): 259–268. doi:10.1086/679759. S2CID 84642512.
↑ Han, M.; Manchester, S. R.; Fu, Q.-Y.; Jin, J.-H.; Quan, C. (2018). "Paleogene fossil fruits of Stephania (Menispermaceae) from North America and East Asia". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 56 (2): 81–91. doi:10.1111/jse.12288. S2CID 90749898.
↑ Call, V.B.; Dilcher, D.L. (1997). "The fossil record of Eucommia (Eucommiaceae) in North America". American Journal of Botany. 84 (6): 798–814. doi:10.2307/2445816. JSTOR 2445816. PMID 21708632. S2CID 20464075.
↑ Baroni Urbani, C.; De Andrade, M. L. (1994). "First description of fossil Dacetini ants with a critical analysis of the current classification of the tribe (Amber Collection Stuttgart: Hymenoptera, Formicidae. VI: Dacetini)". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie). 198: 1–65.
1 2 3 4 Nel, A.; Martinez-Delclòs, X.; Escuillé, F; Brisac, P. (1994). "Names; Les Aeshnidae fossiles: Etat actuel des connaissances (Odonata, Anisoptera)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 194 (2/3): 143–186. doi:10.1127/njgpa/194/1994/143. S2CID 247527646.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 De Andrade, M. L. (1994). "Fossil Odontomachiti Ants from the Dominican Republic (Amber Collection Stuttgart: Hymenoptera, Formicidae. VII: Odontomachiti)". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie). 199: 1–28.
↑ Grimaldi, D.; Agosti, D.; Carpenter, J. M. (1997). "New and rediscovered primitive ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Cretaceous amber from New Jersey, and their phylogenetic relationships". American Museum Novitates (3208): 1–43.
↑ Nel, A.; Albouy, V.; Caussanel, C; Jamet, C. (1994). "Réflexion paléo-entomologique sur la systématique des Dermaptères. Quatre nouveaux forficules fossiles de l'Oligocène de Provence (France)". Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France. 99: 253–266. doi:10.3406/bsef.1994.17063. S2CID 131974069.
↑ Nel, A; Henrotay, M. (1994). "Les Chrysopidae Mésozoïques. État actuel des connaissances. Description d'un nouveau genre et nouvelle espèce dans le Jurassique inférieur (Lias) (Insecta: Neuroptera)". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 30: 295–318.
↑ Nel, A.; Paicheler, J.-C. (1994). "Les Lestoidea (Odonata, Zygoptera) fossiles : un inventaire critique". Annales de Paléontologie. 80 (1): 1–59.
↑ Elicki, O.; Gürsu, S. (2009). "First record of Pojetaia runnegari Jell, 1980 and Fordilla Barrande, 1881 from the Middle East (Taurus Mountains, Turkey) and critical review of Cambrian bivalves" (PDF). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 83 (2): 267–291. doi:10.1007/s12542-009-0021-9. S2CID 49380913. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
↑ David R. Schwimmer; J. D. Stewart; G. Dent Williams (1994). "Giant fossil coelacanths of the Late Cretaceous in the eastern United States". Geology. 22 (6): 503–506. Bibcode:1994Geo....22..503S. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0503:gfcotl>2.3.co;2.
↑ Hugo Dutel; John G. Maisey; David R. Schwimmer; Philippe Janvier; Marc Herbin; Gaël Clément (2012). "The Giant Cretaceous Coelacanth (Actinistia, Sarcopterygii) Megalocoelacanthus dobiei Schwimmer, Stewart & Williams, 1994, and Its Bearing on Latimerioidei Interrelationships". PLOS ONE. 7 (11): e49911. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...749911D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049911. PMC 3507921. PMID 23209614.
↑ Calvo (1994). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.
1 2 "Introduction," in Pasche and May (2001); page 220.
↑ "Location and Geologic Setting," in Pasche and May (2001); page 220.
1 2 3 4 Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas. 1994. Ornithischian dinosaurs from the Upper Triassic of the United States. In: the Shadow of the Dinosaurs, Early Mesozoic Tetrapods (N.C. Fraser and H.-D. Sues, Eds.). Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK: pp. 227-241.
↑ Sereno, P.C.; Arcucci, A.B. (1994). "Dinosaur precursors from the Middle Triassic of Argentina: Marasuchus lilloensis gen. nov". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14: 53–73. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011538.
↑ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
↑ Sereno, P.C., J.A. Wilson, H.C.E. Larsson, D.B. Dutheil, H.-D. Sues. 1994. Early Cretaceous dinosaurs from the Sahara. Science 266 (14 October [5183]): pp. 267-271.
↑ Chatterjee, S.; Creisler, B.S. (1994). "Alwalkeria (Theropoda) and Morturneria (Plesiosauria), new names for preoccupied Walkeria Chatterjee, 1987 and Turneria". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14: 142. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011546.
↑ Russell, D.A. and Z.-M. Dong. 1994. The affinities of a new theropod from the Alxa Desert, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30:pp. 2107-2127.
↑ Currie, P.J., S.J. Godfrey, and L. Nesov. 1993 [Olshevsky cites 1994]. New caenagnathid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) specimens from the Upper Cretaceous of North America and Asia. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30: pp. 2255-2272.
