26th Parliament of New Zealand | |||||||||||
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Overview | |||||||||||
Legislative body | New Zealand Parliament | ||||||||||
Term | 27 June 1939 – 26 August 1943 | ||||||||||
Election | 1938 New Zealand general election | ||||||||||
Government | First Labour Government | ||||||||||
House of Representatives | |||||||||||
Members | 80 | ||||||||||
Speaker of the House | Bill Barnard | ||||||||||
Prime Minister | Peter Fraser from 1 April 1940 — Michael Joseph Savage until 27 March 1940 † | ||||||||||
Leader of the Opposition | Sidney Holland — Adam Hamilton until 26 November 1940 | ||||||||||
Legislative Council | |||||||||||
Speaker of the Council | Mark Fagan — Sir Walter Carncross until 18 July 1939 | ||||||||||
Leader of the Council | David Wilson | ||||||||||
Sovereign | |||||||||||
Members | 34 (at start) 36 (at end) | ||||||||||
Monarch | HM George VI | ||||||||||
Governor-General | HE Rt. Hon. Sir Cyrill Newall from 22 February 1941 — HE Rt. Hon. The Viscount Galway until 3 February 1941 | ||||||||||
Sessions | |||||||||||
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The 26th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament. It was elected at the 1938 general election in October of that year.
1938 general election
The 1938 general election was held on Friday, 14 October in the Māori electorates and on Saturday, 15 October in the general electorates, respectively.[1] A total of 80 MPs were elected; 48 represented North Island electorates, 28 represented South Island electorates, and the remaining four represented Māori electorates.[2] 995,173 voters were enrolled and the official turnout at the election was 92.9%.[1]
Sessions
The 26th Parliament sat for an unusual five sessions by omitting the 1941 general election, and was prorogued on 30 August 1943.[3] A 1941 act extended the life of parliament to 1 November 1942,[4] and a 1942 act allowed extension to "one year from the termination of the present war",[5] although a general election was held in 1943.
Session | Opened | Adjourned |
---|---|---|
first | 27 June 1939 | 6 October 1939 |
second | 30 May 1940 | 6 December 1940 |
third | 12 March 1941 | 17 October 1941 |
fourth | 11 December 1941 | 12 December 1942 |
fifth | 24 February 1943 | 26 August 1943 |
Ministries
The Labour Party had been in power since December 1935, and Michael Joseph Savage led the Savage Ministry.[6] The opposition had consisted of the United Party and the Reform Party, which merged in 1936 during the term of the 25th Parliament to form the National Party. The First Labour Government was confirmed at the 1938 general election with an increased majority, and the Savage Ministry remained until Savage's death on 27 March 1940.[7]
Savage was succeeded as Prime Minister by Peter Fraser, who formed the Fraser Ministry on 1 April 1940. The first Fraser Ministry resigned on 30 April 1940 and was reappointed, with some portfolios adjusted.[8] The second Fraser Ministry remained in power until its defeat by the National Party at the 1949 election.[9][10]
A War Cabinet was formed on 16 July 1940, which held the responsibility for all decisions relating to New Zealand's involvement in World War II. The War Cabinet was dissolved on 21 August 1945.[11] For some months in 1942, a War Administration was in place. Formed on 30 June and dissolved on 2 October, the War Administration had responsibility for all war matters, with the War Cabinet as its executive body.[11]
Party standings
Start of Parliament
Party | Leader(s) | Seats at start | |
Labour Party | Michael Joseph Savage | 53 | |
National Party | Adam Hamilton | 25 | |
Independents | 2 |
End of Parliament
Party | Leader(s) | Seats at start | |
Labour Party | Peter Fraser | 50 | |
National Party | Sidney Holland | 25 | |
Democratic Labour | John A. Lee | 2 | |
Independents | 3 |
Initial composition of the 26th Parliament
The following table shows the initial composition of the 26th Parliament:
The following table shows the detailed results:
Key
Labour National Country Party Independent Independent Liberal
Changes
There were a number of changes during the term of the 26th Parliament.
