56th Legislature of National Congress
←55th 57th→
Overview
Legislative bodyNational Congress
Meeting placeNational Congress Palace
Term1 February 2019 – 31 January 2023
Election7 October 2018
Government
Websitecongressonacional.leg.br
Federal Senate
Members81 senators
President of the Federal Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Members513 deputies
President of the Chamber of Deputies
Sessions
1st1 February 2019 – 23 December 2019
2nd3 February 2020 – 22 December 2020
3rd1 February 2021 – 21 December 2021
4th2 February 2022 – 22 December 2022

The 56th Legislature of National Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the Federal Government of Brazil, composed by the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. It convened in Brasília on 1 February 2019, a month after the beginning of Jair Bolsonaro's only term as president, and ended on 31 January 2023.

In the 2018 elections, the Workers' Party won the majority of the Chamber with 56 deputies.[1] The Brazilian Democratic Movement kept the majority in the Senate with 12 senators.[2][lower-alpha 1]

Major events

  • 1 February 2019: Rodrigo Maia elect president for a third term as leader of the Chamber.[3]
  • 2 February 2019: Davi Alcolumbre elect president for his first term as leader of the Senate.[4][5]
  • 4 February 2019: Joint session of the National Congress to officially inaugurate the 56th Legislature.[6]
  • 10 July 2019: The Chamber of Deputies approves PEC 6/2019 (Social Security Reform).[7]
  • 25 September 2019: Public hearing of sub-prosecutor Augusto Aras for Prosecutor General of the Republic in the Constitution and Justice Committee of the Federal Senate. His appointment was approved by the floor of the Senate on the same day.[8][9]
  • 22 October 2019: Senate floor approves PEC 6/2019 (Social Security Reform).[10]
  • 4 December 2019: Chamber floor approves a substitutive project for Minister of Justice and Public Security Sérgio Moro law project "anti-crime".[11]
  • 3 February 2020: National Congress opens 2nd session of the 56th Legislature with a letter from President Bolsonaro read by Chief of Staff Onyx Lorenzoni.[12]
  • 18 March 2020: Chamber of Deputies approves the declaration of public calamity sent by president Jair Bolsonaro due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.[13]
  • 20 March 2020: Senate approves the declaration of public calamity in its first virtual session presided by senator Antônio Anastasia (PSDB-MG).[14]
  • 21 October 2020: Senate approves the appointment of Nunes Marques for the Supreme Federal Court.[15]
  • 1 February 2021: Election for the Director's Board of the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate, with Deputy Arthur Lira (PP-AL) elect leader of the lower house and Senator Rodrigo Pacheco (DEM-MG) elect leader of the upper house.[16][17]
  • 3 February 2021: National Congress opens 3rd session of the 56th Legislature with a letter from President Bolsonaro.[18]
  • 13 April 2021: Senate President Rodrigo Pacheco (DEM-MG) accepts a request of Senator Randolfe Rodrigues (REDE-AP) and other senators for the creation of an Inquiry Parliamentary Committee to investigate the acts of the federal government in the COVID-19 pandemic.[19]
  • 20 August 2021: The Senate receives an impeachment request against Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes filed by President Jair Bolsonaro.[20]
  • 24 August 2021: Public hearing of Augusto Aras for a second term as Prosecutor General of the Republic in the Constitution and Justice Committee of the Federal Senate. His appointment was approved by the floor of the Senate on the same day.[21][22]
  • 25 August 2021: Senate President Rodrigo Pacheco rejects and archive the impeachment request against Justice Alexandre de Moraes.[23]
  • 26 October 2021: COVID-19 CPI in the Senate conclude its works with the approval of the report in a voting of 7-4, recommending criminal charges against 2 companies and 78 individuals, including President Jair Bolsonaro.[24][25]
  • 1 December 2021: Senate approves the appointment of André Mendonça for the Supreme Federal Court.[26]
  • 2 February 2022: National Congress opens 4th and last session of the 56th Legislature with speeches of President Bolsonaro, Chamber President Arthur Lira and Senate and Congress President Rodrigo Pacheco.[27]
  • 7 December 2022: The Senate approves PEC 32/2022 (Transition Act), to guarantee extra R$ 145 billion (US$ 27.38 billion) for the 2023 budget plan as requested by the transition team of President-elect Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.[28]
  • 1 January 2023: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is inaugurated as President of Brazil.[29][30]
  • 8 January 2023: The Congress, the Planalto Palace and the Supreme Federal Court are stormed by former president Bolsonaro supporters. Justice Minister Flávio Dino reports at least 1,500 were arrested.[31][32][33]
  • 10 January 2023: The Congress approves the federal intervation in the Federal District.[34]

