2195 Tengström
Discovery [1]
Discovered byL. Oterma
Discovery siteTurku Obs.
Discovery date27 September 1941
Designations
(2195) Tengström
Named after
Erik Tengström
(Swedish geodesist)[2]
1941 SP1 · 1931 TC3
1934 PQ · 1936 DF
1943 GT · 1944 QD
1951 VA · 1973 GC1
1974 RC2 · 1976 GO4
main-belt · Flora [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc85.57 yr (31,253 days)
Aphelion2.4574 AU
Perihelion1.9861 AU
2.2217 AU
Eccentricity0.1061
3.31 yr (1,210 days)
317.69°
0° 17m 51.36s / day
Inclination4.5747°
100.96°
295.55°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions7.14±1.13 km[4]
7.17±0.41 km[5]
8.627±0.060 km[6]
8.732±0.044 km[7]
8.98 km (calculated)[3]
2.816±0.003 h[8]
2.82±0.05 h[9]
2.82092±0.00004 h[lower-alpha 1]
2.8210±0.0001 h[lower-alpha 2]
2.8211±0.0001 h[9]
2.82112±0.00007 h[lower-alpha 3]
2.82117±0.00005 h[9]
2.829±0.0007 h[10]
0.24 (assumed)[3]
0.3361±0.0301[7]
0.343±0.051[6]
0.39±0.15[4]
0.453±0.106[5]
M [7] · S [3]
12.1[7] · 12.20[5] · 12.237±0.001 (R)[10] · 12.27±0.23[11] · 12.30[4] · 12.4[1][3]

    2195 Tengström, provisional designation 1941 SP1, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 27 September 1941, by Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland,[12] and named for Swedish geodesist Erik Tengström.[2]

    Orbit and classification

    Tengström is a member of the Flora family of stony asteroids, one of the largest families of the main belt. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,210 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] It was first identified as 1931 TC3 at Lowell Observatory in 1931, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 10 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.[12]

    Physical characteristics

    Tengström has been characterized as a metallic M-type and stony S-type asteroid.[3][7]

    Rotation period

    Between 2006 and 2016, several well defined rotational lightcurves of Tengström were obtained by astronomers David Higgins, Petr Pravec, Pierre Antonini and René Roy (U=3/3/3/3/3).[9][lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 3] Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 2.821 hours with a brightness variation between 0.17 and 0.45 magnitude.[lower-alpha 4] For an asteroid of its size, Tengström has a relatively fast spin rate, not far from the 2.2-hour threshold for fast rotators.

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Tengström measures between 7.14 and 8.73 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a high albedo of 0.34 to 0.45. NEOWISE also classifies it as a metallic asteroid, despite its much higher albedo.[4][5][6][7] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the family's largest member and namesake – and calculates a diameter of 8.98 kilometers using an absolute magnitude of 12.4.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Swedish geodesist and astronomer Erik Tengström (1913–1996), emeritus professor at Uppsala University on the celebration of his 70th anniversary.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 28 March 1983 (M.P.C. 7782).[13]

    Notes

    1. 1 2 Pravec (2011) web: rotation period 2.82092±0.00004 hours; amplitude of 0.31 mag.; quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2195) Tengström at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2011)
    2. 1 2 Pravec (2016) web: rotation period 2.8210±0.0001 hours; amplitude of 0.21 mag.; quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2195) Tengström at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2016)
    3. 1 2 Higgins (2011) web: rotation period 2.82112±0.00007 hours; amplitude of 0.17 mag.; quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2195) Tengström at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)
    4. ↑ Lightcurve plot from December 2011, 2.82092 hours and April 2016, 2.8210 hours by Pray, Kusnirak, Pravec Ondřejov Observatory – unpublished data

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2195 Tengstrom (1941 SP1)" (2017-05-04 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2195) Tengström". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2195) Tengström. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 178. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2196. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "LCDB Data for (2195) Tengström". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    4. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    5. 1 2 3 4 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    6. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    8. ↑ Higgins, David; Pravec, Petr; Kusnirak, Peter; Galad, Adrian; Kornos, Leos; Pray, Donald; et al. (December 2006). "Asteriod [sic] lightcurve analysis at Hunters Hill Observatory and collaborating stations - autumn 2006". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 33 (4): 89–91. Bibcode:2006MPBu...33...89H. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    9. 1 2 3 4 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (2195) Tengström". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    10. 1 2 Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    11. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    12. 1 2 "2195 Tengstrom (1941 SP1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
    13. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
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