Aden-Abyan Islamic Army
جيش عدن أبين الإسلامي
LeadersZein al-Abideen al-Mehdar †[1]
Dates of operation1990s–present
HeadquartersAbyan, Yemen
Active regionsSouthern Yemen
IdeologySalafist jihadism
Islamic fundamentalism
Part of Al-Qaeda Emirate in Yemen
Allies AQAP

Ansar al-Sharia

al-Shabaab
Opponents Yemen
Battles and warsAl-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen

The Aden-Abyan Islamic Army (AAIA, Arabic: جيش عدن أبين الإسلامي) is an Islamist militant group based in southern Yemen, led by Zein al-Abideen al-Mehdar (also known as Abu El-Hassan El-Mohader).[2] The group has been designated as a terrorist organization by Bahrain,[3] Canada and the United Kingdom.[4] The group is thought to have organized in southern Yemen in the mid 1990s, with members that include veterans from the Soviet war in Afghanistan.[5] Their stated mission is to "promote jihad in the fight against secularism in Yemen and other Arab States; to establish an Islamic government in Yemen".[6]

History

The Aden Abyan Islamic Army has strong ties with the al-Qaeda network.[5]

The group was formed sometime between mid-1990s as a loose guerrilla network of a few dozen men. Issued the first series of political and religious statements on Yemeni and world affairs.

The group,"Aden-Abyan was formed sometime in either 1996 or 1997 as a loose guerrilla network of a few dozen men—a mix of veterans of the Soviet-Afghan war and Islamists from various countries."[7] In terms of the formation and background on the AAIA,The name “Aden-Abyan Islamic Army” is a right-wing terrorist organization that is composed of religious ultra-conservatives, mujahideen, and deposed aristocrats. Other supporters of the AAIA include Yemenis of Aden, Abyan and liberals, socialists, and social conservatives[8] The groups stated goal is to "hoist the banner of al-Jihad, and fight secularism in Yemen and the Arab countries."[9] These were seen through the series of political and religious statements on Yemeni and world affairs."[7] "The name “Aden-Abyan Islamic Army” appeals to the right wing, but also to some extent echoes the frustrations of Yemenis from Aden, Abyan and elsewhere in the former South, including liberals and socialists as well as social conservatives."[8]

Zein al-Abideen al-Mehdar was arrested on December 1998 for his role in the abduction of a group of tourists and the killing of four of them, he was incommunicado and he was denied to access to lawyers. He was executed on October 1999.[10]

Claimed attacks

On August 28, 1999, a large explosion went off in the city center of Sanaa, Yemen, setting the city's largest shopping center on fire, leaving two civilians dead and other 12 injured. The Adan Abyan Islamic Army (AAIA) claimed the credit for this attack.[11]

The Aden-Abyan took responsibility for the October 2002 suicide bombing of the French oil tanker MV Limberg, which killed a crew member and wounded twelve more.[12][13] In August of 2012 prosecutors in the Guantanamo war crimes tribunals started to file more terrorism charges on Ahmed al Darbi, pointing it out for the bombing of the MV Limberg.[14][15] In February 2014, al Darbi admitted it helped plan the attack.[16]

Many believe that this attack was connected to the USS Cole bombing in 2000. This was one of the attacks that this group is best known for. Some events that took place previously to this include the kidnapping in 1988, where 16 Western tourists were held hostage, some of which were killed in a failed rescue attempt.[17] In addition to this, the Aden Abyan Islamic Army claimed "attacks on Yemeni socialists prior to the 1993 parliamentary elections"[8] This group has continued to wreak havoc on the lives of people in Aden and throughout the west. One of these include the attack in October 2000, where two suicide bombers aligned with Aden Abyan to explode their boat along the USS Cole"[5] This became a very important attack for the group because it gained a lot of recognition from people around the world being able to see what the group's intentions were.

Suspected militants from the AAIA attacked six truck military medical convoy in the Habaab region of Yemen’s Abyan Province. The attackers wounded seven people, including several medics, in the ambush.[18]

Credibility

This group mostly teamed up with the al-Qaeda networks in order to take part in attacks, which gave them credibility as a terrorist organization.

This group is mostly known for their work with Al-Qaida, having assisted the group in various attacks on western enemies. Their work with al-Qaeda has brought credibility to the group by showing that they are capable of working with a group as large as AQ.Through their work with the large group, the Aden Abyan Islamic Army "received financial and material support from Al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden (deceased) in exchange for its support for Al-Qaida’s agenda."[19] This gave the group a sense of power, being given tangible and intangible support from al-Qaeda in exchange for help in their endeavors.

References

  1. ↑ "Aden-Abyan Islamic Army". Archived from the original on 2006-02-10. Retrieved 2006-02-12.
  2. ↑ Pike, John. "Aden-Abyan Islamic Army". www.globalsecurity.org. Archived from the original on 2006-02-10. Retrieved 2006-02-12.
  3. ↑ "Bahrain Terrorist List (Individuals – entities)".
  4. ↑ "Terrorism Act 2000". Schedule 2, Act No. 11 of 2000. Archived from the original on 2013-01-21. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
  5. 1 2 3 "Aden-Abyan Islamic Army | militant organization". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-05-11.
  6. ↑ "Islamic Army of Aden (IAA) - Mackenzie Institute". Mackenzie Institute. 7 January 2016. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
  7. 1 2 Kushner, Harvey (2003), "Aden-Abyan Islamic Army", Encyclopedia of Terrorism (1 ed.), SAGE Publications, Inc., p. 7, doi:10.4135/9781412952590, ISBN 9780761924081, retrieved 2019-05-11
  8. 1 2 3 "Yemen and the Aden-Abyan Islamic Army | MERIP". merip.org. Retrieved 2019-04-11.
  9. ↑ "Aden-Abyan Islamic Army". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2019-05-11.
  10. ↑ Amnesty International (June 2000). "Amnesty International Report 2000 - Yemen". Refworld. UNHCR. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
  11. ↑ "GTD ID:199908280003". Global Terrorism Database. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
  12. ↑ Henley, Jon; Stewart, Heather (7 October 2002). "Al-Qaida suspected in tanker explosion". The Guardian. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
  13. ↑ Savage, Charlie (20 February 2014). "Guantánamo Detainee Pleads Guilty in 2002 Attack on Tanker Off Yemen". The New York Times. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
  14. ↑ "U.S. charges Saudi at Guantanamo with plotting to bomb oil tankers". Reuters. 30 August 2012. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
  15. ↑ "US charges Saudi at Guantanamo with plotting to bomb oil". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
  16. ↑ "Guantanamo prisoner al-Darbi admits MV Limburg attack". BBC News. 20 February 2014. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
  17. ↑ "The Resiliency of Yemen's Aden-Abyan Islamic Army". Jamestown. Retrieved 2019-05-11.
  18. ↑ "200306230005". Global Terrorism Database. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
  19. ↑ "Islamic Army Of Aden | United Nations Security Council". www.un.org. Retrieved 2019-05-11.
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