Party summary

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Social Liberal Party11,457,87811.6552+51
Workers' Party10,126,61110.3056–13
Brazilian Social Democracy Party5,905,5416.0129–25
Social Democratic Party5,749,0085.8534–2
Progressistas5,480,0675.5737–1
Brazilian Democratic Movement5,439,1675.5334–32
Brazilian Socialist Party5,386,4005.4832–2
Party of the Republic5,224,5915.3133–1
Brazilian Republican Party4,992,0165.0830+9
Democrats4,581,1624.6629+8
Democratic Labour Party4,545,8464.6228+9
Socialism and Liberty Party2,783,6692.8310+5
New Party2,748,0792.798New
Podemos2,243,3202.2811+7
Republican Party of the Social Order2,042,6102.088–3
Brazilian Labour Party2,022,7192.0610–15
Solidariedade1,953,0671.9913–2
Avante1,844,0481.887+6
Social Christian Party1,765,2261.808–5
Green Party1,592,1731.624–4
Popular Socialist Party1,590,0841.628–2
Patriota1,432,3041.465+3
Humanist Party of Solidarity1,426,4441.456+1
Communist Party of Brazil1,329,5751.359–1
Progressive Republican Party851,3680.874+1
Sustainability Network816,7840.831New
Brazilian Labour Renewal Party684,9760.700–1
Party of National Mobilization634,1290.6430
Christian Labour Party601,8140.6120
Free Fatherland Party385,1970.391+1
Christian Democracy369,3860.381–1
Brazilian Woman's Party228,3020.230New
Brazilian Communist Party61,3430.0600
United Socialist Workers' Party41,3040.0400
Workers' Cause Party2,7850.0000
Total98,338,993100.005130
Valid votes98,338,99383.97
Invalid/blank votes18,771,73716.03
Total votes117,110,730100.00
Registered voters/turnout146,750,52979.80
Source: Election Resources
PartyVotes%Seats
WonTotal+/–
Workers' Party24,785,67014.4646–6
Brazilian Social Democracy Party20,310,55811.8549–1
Social Liberal Party19,413,86911.3344New
Brazilian Democratic Movement12,800,2907.47712–6
Democrats9,218,6585.3846+1
Brazilian Socialist Party8,234,1954.8022–5
Social Democratic Party8,202,3424.7947+4
Democratic Labour Party7,737,9824.5224–4
Progressistas7,529,9014.39550
Sustainability Network7,166,0034.1855New
Podemos5,494,1253.2115+5
Socialism and Liberty Party5,273,8533.0800–1
Humanist Party of Solidarity4,228,9732.4722New
Social Christian Party4,126,0682.4111+1
Solidariedade4,001,9032.34110
New Party3,467,7462.0200New
Party of the Republic3,130,0821.8312–2
Popular Socialist Party2,954,8001.7222New
Progressive Republican Party1,974,0611.1511+1
Brazilian Labour Party1,899,8381.11230
Communist Party of Brazil1,673,1900.9800–1
Brazilian Republican Party1,505,6070.88110
Republican Party of the Social Order1,370,5130.80110
Green Party1,226,3920.7200–1
Brazilian Labour Renewal Party886,2670.52000
Avante731,3790.43000
Free Fatherland Party504,2090.29000
United Socialist Workers' Party413,9140.24000
Party of National Mobilization329,9730.19000
Brazilian Communist Party256,6550.15000
Christian Labour Party222,9310.1301+1
Christian Democracy154,0680.09000
Patriota60,5890.04000
Brazilian Woman's Party51,0270.0300New
Workers' Cause Party38,6910.02000
Independent00.0001+1
Total171,376,322100.0054810
Total votes117,111,478–
Registered voters/turnout146,750,52979.80
Source: Election Resources, G1

Leadership

Federal Senate

President of the Federal Senate
Davi Alcolumbre (DEM),
until 1 February 2021
Rodrigo Pacheco (DEM),
from 1 February 2021
CandidatePartyVotes%
Davi Alcolumbre (AP) Green tickYDEM4254.55
Esperidião Amin (SC)PP1316.88
Angelo Coronel (BA)PSD810.39
José Reguffe (DF)Ind.67.79
Renan Calheiros (AL)MDB56.49
Fernando Collor (AL)PROS33.90
Total77100.00
Valid votes77100.00
Invalid/blank votes00.00
Total votes77100.00
Registered voters/turnout8195.06
CandidatePartyVotes%
Rodrigo Pacheco (MG) Green tickYDEM5773.08
Simone Tebet (MS)MDB2126.92
Total78100.00
Valid votes78100.00
Invalid/blank votes00.00
Total votes78100.00
Registered voters/turnout8196.30

Chamber of Deputies

President of the Chamber of Deputies
Rodrigo Maia (DEM),
until 1 February 2021
Arthur Lira (PP),
from 1 February 2021
CandidatePartyVotes%
Rodrigo Maia (RJ) Green tickYDEM33465.62
Fábio Ramalho (MG)MDB6612.97
Marcelo Freixo (RJ)PSOL509.82
João Henrique Caldas (AL)PSB305.89
Marcel van Hattem (RS)NOVO234.52
Ricardo Barros (PR)PP40.79
Roberto Peternelli (SP)PSL20.39
Total509100.00
Valid votes50999.41
Invalid/blank votes30.59
Total votes512100.00
Registered voters/turnout51399.81
CandidatePartyVotes%
Arthur Lira (AL) Green tickYPP30260.04
Baleia Rossi (SP)MDB14528.83
Fábio Ramalho (MG)MDB214.17
Luiza Erundina (SP)PSOL163.18
Marcel van Hattem (RS)NOVO132.58
André Janones (MG)Avante30.60
Kim Kataguiri (SP)DEM20.40
Roberto Peternelli (SP)PSL10.20
Total503100.00
Valid votes50399.60
Invalid/blank votes20.40
Total votes505100.00
Registered voters/turnout51398.44