↑ Hammer, W.R.; Hickerson, W.J. (1994). "A Crested Theropod Dinosaur from Antarctica". Science. 264 (5160): 828–830. Bibcode:1994Sci...264..828H. doi:10.1126/science.264.5160.828. PMID 17794724. S2CID 38933265.
↑ Chure, D.J. 1994. Koparion douglassi, a new dinosaur from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Dinosaur National Monument; The oldest troodontid (Theropoda: Maniraptora). Brigham Young University Geology Studies 40:pp. 11-15.
↑ Zhao, X.J. and P.J. Currie, P.J. 1994 [not 1993]. A large crested theropod from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, China. Canadian. J. Earth Sci. 30: pp. 2027-2036.
↑ Kirkland, J.I. and K. Carpenter. 1994. North America's First Pre-Cretaceous Ankylosaur (Dinosauria) from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Western Colorado. Brigham Young University Geology Studies 40: pp. 25-42.
↑ Perez-Moreno, B.; Sanz, J.L.; Buscalloni, A.D.; Moratalla, J.J.; Ortega, F.; Rasskin-Gutman, D. (1994). "A unique multitoothed ornithomimosaur dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain". Nature. 370 (6488): 363–367. Bibcode:1994Natur.370..363P. doi:10.1038/370363a0. S2CID 4302245.
↑ Martin, V. E. Buffetaut, and V. Suteethorn. 1994. A new genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Sao Khua Formation (Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous) of north-eastern Thailand. Comptes Rendus l'Acad. Sci. Paris (II) 319 : pp. 1085-1092.
↑ Russell, D.A. and Z.-M Dong. 1993 [George Olshevsky cites 1994, not 1993]. A nearly complete skeleton of a new troodontid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of the Ordos Basin, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30: pp. 2163-2173.
↑ Currie, P.J. and X.J. Zhao. 1993. A new carnosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. Can. J. Earth Sci., 30: pp. 2037-2081.
↑ Rich, T.H., and P. Vickers-Rich. 1994. Neoceratopsians and ornithomimosaurs: Dinosaurs of Gondwana origin. Res. Exploration 10: pp. 129-131.
↑ Zhou Songlin, 1994. Record of a fossil stegosaur from Yingshan in the Sichuan Basin. Sichuan Cultural Relics. 1994-S1: 8-14.
↑ Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1994). "A Large Owl from the Paleocene of France" (PDF). Palaeontology. 37 (2): 339–348.
↑ Oscar Arredondo; Storrs L. Olson (1994). "A New Species of Owl of the Genus Bubo from the Pleistocene of Cuba (Aves: Strigiformes)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 107 (3): 436–444. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-09. Retrieved 2014-08-09.
1 2 3 Graham S. Cowles (1994). "A New Genus, Three New Species and Two New Records of Extinct Holocene Birds From Réunion Island, Indian Ocean". Géobios. 27 (1): 87–93. doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(06)80215-9.
↑ Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Roger Bour; François Moutou; Sonia Ribes (1994). "Mascarenotus Nov. Gen. (Aves: Strigiformes) Genre Endémique Éteint des Mascareignes et M. grucheti N. Sp. Espècé Éteinte de la Réunion" (PDF). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série IIA. 318: 1699–1706.
↑ Dieter S. Peters (1994). "Messelastur gratulator n. gen. n. spec., ein Greifvogel aus der Grube Messel (Aves, Accipitridae)" (PDF). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg. 170: 3–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-25. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
↑ Gerard F. van Tets (1994). "An Extinct New Species of Cormorant (Phalacrocoracidae, Aves) from a Western Australian Peat Swamp". Records of the South Australian Museum. 27: 135–138.
↑ Luis M. Chiappe; Jorge O. Calvo (1994). "Neuquenornis volans, a New Late Cretaceous Bird (Enantiornithes: Avisauridae) from Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14 (2): 230–246. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011554.
↑ Hou Lianhai (1994). "A Late Mesozoic Bird from Inner Mongolia" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 32 (4): 258–266.
↑ Storrs L. Olson (1994). "A Giant Presbyornis (Aves: Anseriformes) and Other Birds from the Paleocene Aquia Formation of Maryland and Virginia". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 107 (3): 429–435.
↑ Richard N. Holdaway; Trevor H. Worthy (1994). "A New Fossil Species of Shearwater Puffinus from the Late Quaternary of the South Island, New Zealand, and Notes on the Biogeography and Evolution of the Puffinus gavia Superspecies". Emu. 94 (3): 201–215. doi:10.1071/mu9940201.
↑ Steven M. Goodman (1994). "Description of a New Species of Subfossil Eagle from Madagascar: Stephanoaetus (Aves: Falconiformes) from the Deposits of Amphasambazimba". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 107 (3): 421–428.
↑ Hou Lianhai (1994). "A New Paleocene Bird from Anhui, China" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 32 (1): 60–65.
↑ Martin (1994). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.
↑ Padian, K., Ricqles, A. de J., and Horner, J. R., 1994, Bone histology determines identification of a new fossil taxon of pterosaur (Reptilia: Archosauria): Compte rendu hebdomadaire des séances de l’Académie des Sciences Paris, tomo 320, serie 2, p. 77-84.

