Agatsuma Line
A 211 series EMU, 2020
Overview
Native name	吾妻線
Owner	JR East
Locale	Gunma Prefecture
Termini	Shibukawa Ōmae
Stations	18
Service
Type	Regional rail
History
Opened	1945
Technical
Line length	55.6 km (34.5 mi)
Track gauge	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)
Electrification	1,500 V DC overhead catenary
Route map

The Agatsuma Line (吾妻線, Agatsuma-sen) is a local rail line in Gunma, Japan, and is part of the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) network. Approximately following the Agatsuma River, it is 55.6 km between Shibukawa and Ōmae stations.

Operations

Although the official start of the line is at Shibukawa, all trains run through on the Jōetsu Line to/from Takasaki.

Stations

55.6 km post marking the end of the line at Ōmae Station

All stations are in the Gunma Prefecture.

Rolling stock

History

The line opened on 2 January 1945 as the freight-only Naganohara Line (長野原線) operating between Shibukawa and Naganohara Station (長野原駅) (present-day Naganohara-Kusatsuguchi Station).^[2] Passenger services were introduced as far as Nakanojō from 5 August 1945, to Iwashima from 20 November 1945, and to Naganohara-Kusatsuguchi from 20 April 1946.^[2]

The remains of the former Ōshi Station in June 2013

On 1 October 1952, the line was extended to Ōshi Station (太子駅), initially for freight only, but passengers services were also introduced from 21 June 1954.^[2] Freight services between Shibukawa and Ōshi ceased as of 1 October 1966.^[2]

Services on the section between Naganohara and Ōshi were suspended as of 1 November 1970, and on 7 March 1971, a new line was opened beyond Naganohara to Ōmae, with the entire line renamed Agatsuma Line at the same time.^[2] The Naganohara-Kusatsuguchi to Ōshi line was formally closed as of 1 May 1971.^[2] CTC signalling on the entire line was also commissioned at the same time.

With the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987, the Agatsuma Line came under the ownership of JR East.^[2]

It had been proposed to extend the line to Nagano, but geological exploratory drilling revealed extensive faulting beyond Ōmae, and as any extension would have required extensive tunnelling, this was considered impractical.

Yanba Dam construction

The Yanba Dam was proposed for construction, and required the realignment of the line between Iwashima and Naganohara-Kusatsuguchi. Construction of the diversion was well advanced when a change of government in 2009 resulted in the project being halted. Another change of government in 2012 revived the project. Services on the old section of the line were suspended following the last scheduled service on 24 September 2014 to allow commissioning of the new alignment.^[3] The new alignment opened for passenger services on 1 October 2014.^[3] The new route is 0.3 km shorter, resulting in the shortest tunnel in Japan, the 7m Tarusawa Tunnel, being abandoned, although it is not inundated by the new dam.^[4][5]

Points of interest

The Agatsuma Line is noted for numerous onsen hot springs along the route. The famous hot springs at Kusatsu are some distance north of the line, but several rural onsen such as those at Shima, Sawatari, Kawarayu, and Shiriyaki are more accessible.

Mount Asama, Mount Kusatsu-Shirane, and the Agatsuma Canyon can all be seen from the Agatsuma Line, though the canyon will be inundated when the Yanba Dam is commissioned.

References