Members

Federal Senate

Chamber of Deputies

Changes in membership

Chamber of Deputies

State Vacated by Reason for change Successor[lower-alpha 2] Date of succerssor's
formal installation
Alagoas João Henrique Caldas (PSB) Resigned on 1 January 2021 to become Mayor of Maceió.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Pedro Vilela Neto (PSDB) 1 January 2021
Amapá Vinicius Gurgel (PL) Licensed since 5 December 2019 for medical treatment.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Patricia Ferraz (PODE) 5 December 2019
Bahia Josias Gomes (PT) Licensed since 13 March 2019 to become State Secretary of Rural Development of Bahia.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Joseildo Ramos (PT) 13 March 2019
Sérgio Brito (PSD) Licensed from 14 March to 2 October 2019 to become State Secretary of Urban Development of Bahia.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Paulo Magalhães (PSD) 14 March 2019
Paulo Magalhães (PSD) Holder returned to his seat. Sérgio Brito (PSD) 2 October 2019
Nelson Pellegrino (PT) Licensed since 28 November 2019 to become State Secretary of Urban Development of Bahia.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Paulo Magalhães (PSD) 28 November 2019
Ceará Mauro Benevides Filho (PDT) Licensed from 28 May to 1 October 2019 to become State Secretary of Planning and Management of Ceará.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Aníbal Gomes (DEM) 28 May 2019
Aníbal Gomes (DEM) Holder returned to his seat. Mauro Benevides Filho (PSB) 1 October 2019
Espírito Santo Paulo Foletto (PSB) Licensed since 5 February 2019 to become State Secretary of Agriculture, Supply, Aquaculture and Fishing of Espírito Santo.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Ted Conti (PSB) 5 February 2019
Sergio Vidigal (PDT) Resigned on 31 December 2020 to become Mayor of Vitória.
Successor was seated on the next day		 Neucimar Fraga (PSD) 1 January 2021
Maranhão Rubens Pereira Júnior (PCdoB) Licensed since 25 February 2019 to become State Secretary of Cities and Urban Development of Maranhão.
Second substitute was seated weeks later.		 Gastão Vieira (PROS) 19 March 2019
Cleber Verde (REPUBLICANOS) Licensed since 2 December 2019 due to personal reasons.
Successor was seated days later.		 Antonio Gonçalo (REPUBLICANOS) 4 December 2019
Josimar Maranhãozinho (PL) Licensed from 11 February to 11 June 2020 due to medical treatment and personal issues.
Successor was seated days later.		 Paulo Marinho Jr. (PL) 13 February 2020
Paulo Marinho Jr. (PL) Holder returned to his seat. Josimar Maranhãozinho (PL) 11 June 2020
Eduardo Braide (PODE) Resigned on 1 January 2021 to become Mayor of São Luis.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Josivaldo Santos (PODE) 1 January 2021
Mato Grosso do Sul Tereza Cristina (DEM) Licensed from 1 January 2019 to 9 July 2019 to become Minister of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply.
Successor was seated in the beginning of the Legislature.		 Geraldo Resende (PSDB) 1 February 2019
Geraldo Resende (PSDB) Holder returned to her seat. Tereza Cristina (DEM) 9 July 2019
Tereza Cristina (DEM) Licensed from 16 July 2019 to 6 August 2019 to become Minister of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Geraldo Resende (PSDB) 16 July 2019
Geraldo Resende (PSDB) Holder returned to her seat. Tereza Cristina (DEM) 6 August 2019
Tereza Cristina (DEM) Licensed since 8 August 2019 to become Minister of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply.
Second substitute was seated on the next day.		 Bia Cavassa (PSDB) 9 August 2019
Minas Gerais Marcelo Álvaro Antônio (PSL) Licensed from 1 January 2019 to 9 July 2019 to become Minister of Tourism.
Successor was seated in the beginning of the Legislature.		 Eneias Reis (PSL) 1 February 2019
Eneias Reis (PSL) Holder returned to his seat. Marcelo Álvaro Antônio (PSL) 9 July 2019
Marcelo Álvaro Antônio (PSL) Licensed from 16 July 2019 to 6 August 2019 to become Minister of Tourism.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Eneias Reis (PSL) 16 July 2019
Eneias Reis (PSL) Holder returned to his seat. Marcelo Álvaro Antônio (PSL) 6 July 2019
Marcelo Álvaro Antônio (PSL) Licensed since 8 August 2019 to become Minister of Tourism.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Eneias Reis (PSL) 8 August 2019
Bilac Pinto (DEM) Licensed since 29 August 2019 to becobe State Secretary of Government of Minas Gerais.
Second substitute was seated on the same day.		 Fabiano Tolentino (CIDADANIA) 29 August 2019
Eneias Reis (PSL) Holder returned to his seat. Marcelo Álvaro Antônio (PSL) 9 December 2020
Margarida Salomão (PT) Resigned on 1 January 2021 to become Mayor of Juíz de Fora.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Aelton Freitas (PL) 1 January 2021
Pará Edmilson Rodrigues (PSOL) Resigned on 1 January 2021 to become Mayor of Belém.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Vivi Reis (PSOL) 1 January 2021
Paraná Ney Leprevost (PSD) Licensed since 4 February 2019 to become State Secretary of Justice, Labor and Human Rights of Paraná.
Successor was seated on the next day.		 Evandro Roman (PSD) 5 February 2019
Sandro Alex (PSD) Licensed since 4 February 2019 to become State Secretary of Infrastructure and Logistics of Paraná.
Second substitute was seated on the next day.		 Reinhold Stephanes Junior (PSD) 5 February 2019
Pernambuco João Campos (PSB) Resigned on 20 December 2020 to become Mayor of Recife.
Successor was seated weeks later.		 Milton Coelho (PSB) 1 January 2021
Piauí Fábio Abreu (PL) Licensed since 28 March 2019 to become State Secretary of Public Security of Piauí.
Second substitute was seated months later.		 Paes Landim (PTB) 11 June 2019
Rio de Janeiro Jean Wyllys (PSOL) Resigned 24 January 2019 due to death threats received by him.
Successor was seated in the beginning of the Legislature.		 David Miranda (PSOL) 1 February 2019
Wagner Montes (REPUBLICANOS) Died 26 January 2019.
Successor was seated in the beginning of the Legislature.		 Jorge Braz (REPUBLICANOS) 1 February 2019
Fabiana Poubel (PSL) Licensed from 7 August to 24 October 2019 to become State Secretary of Vitimization and Support to the Person with Disabilities of Rio de Janeiro.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Ricardo Perica (PSL) 7 August 2019
Ricardo Perica (PSL) Holder returned to her seat. Fabiana Poubel (PSL) 24 October 2019
Altineu Côrtes (PL) Licensed since 18 December 2019 to become State Secretary of Environment and Sustainability of Rio de Janeiro.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Marcus Gomes (PL) 18 December 2019
Alexandre Serfiotis (PSD) Resigned on 1 January 2021 to become Mayor of Porto Real.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Pedro Augusto (PSD) 1 January 2021
Wladimir Garotinho (PSD) Resigned on 1 January 2021 to become Mayor of Campos dos Goytacazes.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Ricardo Correa (PATRI) 1 January 2021
Pedro Paulo (DEM) Licensed since 1 January 2021 to become Municipal Secretary of Finances and Planning of Rio de Janeiro.
Successor was seated on the next day.		 Marcos Soares (DEM) 2 January 2021
Marcelo Calero (CDN) Licensed since 1 January 2021 to become Municipal Secretary of Government and Public Integrity of Rio de Janeiro.
Successor was seated on the next day.		 Otavio Leite (PSDB) 2 January 2021
Daniel Silveira (PSL) Arrested on 16 February 2021 by order of Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes.
Successor was not seated.		 — —
Flordelis (PSD) Removed on 11 August 2021 for breaching parliamentary decorum.
Successor was seated weeks later.		 Jones Moura (PSD) 15 September 2021
Rio Grande do Sul Onyx Lorenzoni (DEM) Licensed since 1 January 2019 to become Chief of Staff of the Presidency.
Successor was seated in the beginning of the Legislature.		 Marcelo Brum (PSL) 1 February 2019
Osmar Terra (MDB) Licensed from 1 January 2019 to 9 July 2019 to become Minister of Citizenship.
Successor was seated in the beginning of the Legislature.		 Darcísio Perondi (MDB) 1 February 2019
Covatti Filho (PP) Licensed since 12 February 2019 to become State Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Ronaldo Santini (PTB) 12 February 2019
Marcelo Brum (PSL) Holder returned to his seat. Onyx Lorenzoni (DEM) 9 July 2019
Onyx Lorenzoni (DEM) Licensed from 16 July 2019 to 6 August 2019 to become Chief of Staff of the Presidency.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Marcelo Brum (PSL) 16 July 2019
Marcelo Brum (PSL) Holder returned to his seat. Onyx Lorenzoni (DEM) 6 August 2019
Onyx Lorenzoni (DEM) Licensed since 8 August 2019 to become Chief of Staff of the Presidency.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Marcelo Brum (PSL) 8 August 2019
Covatti Filho (PP) Licensed since 3 February 2020 to become State Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Ronaldo Santini (PTB) 3 February 2020
Darcísio Perondi (MDB) Holder returned to his seat. Osmar Terra (MDB) 18 February 2020
São Paulo Guilherme Mussi (PP) Licensed from 13 August to 13 December 2019 due to medical treatment and personal reasons.
Successor was seated on the next week.		 Miguel Haddad (PSDB) 20 August 2019
Carla Zambelli (PSL) Licensed from 29 October to 5 November 2019 due to pregnancy.
Successor was not seated.		 — —
Eli Corrêa Filho (DEM) Licensed since 12 December 2019 due to personal reason and medical treatment.
Successor was seated on the next day.		 Miguel Haddad (PSDB) 13 December 2019
Jefferson Campos (PSB) Licensed since 16 December 2019 due to personal reasons and medical treatment.
Successor was seated on the next day.		 Luiz Lauro Filho (PSDB) 17 December 2019
Luiz Flávio Gomes (PSB) Licensed from 12 February to 1 April 2020. Died on 1 April 2020.
Successor was seated in February 2020 and became holder in April 2020.		 Ricardo Silva (PSB) 17 February 2020
Renata Abreu (PODE) Licensed since 3 March 2020 for medical treatment and parental leave.
Successor was seated on the next day.		 Sinval Malheiros (PODE) 4 March 2020