References

Calvo, J.O. (1994). Gastroliths in sauropod dinosaurs. Gaia, 10: 205–208.
Martin, James E.; 1994; Gastric residues in marine reptiles from the Late Cretaceous Pierre Shale in South Dakota; their bearing on extinction; Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology; 14(3, Suppl.) pp. 36; University of Oklahoma
Pasch, A. D., K. C. May. 2001. Taphonomy and paleoenvironment of hadrosaur (Dinosauria) from the Matanuska Formation (Turonian) in South-Central Alaska. In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life. Ed.s Tanke, D. H., Carpenter, K., Skrepnick, M. W. Indiana University Press. Pages 219–236.
Sanders F, Manley K, Carpenter K. Gastroliths from the Lower Cretaceous sauropod Cedarosaurus weiskopfae. In: Tanke D.H, Carpenter K, editors. Mesozoic vertebrate life: new research inspired by the paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Indiana University Press; Bloomington, IN: 2001. pp. 166–180.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.

[Manchester1994-2] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 Manchester, S.R. (1994). "Fruits and Seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon". Palaeontographica Americana. 58: 30–31.

[Manchester1999-3] Manchester, S. R. (1999). "Biogeographical relationships of North American tertiary floras". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 86 (2): 472–522. doi:10.2307/2666183. JSTOR 2666183.

[4] Myers, J.; Erwin, D. (2015). "Deviacer pidemarmanii sp. nov. (Polygalaceae) from the Late Eocene–Early Oligocene Badger's Nose Paleoflora, Modoc County, California". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 176 (3): 259–268. doi:10.1086/679759. S2CID 84642512.

[JSEStephania-5] Han, M.; Manchester, S. R.; Fu, Q.-Y.; Jin, J.-H.; Quan, C. (2018). "Paleogene fossil fruits of Stephania (Menispermaceae) from North America and East Asia". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 56 (2): 81–91. doi:10.1111/jse.12288. S2CID 90749898.

[Call1997-6] Call, V.B.; Dilcher, D.L. (1997). "The fossil record of Eucommia (Eucommiaceae) in North America". American Journal of Botany. 84 (6): 798–814. doi:10.2307/2445816. JSTOR 2445816. PMID 21708632. S2CID 20464075.

[BaroniUrbani1994-7] Baroni Urbani, C.; De Andrade, M. L. (1994). "First description of fossil Dacetini ants with a critical analysis of the current classification of the tribe (Amber Collection Stuttgart: Hymenoptera, Formicidae. VI: Dacetini)". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie). 198: 1–65.

[NelBrisac1994-8] 1 2 3 4 Nel, A.; Martinez-Delclòs, X.; Escuillé, F; Brisac, P. (1994). "Names; Les Aeshnidae fossiles: Etat actuel des connaissances (Odonata, Anisoptera)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 194 (2/3): 143–186. doi:10.1127/njgpa/194/1994/143. S2CID 247527646.

[DeAndrade1994-9] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 De Andrade, M. L. (1994). "Fossil Odontomachiti Ants from the Dominican Republic (Amber Collection Stuttgart: Hymenoptera, Formicidae. VII: Odontomachiti)". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie). 199: 1–28.

[Grimaldi1997-10] Grimaldi, D.; Agosti, D.; Carpenter, J. M. (1997). "New and rediscovered primitive ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Cretaceous amber from New Jersey, and their phylogenetic relationships". American Museum Novitates (3208): 1–43.

