19 Fortuna
Discovery
Discovered byJohn Russell Hind
Discovery dateAugust 22, 1852
Designations
(19) Fortuna
Pronunciation/fɔːrˈtjuːnə/[1]
Named after
Fortūna
A902 UG
Main belt
AdjectivesFortunian /fɔːrˈtjuːniən/
Symbol (historical)
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch October 22, 2004 (JD 2453300.5)
Aphelion2.831 AU (423.443 Gm)
Perihelion2.052 AU (307.028 Gm)
2.441 AU (365.235 Gm)
Eccentricity0.159
3.81 a (1393.378 d)
18.94 km/s
268.398°
Inclination1.573°
211.379°
182.091°
Physical characteristics
Dimensionsc/a = 0.79±0.05[3]
(225×205×195)±12 km[4]
Mean diameter
211±2 km[3]
225 km[5][6]
Mass(8.8±1.4)×1018 kg[3]
12.7×1018 kg[4]
Mean density
1.80±0.29 g/cm3[3]
2.70±0.48 g/cm3[4]
Equatorial surface gravity
~0.0629 m/s²
Equatorial escape velocity
~0.1190 km/s
0.3101 d (7.4432 h)[2]
0.056[3] 0.037[2]
Temperature~180 K
G[2]
8.88[7] to 12.95
7.13[2]
0.25" to 0.072"

    Fortuna (minor planet designation: 19 Fortuna) is one of the largest main-belt asteroids. It has a composition similar to 1 Ceres: a darkly colored surface that is heavily space-weathered with the composition of primitive organic compounds, including tholins.

    Fortuna is 225 km in diameter and has one of the darkest known geometric albedos for an asteroid over 150 km in diameter. Its albedo has been measured at 0.028 and 0.037.[8] The spectra of the asteroid displays evidence of aqueous alteration.[9]

    The Hubble Space Telescope observed Fortuna in 1993. It was resolved with an apparent diameter of 0.20 arcseconds (4.5 pixels in the Planetary Camera) and its shape was found to be nearly spherical. Satellites were searched for but none were detected.

    Stellar occultations by Fortuna have been observed several times. Fortuna has been studied by radar.[10]

    It was discovered by J. R. Hind on August 22, 1852, and named after Fortuna, the Roman goddess of luck. Its historical symbol was a star over Fortune's wheel; it is in the pipeline for Unicode 17.0 as U+1CECC 𜻌 ().[11][12]

    Fortuna has been perturbed by the 80 km 135 Hertha and was initially estimated by Baer to have a mass of 1.08×1019 kg.[6] A more recent estimate by Baer suggests it has a mass of 1.27×1019 kg.[4]

    On December 21, 2012, Fortuna (~200 km) harmlessly passed within 6.5 Gm of asteroid 687 Tinette.[13]

    References

    1. ↑ Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
    2. 1 2 3 4 5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 19 Fortuna" (2008-08-21 last obs). Retrieved November 11, 2008.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 P. Vernazza et al. (2021) VLT/SPHERE imaging survey of the largest main-belt asteroids: Final results and synthesis. Astronomy & Astrophysics 54, A56
    4. 1 2 3 4 Jim Baer (2008). "Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations". Personal Website. Archived from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved November 27, 2008.
    5. ↑ Storrs, Alex; Weiss, B.; Zellner, B.; et al. (1998). "Imaging Observations of Asteroids with Hubble Space Telescope" (PDF). Icarus. 137 (2): 260–268. Bibcode:1999Icar..137..260S. doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6047. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2005.
    6. 1 2 Baer, James; Steven R. Chesley (2008). "Astrometric masses of 21 asteroids, and an integrated asteroid ephemeris". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007. 100 (2008): 27–42. Bibcode:2008CeMDA.100...27B. doi:10.1007/s10569-007-9103-8.
    7. ↑ "AstDys (19) Fortuna Ephemerides". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy. Retrieved June 27, 2010.
    8. ↑ Storrs, Alex; Dunne; Conan; Mugnier; et al. (2005). "A closer look at main belt asteroids 1: WF/PC images" (PDF). Icarus. 173 (2): 409–416. Bibcode:2005Icar..173..409S. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.007. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 18, 2007. Retrieved September 23, 2007.
    9. ↑ Fornasier, S.; et al. (February 1999), "Spectroscopic comparison of aqueous altered asteroids with CM2 carbonaceous chondrite meteorites", Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement, 135: 65–73, Bibcode:1999A&AS..135...65F, doi:10.1051/aas:1999161.
    10. ↑ "Radar-Detected Asteroids and Comets". NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research. Retrieved October 30, 2011.
    11. ↑ Bala, Gavin Jared; Miller, Kirk (September 18, 2023). "Unicode request for historical asteroid symbols" (PDF). unicode.org. Unicode. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
    12. ↑ Unicode. "Proposed New Characters: The Pipeline". unicode.org. The Unicode Consortium. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
    13. ↑ Generated with Solex 10 Archived December 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine by Aldo Vitagliano
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