Federal Senate

State Vacated by Reason for change Successor[lower-alpha 3] Date of succerssor's
formal installation
Acre Gladson Cameli (PP) Resigned on 1 January 2019 to take office as Governor of Acre.
Successor was seated days later.		 Mailza Gomes (PP) 3 January 2019
Alagoas Fernando Collor (PROS) Licensed since 3 April 2019 for personal reasons.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Renilde Bulhões (PROS) 3 April 2019
Renilde Bulhões (PROS) Holder returned to his seat. Fernando Collor (PROS) 1 August 2019
Amapá Lucas Barreto (PSD) Licensed from 16 December 2019 to 20 April 2020 due to health issues.
Successor was seated on the next day.		 Paulo Albuquerque (PSD) 17 December 2019
Paulo Albuquerque (PSD) Holder returned to his seat. Lucas Barreto (PSD) 20 April 2020
Ceará Cid Gomes (PDT) Licensed from 11 December 2019 to 11 April 2020 for personal reasons.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Prisco Bezerra (PDT) 11 December 2019
Prisco Bezerra (PDT) Holder returned to his seat. Cid Gomes (PDT) 11 April 2020
Espírito Santo Rose de Freitas (PODE) Licensed from 19 November 2019 to 26 March 2020 due to health issues.
Successor was seated on the next day.		 Luiz Pastore (MDB) 20 December 2019
Luiz Pastore (MDB) Holder returned to his seat. Rose de Freitas (PODE) 26 March 2020
Goiás Ronaldo Caiado (DEM) Resigned on 1 January 2019 to take office as Governor of Goiás.
Successor was seated on the next day.		 Luiz do Carmo (MDB) 2 January 2019
Mato Grosso Selma Arruda (PODE) Senator was removed from office by the Director's Board of the Senate after decision of the Superior Electoral Court.
Successor was seated days later.		 Carlos Fávaro (PSD)[lower-alpha 4] 17 April 2020
Minas Gerais Antônio Anastasia (PSD) Resigned on 2 February 2022 to take office as Justice of the Federal Court of Accounts.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Alexandre Silveira (PSD) 2 February 2022
Paraíba Daniella Ribeiro (PP) Licensed from September 2020 to January 2021 due to personal reasons.
Successor was seated on the same day.		 Diego Tavares (PP) 23 September 2020
Veneziano Vital do Rêgo (MDB) Licensed from September 2020 to January 2021 due to personal reasons
Successor was seated on the next week.		 Ney Suassuna (REP) 29 September 2020
José Maranhão (MDB) Licensed on 6 January 2021 to begin treatment against COVID-19
Successor was seated on the next week.
Maranhão died on 6 February 2021 and successor assumed his seat until the end of the term.		 Nilda Gondim (MDB) 12 January 2021
Diego Tavares (PP) Holder returned to her seat Daniella Ribeiro (PP) 22 January 2021
Ney Suassuna (REP) Holder returned to his seat Veneziano Vital do Rêgo (MDB) 22 January 2021
Piauí Ciro Nogueira (PP) Licensed on 27 July 2021 to assume office as Chief of Staff of the Presidency
Successor was seated of the following day		 Eliane Nogueira (PP) 28 July 2021
Rio de Janeiro Arolde de Oliveira (PSD) Died on 21 October 2020 due to complications caused by COVID-19.
Successor was seated weeks later.		 Carlos Portinho (PSD) 3 November 2020
Rio Grande do Norte Fátima Bezerra (PT) Resigned on 1 January 2019 to take office as Governor of Rio Grande do Norte.
Successor was seated days later.		 Jean Paul Prates (PT) 3 January 2019
Roraima Chico Rodrigues (DEM) Licensed from October 2020 to February 2021 due to personal reasons.
Successor wasn't seated.		 — —
— Holder returned to his seat. Chico Rodrigues (DEM) 18 February 2021
São Paulo Sérgio Olímpio (PSL) Died on 18 March 2021 due to complication caused by COVID-19.
Successor was seated two weeks later.		 Alexandre Giordano (PSL) 31 March 2021
José Serra (PSDB) Licensed on 9 August 2021 to begin treatment against Parkinson's disease.
Successor was seated days later.		 José Aníbal (PSDB) 11 August 2021