[Neletal1994-11] Nel, A.; Albouy, V.; Caussanel, C; Jamet, C. (1994). "Réflexion paléo-entomologique sur la systématique des Dermaptères. Quatre nouveaux forficules fossiles de l'Oligocène de Provence (France)". Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France. 99: 253–266. doi:10.3406/bsef.1994.17063. S2CID 131974069.

[Nel&Henrotay1994-12] Nel, A; Henrotay, M. (1994). "Les Chrysopidae Mésozoïques. État actuel des connaissances. Description d'un nouveau genre et nouvelle espèce dans le Jurassique inférieur (Lias) (Insecta: Neuroptera)". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 30: 295–318.

[Nel&Paicheler1994-13] Nel, A.; Paicheler, J.-C. (1994). "Les Lestoidea (Odonata, Zygoptera) fossiles : un inventaire critique". Annales de Paléontologie. 80 (1): 1–59.

[Elicki2009-14] Elicki, O.; Gürsu, S. (2009). "First record of Pojetaia runnegari Jell, 1980 and Fordilla Barrande, 1881 from the Middle East (Taurus Mountains, Turkey) and critical review of Cambrian bivalves" (PDF). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 83 (2): 267–291. doi:10.1007/s12542-009-0021-9. S2CID 49380913. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

[15] David R. Schwimmer; J. D. Stewart; G. Dent Williams (1994). "Giant fossil coelacanths of the Late Cretaceous in the eastern United States". Geology. 22 (6): 503–506. Bibcode:1994Geo....22..503S. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0503:gfcotl>2.3.co;2.

[16] Hugo Dutel; John G. Maisey; David R. Schwimmer; Philippe Janvier; Marc Herbin; Gaël Clément (2012). "The Giant Cretaceous Coelacanth (Actinistia, Sarcopterygii) Megalocoelacanthus dobiei Schwimmer, Stewart & Williams, 1994, and Its Bearing on Latimerioidei Interrelationships". PLOS ONE. 7 (11): e49911. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...749911D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049911. PMC 3507921. PMID 23209614.

[calvo-sanders-17] Calvo (1994). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.

[mata-hadro-intro-220-18] 1 2 "Introduction," in Pasche and May (2001); page 220.

[mata-hadro-location-220-19] "Location and Geologic Setting," in Pasche and May (2001); page 220.

[hunt94ornithischian-20] 1 2 3 4 Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas. 1994. Ornithischian dinosaurs from the Upper Triassic of the United States. In: the Shadow of the Dinosaurs, Early Mesozoic Tetrapods (N.C. Fraser and H.-D. Sues, Eds.). Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK: pp. 227-241.

[21] Sereno, P.C.; Arcucci, A.B. (1994). "Dinosaur precursors from the Middle Triassic of Argentina: Marasuchus lilloensis gen. nov". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14: 53–73. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011538.

[ddinogeorge-22] Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.

[23] Sereno, P.C., J.A. Wilson, H.C.E. Larsson, D.B. Dutheil, H.-D. Sues. 1994. Early Cretaceous dinosaurs from the Sahara. Science 266 (14 October [5183]): pp. 267-271.

[24] Chatterjee, S.; Creisler, B.S. (1994). "Alwalkeria (Theropoda) and Morturneria (Plesiosauria), new names for preoccupied Walkeria Chatterjee, 1987 and Turneria". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14: 142. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011546.

[25] Russell, D.A. and Z.-M. Dong. 1994. The affinities of a new theropod from the Alxa Desert, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30:pp. 2107-2127.

[26] Currie, P.J., S.J. Godfrey, and L. Nesov. 1993 [Olshevsky cites 1994]. New caenagnathid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) specimens from the Upper Cretaceous of North America and Asia. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30: pp. 2255-2272.

[27] Hammer, W.R.; Hickerson, W.J. (1994). "A Crested Theropod Dinosaur from Antarctica". Science. 264 (5160): 828–830. Bibcode:1994Sci...264..828H. doi:10.1126/science.264.5160.828. PMID 17794724. S2CID 38933265.

[28] Chure, D.J. 1994. Koparion douglassi, a new dinosaur from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Dinosaur National Monument; The oldest troodontid (Theropoda: Maniraptora). Brigham Young University Geology Studies 40:pp. 11-15.

[29] Zhao, X.J. and P.J. Currie, P.J. 1994 [not 1993]. A large crested theropod from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, China. Canadian. J. Earth Sci. 30: pp. 2027-2036.

[30] Kirkland, J.I. and K. Carpenter. 1994. North America's First Pre-Cretaceous Ankylosaur (Dinosauria) from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Western Colorado. Brigham Young University Geology Studies 40: pp. 25-42.