Electorate and by-election | Date | Incumbent | Cause | Winner | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Christchurch South | 1939 | 3 June | Ted Howard | Death | Robert Macfarlane | ||
Auckland West | 1940 | 18 May | Michael Joseph Savage | Death | Peter Carr | ||
Waipawa | 1940 | 16 November | Albert Jull | Death | Cyril Harker | ||
Waitemata | 1941 | 19 July | Jack Lyon | Death | Mary Dreaver | ||
Bay of Plenty | 1941 | 13 December | Gordon Hultquist | Death | Bill Sullivan | ||
Mid-Canterbury | 1942 | 27 January | Arthur Grigg | Death | Mary Grigg | ||
Hauraki | 1942 | 7 February | John Allen | Death | Andy Sutherland | ||
Temuka | 1942 | 7 February | Thomas Burnett | Death | Jack Acland | ||
Christchurch East | 1943 | 6 February | Tim Armstrong | Death | Mabel Howard | ||
Northern Maori | 1943 | 19 June | Paraire Karaka Paikea | Death | (by-election postponed by legislation)[55] |
Name | Year | Seat | From | To | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
John A. Lee | 1940 | Grey Lynn | Labour | Democratic Labour | ||
Bill Barnard | Napier | |||||
Gordon Coates | 1942 | Kaipara | National | Independent | ||
Bert Kyle | Riccarton | |||||
Notes
- 1 2 "General elections 1853–2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
- ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 90.
- ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 70.
- ↑ "Prolongation of Parliament Act, 1941". New Zealand Law online.
- ↑ "Prolongation of Parliament Act, 1942". New Zealand Law online.
- ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 48.
- ↑ Gustafson, Barry. "Savage, Michael Joseph - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 50.
- ↑ Beaglehole, Tim. "Fraser, Peter". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ↑ Scholefield 1950, pp. 50–51.
- 1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 52.
- ↑ "1890–1993 general elections | Elections". elections.nz. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
- ↑ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
- ↑ "Candidates for tomorrow's election". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 91. 14 October 1938. p. 18. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
- ↑ "Notice of Nominations Received and Polling Places Appointed". Auckland Star. Vol. LXVI, no. 268. 12 November 1935. p. 9. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
- 1 2 "Parliamentary Election". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 254. 27 October 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, pp. 26, 28.
- 1 2 3 "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXXV, no. 23180. 28 October 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 370.
- ↑ "Declaration of result of poll for the electoral district of Awarua". Western Star. 28 October 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
- 1 2 3 4 "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXXV, no. 23181. 29 October 1938. p. 25. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ↑ "Declaration of Result of Poll for the Electoral District of Central Otago". Alexandra Herald and Central Otago Gazette. 13 October 1943. p. 4. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
- ↑ "The By-Election". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVII, no. 128. 2 June 1939. p. 8. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
- ↑ Ammentorp, Steen. "Falconer". generals.dk. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ↑ "Alexander Smith Falconer". Auckland War Memorial Museum. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Online Cenotaph.
- ↑ "Brigadier A. S. Falconer". New Zealand Electronic Text Centre. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 362.
- 1 2 "The Mantle of Seddon". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 90. 13 October 1938. p. 24. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
- ↑ "Election Review". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 83. 5 October 1938. p. 15. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 366.
- ↑ Webb, Brendan (20 September 2010). "No Sign of Mayors". BayBuzz. Archived from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ↑ "Hawke's Bay Seats". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 90. 13 October 1938. p. 11. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
- ↑ "Public Notices". The Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 82. 4 October 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ↑ "The Lyttelton seat: National Party candidate". The Press. Vol. LXXIV, no. 22464. 27 July 1938. p. 12. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
- ↑ Bremer, Robert James. "Ormond, John Davies Wilder". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
- ↑ "Otago Contests". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 73. 23 September 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ↑ "The Onehunga Seat". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 59. 7 September 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ↑ "Discover Onehunga's Rich History". Onehunga Business Association. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ↑ "Parliamentary Elections". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 233. 3 October 1938. p. 11. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ↑ "Public Notices". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 82. 4 October 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ↑ "Labour Candidates". Evening Post. Vol. CXXV, no. 82. 7 April 1938. p. 17. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ↑ "J. A. Nash". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 89. 12 October 1938. p. 18. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ↑ "The Labour Party". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 192. 16 August 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ↑ "Labour Candidates". Evening Post. Vol. CX, no. 61. 9 September 1925. p. 6. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 345.
- ↑ Laracy, Hugh. "Dreaver, Mary Manson". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
- ↑ "Tammany Hall". Evening Post. Vol. CXL, no. 52. 30 August 1945. p. 9. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
- ↑ "General Election". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 116. 19 May 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
- ↑ "Wairarapa Electorate". Upper Hutt Weekly Review. Vol. III, no. 43. 14 October 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
- ↑ "Mrs. R. Bleasel". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 277. 23 November 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
- ↑ Buchan, Allison. "Appleton, William". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
- ↑ "Public Notices". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 98. 22 October 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ↑ Labrum, Bronwyn. "Gilmer, Elizabeth May". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
- ↑ "General Election". Evening Post. Vol. CXXVI, no. 45. 22 August 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
- ↑ "By-election Postponement Act 1943". Retrieved 8 March 2012.
References
- Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6.
- Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
- Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.