Defections and suspensions

Federal Senate

Name Date From To Constituency Reason
Alessandro Vieira 20 November 2018 Sustainability Network Cidadania Sergipe Party didn't reach the election threshold, allowing him to leave the party without any penalty.[35]
Fernando Collor 15 January 2019 Christian Labour Party Republican Party of the Social Order Alagoas Party didn't reach the election threshold, allowing him to leave the party without any penalty.[36]
Jorge Kajuru 15 January 2019 Progressive Republican Party Brazilian Socialist Party Goiás Party didn't reach the election threshold, allowing him to leave the party without any penalty. Party was also fused with Patriota after the election.[37]
9 August 2019 Brazilian Socialist Party Patriota Kajuru left the party after disagreements involving his alignment with President Jair Bolsonaro.[38]
18 September 2019 Patriota Cidadania Senator left the party to look for more seats in the Senate Committees.[39]
Eduardo Gomes 29 January 2019 Solidariedade Brazilian Democratic Movement Tocantins Senator left the party aiming a seat in the Senate Director's Board.[40]
Nelsinho Trad 30 January 2019 Brazilian Labour Party Social Democratic Party Mato Grosso do Sul Left the party stating that he was looking for an "expansion of important political spaces in the House".[41]
Lucas Barreto 30 January 2019 Brazilian Labour Party Social Democratic Party Amapá Joined Social Democratic in January 2019.[42]
Telmário Mota 31 January 2019 Brazilian Labour Party Republican Party of the Social Order Roraima Resigned from the party.[40]
Zenaide Maia Humanist Party of Solidarity Republican Party of the Social Order Rio Grande do Norte Party didn't reach the election threshold, allowing her to leave the party without any penalty. Party was also fused with Podemos.[43]
Eduardo Girão 2 February 2019 Republican Party of the Social Order Podemos Ceará Senator stated he was "looking for more protagonism".[44]
Styvenson Valentim 4 February 2019 Sustainability Network Podemos Rio Grande do Norte Party didn't reach the election threshold, allowing him to leave the party without any penalty.[45]
Lasier Martins 5 February 2019 Social Democratic Party Podemos Rio Grande do Sul Senator stated he left Social Democratic for "personal reasons".[46]
Marcos do Val 14 August 2019 Cidadania Podemos Espírito Santo Joined Podemos in August 2019 after an invitation made by senator Alvaro Dias.[47]
José Reguffe 18 September 2019 Independent Podemos Federal District Joined Podemos in September 2019.[48]
Selma Arruda Social Liberal Party Podemos Mato Grosso Resigned from Social Liberal citing "pressure coming from everywhere".[49]
Flávio Bolsonaro 12 November 2019 Social Liberal Party Independent Rio de Janeiro Resigned from Social Liberal for the creation of Alliance for Brazil.[50]
27 March 2020 Independent Republicanos Joined Republicanos in March 2020.[51]
31 May 2021 Republicanos Patriota Joined Patriota in May 2021.
Antônio Anastasia 12 February 2020 Brazilian Social Democracy Party Social Democratic Party Minas Gerais Resigned from Brazilian Social Democracy in February 2020.[52]
Vanderlan Cardoso 3 March 2020 Progressistas Social Democratic Party Goiás Resigned from Progressistas due to the party's approach to Governor Ronaldo Caiado.[53]
Kátia Abreu 11 March 2020 Democratic Labour Party Progressistas Tocantins Resigned from Democratic Labour in March 2020.[54]
Flávio Arns 31 August 2020 Sustainability Network Podemos Paraná Resigned from Sustainability Network in August 2020.[55]
Elmano Férrer 29 September 2020 Progressistas Podemos Piauí Resigned from Progressistas in September 2020.[56]
Carlos Portinho 28 December 2020 Social Democratic Party Liberal Party Rio de Janeiro Resigned from Social Democratic in December 2020.[57]
Rose de Freitas 12 January 2021 Podemos Brazilian Democratic Movement Espírito Santo Resigned from Podemos in January 2021.[58]
Veneziano Vital do Rêgo 12 January 2021 Brazilian Socialist Party Brazilian Democratic Movement Paraíba Resigned from Brazilian Socialist in January 2021.[58]
Romário Faria 8 April 2021 Podemos Liberal Party Rio de Janeiro Defected from Podemos to the Liberal Party in April 2021.[59]
Márcio Bittar 23 September 2021 Brazilian Democratic Movement Social Liberal Party Acre Defected from MDB to Social Liberal in September 2021.[60]
Rodrigo Pacheco 27 October 2021 Democrats Social Democratic Party Minas Gerais Defected to Social Democratic to run for President in 2022.[61][62]