[31] Perez-Moreno, B.; Sanz, J.L.; Buscalloni, A.D.; Moratalla, J.J.; Ortega, F.; Rasskin-Gutman, D. (1994). "A unique multitoothed ornithomimosaur dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain". Nature. 370 (6488): 363–367. Bibcode:1994Natur.370..363P. doi:10.1038/370363a0. S2CID 4302245.

[32] Martin, V. E. Buffetaut, and V. Suteethorn. 1994. A new genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Sao Khua Formation (Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous) of north-eastern Thailand. Comptes Rendus l'Acad. Sci. Paris (II) 319 : pp. 1085-1092.

[33] Russell, D.A. and Z.-M Dong. 1993 [George Olshevsky cites 1994, not 1993]. A nearly complete skeleton of a new troodontid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of the Ordos Basin, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30: pp. 2163-2173.

[34] Currie, P.J. and X.J. Zhao. 1993. A new carnosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. Can. J. Earth Sci., 30: pp. 2037-2081.

[35] Rich, T.H., and P. Vickers-Rich. 1994. Neoceratopsians and ornithomimosaurs: Dinosaurs of Gondwana origin. Res. Exploration 10: pp. 129-131.

[36] Zhou Songlin, 1994. Record of a fossil stegosaur from Yingshan in the Sichuan Basin. Sichuan Cultural Relics. 1994-S1: 8-14.

[Berruornis-37] Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1994). "A Large Owl from the Paleocene of France" (PDF). Palaeontology. 37 (2): 339–348.

[Bubo-38] Oscar Arredondo; Storrs L. Olson (1994). "A New Species of Owl of the Genus Bubo from the Pleistocene of Cuba (Aves: Strigiformes)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 107 (3): 436–444. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-09. Retrieved 2014-08-09.

[Mascarenachen-39] 1 2 3 Graham S. Cowles (1994). "A New Genus, Three New Species and Two New Records of Extinct Holocene Birds From Réunion Island, Indian Ocean". Géobios. 27 (1): 87–93. doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(06)80215-9.

[Mascarenotus-40] Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Roger Bour; François Moutou; Sonia Ribes (1994). "Mascarenotus Nov. Gen. (Aves: Strigiformes) Genre Endémique Éteint des Mascareignes et M. grucheti N. Sp. Espècé Éteinte de la Réunion" (PDF). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série IIA. 318: 1699–1706.

[Messelastur-41] Dieter S. Peters (1994). "Messelastur gratulator n. gen. n. spec., ein Greifvogel aus der Grube Messel (Aves, Accipitridae)" (PDF). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg. 170: 3–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-25. Retrieved 2014-08-08.

[Microcarbo-42] Gerard F. van Tets (1994). "An Extinct New Species of Cormorant (Phalacrocoracidae, Aves) from a Western Australian Peat Swamp". Records of the South Australian Museum. 27: 135–138.

[Neuquenornis-43] Luis M. Chiappe; Jorge O. Calvo (1994). "Neuquenornis volans, a New Late Cretaceous Bird (Enantiornithes: Avisauridae) from Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14 (2): 230–246. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011554.

[Otogornis-44] Hou Lianhai (1994). "A Late Mesozoic Bird from Inner Mongolia" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 32 (4): 258–266.

[Presbyornis-45] Storrs L. Olson (1994). "A Giant Presbyornis (Aves: Anseriformes) and Other Birds from the Paleocene Aquia Formation of Maryland and Virginia". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 107 (3): 429–435.

[Puffinus-46] Richard N. Holdaway; Trevor H. Worthy (1994). "A New Fossil Species of Shearwater Puffinus from the Late Quaternary of the South Island, New Zealand, and Notes on the Biogeography and Evolution of the Puffinus gavia Superspecies". Emu. 94 (3): 201–215. doi:10.1071/mu9940201.

[Stephanoaetus-47] Steven M. Goodman (1994). "Description of a New Species of Subfossil Eagle from Madagascar: Stephanoaetus (Aves: Falconiformes) from the Deposits of Amphasambazimba". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 107 (3): 421–428.

[Wanshuina-48] Hou Lianhai (1994). "A New Paleocene Bird from Anhui, China" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 32 (1): 60–65.

[Martin-Sanders-49] Martin (1994). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.

[50] Padian, K., Ricqles, A. de J., and Horner, J. R., 1994, Bone histology determines identification of a new fossil taxon of pterosaur (Reptilia: Archosauria): Compte rendu hebdomadaire des séances de l’Académie des Sciences Paris, tomo 320, serie 2, p. 77-84.

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