Chamber of Deputies

Name Date From To Constituency Reason
Bia Kicis 17 January 2019 Progressive Republican Party Social Liberal Party Federal District Party didn't reach the election threshold, allowing her to leave the party without any penalty. Party was also fused with Patriota.[63]
Alex Santana 17 July 2019 Democratic Labor Party Independent Bahia Suspended from the party after disrespecting its decision to vote against the Social Security Reform.[64]
Flávio Nogueira Democratic Labor Party Independent Piauí
Gil Cutrim Democratic Labor Party Independent Maranhão
Jesus Sérgio Democratic Labor Party Independent Acre
Marlon Santos Democratic Labor Party Independent Rio Grande do Sul
Silvia Cristina Democratic Labor Party Independent Roraima
Subtenente Gonzaga Democratic Labor Party Independent Minas Gerais
Tabata Amaral Democratic Labor Party Independent São Paulo
Alexandre Frota 13 August 2019 Social Liberal Party Independent São Paulo Expelled from Social Liberal in August 2019.[65]
16 August 2019 Independent Brazilian Social Democracy Party Joined Brazilian Social Democracy after critics against Bolsonaro administration.[66]
Átila Lira 30 August 2019 Brazilian Socialist Party Independent Piauí Expelled from the party after disrespecting its decision to vote against the Social Security Reform.[67]
23 September 2019 Independent Progressistas Joined Progressistas in September 2019.[68]
Emidinho Madeira 30 August 2019 Brazilian Socialist Party Independent Minas Gerais Suspended from the party after disrespecting its decision to vote against the Social Security Reform.[67]
Felipe Carreras Brazilian Socialist Party Independent Pernambuco
Felipe Rigoni Brazilian Socialist Party Independent Espírito Santo
Jefferson Campos Brazilian Socialist Party Independent São Paulo
Liziane Bayer Brazilian Socialist Party Independent Rio Grande do Sul
Rodrigo Agostinho Brazilian Socialist Party Independent São Paulo
Rodrigo Coelho Brazilian Socialist Party Independent Santa Catarina
Rosana Valle Brazilian Socialist Party Independent São Paulo
Ted Conti Brazilian Socialist Party Independent Espírito Santo
Alê Silva 17 October 2019 Social Liberal Party Independent Minas Gerais Suspended from the party in October 2019.[69]
Bibo Nunes Social Liberal Party Independent Rio Grande do Sul
Carla Zambelli Social Liberal Party Independent São Paulo
Carlos Jordy Social Liberal Party Independent Rio de Janeiro
Alê Silva 21 October 2019 Independent Social Liberal Party Minas Gerais Reinstated.[70]
Bibo Nunes Independent Social Liberal Party Rio Grande do Sul
Carla Zambelli Independent Social Liberal Party São Paulo
Carlos Jordy Independent Social Liberal Party Rio de Janeiro
Bia Kicis 12 December 2019 Social Liberal Party Independent Federal District Expelled from Social Liberal in December 2019.
Daniel Silveira 25 February 2021 Social Liberal Party Brazilian Labour Party Rio de Janeiro Resigned from Social Liberal in February 2021.
Marcelo Freixo 11 June 2021 Socialism and Liberty Party Brazilian Socialist Party Rio de Janeiro Resigned from Socialism and Liberty in June 2021.
Rodrigo Maia 14 June 2021 Democrats Independent Rio de Janeiro Expelled from Democrats in June 2021.

By-elections

Committees

Federal Senate

Committee Chair
Agriculture and Agrarian Reform Acir Gurgacz (PDT-RO)
Constitution, Justice and Citizenship Davi Alcolumbre (DEM-AP)
Economic Affairs Otto Alencar (PSD-BA)
Education, Culture and Sports Marcelo Castro (MDB-PI)
Environment Jaques Wagner (PT-BA)
Ethics and Parliamentary Decorum Jayme Campos (DEM-MT)
Foreign Affairs and National Defence Kátia Abreu (PP-TO)
Human Rights and Participative Legislation Humberto Costa (PT-PE)
Infrastructure Services Dário Berger (MDB-SC)
Regional Development and Tourism Fernando Collor (PROS-AL)
Science, Technology, Innovation, Communication and Computing Rodrigo Cunha (PSDB-AL)
Social Affairs Sérgio Petecão (PSD-AC)
Transparency, Governance, Inspection and Control and Consumer Defence José Reguffe (PODE-DF)

Chamber of Deputies

Committee Chair
Agriculture, Livestock, Supply and Rural Development Aline Sleutjes (PSL-PR)
Consumer Defence Celso Russomanno (REPUBLICANOS-SP)
Constitution, Justice and Citizenship Bia Kicis (PSL-DF)
Culture Alice Portugal (PCdoB-BA)
Defense of Women Rights Elcione Barbalho (MDB-PA)
Defense of Elderly Rights Frederico Escaleira (PATRI-MG)
Defense of People with Disabilities Rights Rejane Dias (PT-PI)
Economic Development, Industry, Trade and Services Otto Alencar Filho (PSD-BA)
Education Dorinha Seabra Rezende (DEM-TO)
Environment and Sustainable Development Carla Zambelli (PSL-SP)
Finances and Taxation Júlio Cesar (PSD-PI)
Financial Supervision and Control Aureo Ribeiro (SOLIDARIEDADE-RJ)
Foreign Affairs and National Defence Aécio Neves (PSDB-MG)
Human Rights and Minorities Carlos Veras (PT-PE)
Labour, Administration and Public Service Afonso Motta (PDT-RS)
Mines and Energy Edio Lopes (PL-RR)
National Integration, Regional Development and Amazon Cristiano Vale (PL-PA)
Participative Legislation Waldenor Pereira (PT-BA)
Public Security and Fight Against Organized Crime Emanuel Pinheiro Neto (PTB-MT)
Roads and Transports Gutemberg Reis (MDB-RJ)
Science and Technology, Communication and Computing Aliel Machado (PSB-PR)
Social Security and Family Luiz Teixeira Jr. (PP-RJ)
Sports Felipe Carreras (PSB-PE)
Tourism João Carlos Bacelar (PODE-BA)
Urban Development José Priante (MDB-PA)

Parliamentary Inquiry Committees

Committee Reason Chair Rapporteur House Status
Brumadinho dam disaster Investigate the causes of the dam disruption of Mina Córrego do Feijão on 25 January 2019. Rogério Correa (PT-MG) Júlio Delgado (PSB-MG) Chamber of Deputies Finished
Illicit practices in BNDES Investigate illicit practices occurred in the Brazilian Development Bank between 2003 and 2015. Vanderlei Macris (PSDB-SP) Altineu Côrtes (PL-RJ) Chamber of Deputies Finished
Fake news Investigate the spread of fake news during the 2018 election. Angelo Coronel (PSD-BA) Lídice da Mata (PSB-BA) National Congress Suspended
Oil leak in the Northeast Investigate the oil leak in the beaches of Brazil's Northeast region. Herculano Passos (MDB-SP) Vacant[lower-alpha 5] Chamber of Deputies Finished
Chapecoense flight crash aftermath Oversight the situation of families of the victims of the LaMia Flight 2933 crash on 28 November 2016. Jorginho Mello (PL-SC) Izalci Lucas (PSDB-DF) Senate Active
Amazon rainforest wildfires Investigate the causes of the increase of slash-and-burn index in the Legal Amazon. TBA TBA Senate TBI
COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil Investigate the acts of the federal government to contain the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Omar Aziz (PSD-AM) Renan Calheiros (MDB-AL) Senate Finished

Notes

  1. ↑ As in Brazil the government is formed by a coalition, it is hard for a party to reach the majority of 257 deputies and/or 41 senators. Therefore, the majority party is the one with more members in each house.
  2. ↑ The successor is always the first substitute available of the party's coalition in the state. He may or may not be from the same party of the first holder.
  3. ↑ The successor is always the first substitute available of the party's coalition in the state. He may or may not be from the same party of the first holder.
  4. ↑ Carlos Fávaro placed 3rd in the 2018 Senate election, but served as Senator until the next special election.
  5. ↑ Dep. João Campos (PSB-PE) resigned from his term to take office as Mayor of Recife on 1 January 2021.[71]

References

  1. ↑ Caesar, Gabriela (8 October 2018). "Saiba como eram e como ficaram as bancadas na Câmara dos Deputados, partido a partido" (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  2. ↑ "Composição do Senado salta de 15 para 21 partidos em 2019" (in Portuguese). Senado Notícias. 3 January 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  3. ↑ "Rodrigo Maia é reeleito para a presidência da Câmara dos Deputados" (in Portuguese). CBN. 1 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
  4. ↑ "Com confusão, sessão de eleição para presidente do Senado é suspensa" (in Portuguese). GaúchaZH. 1 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
  5. ↑ Garcia, Gustavo; Mazui, Guilherme; Netto, João Claudio (2 February 2019). "Após desistência de Renan e duas votações, Davi Alcolumbre é eleito presidente do Senado em 1º turno" (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  6. ↑ "Congresso Nacional abre trabalhos de 2019 em 4 de fevereiro" (in Portuguese). Senado Notícias. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
  7. ↑ Calgaro, Fernanda; Garcia, Gustavo; Amato, Fábio; Barbiéri, Luiz Felipe; Vivas, Fernanda (10 July 2019). "Câmara aprova em primeiro turno por 379 votos a 131 o texto-base da reforma da Previdência" (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  8. ↑ Garcia, Gustavo; Resende, Sara (25 September 2019). "CCJ do Senado submete a sabatina Augusto Aras, indicado para procurador-geral de República" (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 25 September 2019.
  9. ↑ "Senado aprova indicação de Augusto Aras para a PGR" (in Portuguese). Senado Notícias. 25 September 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  10. ↑ Resende, Sara; Garcia, Gustavo (22 October 2019). "Previdência: Senado aprova texto-base, mas adia conclusão da votação para esta quarta" (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  11. ↑ Arbex, Thais; Brant, Danielle; Mattoso, Camila (4 December 2019). "Câmara aprova pacote anticrime sem principais bandeiras de Moro" (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  12. ↑ "Sessão solene do Congresso inaugura o ano legislativo" (in Portuguese). Câmara dos Deputados. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
  13. ↑ Calgaro, Fernanda; Clavery, Elisa (18 March 2020). "Coronavírus: Câmara aprova decreto que reconhece estado de calamidade pública" (in Portuguese). G1. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
  14. ↑ Baptista, Rodrigo (20 March 2020). "Em sessão histórica, Senado aprova calamidade pública contra covid-19" (in Portuguese). Agência Senado. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
  15. ↑ Said, Flávia (21 October 2020). "Por 57 votos a 10, Senado aprova Kassio Nunes Marques para o STF". Congresso em Foco (in Portuguese). Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  16. ↑ "Definidos os horários para a eleição da nova Mesa Diretora da Câmara". Câmara dos Deputados (in Portuguese). 28 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  17. ↑ "Eleição da Mesa e abertura do ano legislativo acontecem segunda e quarta". Senado Notícias (in Portuguese). 28 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  18. ↑ Azevedo, Alessandra (3 February 2021). "Congresso abre trabalhos legislativos de 2021 nesta quarta-feira". Exame (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  19. ↑ Amaral, Luciana (13 April 2021). "CPI da Covid no Senado investigará União e repasses a estados e municípios". UOL Notícias (in Portuguese). Retrieved 13 April 2021.
  20. ↑ Cruz, Valdo (20 August 2021). "Bolsonaro envia ao Senado pedido de impeachment do ministro do STF Alexandre de Moraes". G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 21 August 2021.
  21. ↑ Lara, Rafaela; Ferrari, Murillo; Zucchi, Gustavi (24 August 2021). "Aras é sabatinado na CCJ do Senado para recondução à PGR; acompanhe". CNN Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
  22. ↑ Garcia, Gustavo; Falcão, Márcio (24 August 2021). "Plenário do Senado aprova novo mandato de 2 anos para Augusto Aras como procurador-geral". G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 25 August 2021.
  23. ↑ Nery, Natuza (25 August 2021). "Pacheco rejeita pedido de impeachment de Bolsonaro contra Alexandre de Moraes". G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 25 August 2021.
  24. ↑ Pedroso, Rodrigo (27 October 2021). "Brazilian commission votes in favor of recommending criminal charges against Bolsonaro". CNN. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  25. ↑ Brito, Ricardo (26 October 2021). "Brazil Senate committee approves report calling Bolsonaro to be indicted". Reuters. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  26. ↑ Neves, Rafael (1 December 2021). "Quatro meses após indicação, Senado aprova Mendonça par vaga no STF". UOL Notícias (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  27. ↑ Mattos, Marcela; Felipe, Luiz; Garcia, Gustavo; Resende, Sara (2 February 2022). "Com presenças de Bolsonaro e Fux, Congresso faz sessão de abertura do ano legislativo". G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  28. ↑ "Sob intenso debate, PEC da Transição é aprovada no Senado". Senado Notícias (in Portuguese). 7 December 2022. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
  29. ↑ Watson, Katy; Davies, Alys (1 January 2023). "Lula sworn in as Brazil president as predecessor Bolsonaro flies to US". BBC. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  30. ↑ John, Tara; Reverdosa, Marcia; Jones, Julia; Pozzebon, Stefano; Pedroso, Rodrigo; Tucker, Emma (1 January 2023). "Lula da Silva sworn in as Brazil's president amid fears of violence from Bolsonaro supporters". CNN. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  31. ↑ Charner, Flora; Reverdosa, Marcia; Pedroso, Rodrigo; Andone, Dakin; Elassar, Alaa; Chen, Heather (9 January 2023). "Bolsonaro supporters break into Brazilian Congress and presidential palace". CNN. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
  32. ↑ Sullivan, Helen (9 January 2023). "Brazil congress attack: what we know so far". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
  33. ↑ Costa, Mariana; Portela, Júlia (9 January 2023). "Com 1,5 mil extremistas presos, DF receberá 500 policiais de 10 estados para Força Nacional". Metrópoles (in Portuguese). Retrieved 11 January 2023.
  34. ↑ "Intervenção federal na segurança pública do DF vai a promulgação". Senado Notícias (in Portuguese). 10 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
  35. ↑ Krüger, Ana (20 November 2018). "Senador eleito com mais votos em Sergipe troca Rede pelo PPS e aposta em fusão dos partidos" (in Portuguese). Congresso em Foco. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  36. ↑ Rellstab, Clara (16 January 2019). "Senador Fernando Collor anuncia filiação ao PROS" (in Portuguese). Metro1. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  37. ↑ "Carlos Siqueira abona ficha de filiação de Jorge Kajuru, senador eleito por Goiás" (in Portuguese). Partido Socialista Brasileiro. 15 January 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  38. ↑ "Kajuru anuncia troca de partido: "Querem que eu seja inimigo de Bolsonaro"" (in Portuguese). Último Segundo. 9 August 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  39. ↑ Siqueira, André (18 September 2019). "Após consultar Datena, Jorge Kajuru anuncia ida ao Cidadania" (in Portuguese). Veja. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  40. 1 2 Neves, Rafael (31 January 2019). "Sete senadores que serão empossados nesta sexta trocaram de partido" (in Portuguese). Congresso em Foco. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  41. ↑ Henri, Guilherme (30 January 2019). "Senador Nelsinho Trad deixa o PTB e confirma filiação ao PSD" (in Portuguese). Campo Grande News. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  42. ↑ "PSD consolida posição de segunda bancada no Senado" (in Portuguese). Partido Social Democrático. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  43. ↑ Gregório, Heitor (31 January 2019). "Zenaide se filia ao PROS" (in Portuguese). Tribuna do Norte. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  44. ↑ "Girão muda de partido em busca de maior protagonismo" (in Portuguese). O Povo. 4 February 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  45. ↑ "Styvenson está filiado ao Podemos" (in Portuguese). Tribuna do Norte. 5 February 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  46. ↑ Barbosa, Rafael (5 February 2019). "Senador Lasier Martins (RS) deixa o PSD e filia-se ao Podemos" (in Portuguese). Poder360. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  47. ↑ Waltenberg, Guilherme (14 August 2019). "Podemos anuncia filiação do senador Marcos do Val à sigla" (in Portuguese). Metrópoles. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  48. ↑ "Reguffe entra para o Podemos, que vira segunda bancada no Senado" (in Portuguese). Senado Notícias. 18 September 2019.
  49. ↑ Maklouf Carvalho, Luiz (14 September 2019). "Vou sair do PSL. Na próxima 4ª feira vou me filiar ao Podemos" (in Portuguese). Estadão. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  50. ↑ Sabóia, Gabriel (12 November 2019). "Flávio Bolsonaro anuncia desfiliação do PSL" (in Portuguese). Uol. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  51. ↑ "Flavio e Carlos Bolsonaro se filiam ao partido Republicanos" (in Portuguese). R7. 27 March 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
  52. ↑ "Senado Antonio Anastasia assina ficha de filiação ao PSD" (in Portuguese). Partido Social Democrático. 12 February 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  53. ↑ Aidar, Bruna (3 March 2020). "Senador Vanderlan Cardoso deixa o PP e vai para o PSD". Metrópoles (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 November 2020.
  54. ↑ Maia, Mateus (11 March 2020). "Kátia Abreu deixa PDT e vai para o Progressistas" (in Portuguese). Poder360. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  55. ↑ Arns, Flávia (31 August 2020). "Senador Flávio Arns deixa a Rede e reforça bancada do Podemos". Congresso em Foco (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 November 2020.
  56. ↑ Said, Flávia (1 October 2020). "Senador Elmano Férrer deixa o Podemos e vai para o PP". Congresso em Foco (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 November 2020.
  57. ↑ Maia, Mateus (28 December 2020). "PL anuncia filiação do senador Carlos Portinho, que era do PSD". Poder360 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 January 2021.
  58. 1 2 Garcia, Gustavo (12 January 2021). "MDB anuncia candidatura de Simone Tebet à presidência do Senado". G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  59. ↑ "Romário anuncia filiação ao PL: 'Admiro a forma como o partido é conduzido'". UOL Notícias (in Portuguese). 8 April 2021. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
  60. ↑ "Márcio Bittar deixa o MDB e deve comandar a fusão de DEM e PSL no Acre". Folha do Acre (in Portuguese). 24 September 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  61. ↑ Barbiéri, Luiz Felipe (27 October 2021). "Presidente do Senado, Rodrigo Pacheco se filia ao PSD de Gilberto Kassab". G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  62. ↑ Felice, Raphael (27 October 2021). "É oficial: Pacheco é anunciado como candidato à Presidência pelo PSD". Correio Braziliense (in Portuguese). Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  63. ↑ Ferraz, Ian (17 January 2019). "Bia Kicis anuncia a Bolsonaro ida ao PSL e pede presidência da CCJ" (in Portuguese). Metrópoles. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  64. ↑ Góes, Bruno (17 July 2019). "PDT suspende atividades de Tabata Amaral e outros 7 deputados que votaram a favor da reforma" (in Portuguese). O Globo. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  65. ↑ Portinari, Natália (13 August 2019). "Alexandre Frota é expulso do PSL após críticas a Bolsonaro" (in Portuguese). O Globo. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  66. ↑ Roxo, Sérgio (16 August 2019). "Alexandre Frota se filia ao PSDB: 'PSL tem Queiroz', diz sobre Aécio Neves" (in Portuguese). O Globo. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  67. 1 2 Barbosa, Marina (30 August 2019). "PSB expulsa um e suspende outros nove deputados que votaram a favor da Previdência" (in Portuguese). Congresso em Foco. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  68. ↑ Pereira, Lucas (12 September 2019). "Ciro Nogueira anuncia filiação de Átila Lira ao PP" (in Portuguese). Teresina Diário. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  69. ↑ Pompeu, Lauriberto (17 October 2019). "Zambelli, Bibo e Alê estão suspensos do PSL; expulsão é próximo passo" (in Portuguese). Congresso em Foco. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  70. ↑ Fernandes, Talita (21 October 2010). "Em nova reviravolta, Delegado Waldir decide entregar liderança do PSL" (in Portuguese). Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  71. ↑ Alves, Pedro (1 January 2021). "João Campos toma posse como prefeito de Recife e promete fortalecer educação pública e combate à Covid-19". G1 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 January 2021.
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