Alice De Lancey Izard
portrait painting of a young woman
Alice De Lancey Izard, portrait by Thomas Gainsborough
Born
Alice De Lancey

1745
New York City, U.s.
DiedApril 1, 1832
Occupationsocialite
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1767; died 1804)​
Children14, including Henry Izard, Ralph DeLancey Izard, George Izard, Charlotte Izard
RelativesStephen De Lancey (brother)
James De Lancey (brother)
James De Lancey (uncle)
Oliver De Lancey (uncle)
Étienne de Lancy (grandfather)
Cadwallader Colden (grandfather)

Alice De Lancey Izard (née, De Lancey;[lower-alpha 1] 1745 – April 1, 1832) was an American socialite. Her life was one of varied experiences, reaching from the seclusion of a South Carolina plantation where she introduced the culture of silkworms, hoping it to be a benefit to the state, to the social life in European cities. She spent several winters prior to the American Revolution in London society, after which she resided in Paris, where she was said to be admired at exclusive French salons. She accompanied her husband, Ralph Izard, to the Court of the Grand Duke of Tuscany.[1] Mrs. Izard took on the role of a politician's wife while her husband served as a U.S. Senator. In her later years, widowed, she conducted dinner parties in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Born in New York City into a well-connected family, her grandfathers were Étienne de Lancy and Cadwallader Colden. She had several siblings, including brothers Stephen De Lancey and James De Lancey. Mr. and Mrs. Izard had fourteen children including, Ralph DeLancey Izard and George Izard.

Early life

Alice De Lancey was born in New York City,[2] 1745.[3][4][lower-alpha 2] She was the second daughter[6] of Peter DeLancey (1705–1770), of Westchester County, New York,[7] and Elizabeth (née Colden) DeLancey.

Among her siblings were brothers, James De Lancey, a Loyalist, and Stephen DeLancey, both later serving as members of the General Assembly of Nova Scotia. In 1775, her sister, Jane Delancey (1750–1809)[8] married John Watts in a double wedding, along with her sister, Susannah Delancey (1754–1837), who married Thomas Henry Barclay.[9] Jane and her husband resided in Broadway; during the first session of the first Congress, the Watts entertained Senator Izard and family in the spacious Watts mansion.[1]

Alice's paternal grandparents were French immigrant Étienne de Lancy and Anne (née Van Cortlandt) DeLancey, herself the third child of Gertrude (née Schuyler) Van Cortlandt and Stephanus Van Cortlandt, the Chief justice of the Province of New York.[10] Her maternal grandfather, Cadwallader Colden, and her uncle, James De Lancey served as Colonial Governors of New York.[1][3][11]

Her girlhood was spent in New York's social circles.[12]

Career

South Carolina

In 1767, Alice married Ralph Izard, of South Carolina, whom she had met while he was a student at Harvard University. He had been educated at the University of Cambridge, and after returning to America, had passed his winters in South Carolina and his summers in New York City.[13] He was financially well-off and of a high social standing.[12]

"The Elms" (ruins)

The first few years of their married life were spent upon "The Elms", the old Izard estate in South Carolina. "The Elms" was located on Goose Creek, a tributary of the Cooper River. In this house, the Izards entertained Lafayette lavishly when he made his tour of the country, one of the octagonal shaped wings of the house being fitted up ifor his entertainment. Here, Lafayette spent a night, and ever afterwards this wing was known as Lafayette's Lodge.[14] Here, also, Mrs. Izard adapted herself to a life very different from that to which she had been accustomed. Her husband being a man of great wealth, and the Izards one of the most distinguished families of the South, having emigrated to South Carolina in 1694, the young woman found for herself a ready-made position, and though existence upon a plantation might have bored her, Mrs. Izard readily adapted herself to the change. It was Mrs. Lizard who introduced into South Carolina the culture of silk worms, hoping it to be a benefit to the state. The garden at The Elms was her especial care and pride, with its rose trees, cape jessamine hedges, and the flowers that blossomed each year.[12]

Europe

Ralph and Alice Izard by John Singleton Copley

About 1771, the Izards went to Europe and took up residence in London, the prime reason being the education of their children, though it was also the case that Mr. Izard wanted to spend a few years of life with his English friends who had high positions at the English Court. While in Europe, Mrs. Izard became quite fashionable. Artists begged her to sit for them.; men sought introduction to her. Women copied her gowns and bonnets and tried to imitate the Southern drawl that Mrs. Izard had adopted.[12] In 1774, Mr. and Mrs. Izard travelled in France, Switzerland, and Italy, leaving their children in England.[15]

In 1777, Mr. Izard removed his family to Paris, France, where Mrs. Izard met with the same social success she had known in other countries. She was admired at exclusive salons, her domestic life being given even greater note at these gatherings.[12] A few months later, they were in Florence, Italy, Mr. Izard having been appointed Commissioner from Congress to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. He was always accompanied by Mrs. Izard, who was fond of adventure.[13] With the outbreak of the American Revolution, Mrs. Izard was eager to return with her husband to the U.S., but this was impractical owing to the dangers of the voyage. In 1780, he returned to the U.S. while Mrs. Izard stayed in France with their children.[12]

Return to the U.S.

Mrs. Izard brought her family back to the U.S. in 1783,[2] where once more they took up their residence at The Elms. From 1789 to 1795, Mr. Izard represented South Carolina in the United States Senate.[12]

During the seven years' illness of her husband, she managed his affairs. This included the supervision of The Elms, a large estate. By this time, her children were grown, with the exception of one who had died, leaving to her the entire care of two orphan grandchildren. Mr. Izard died near Charleston on May 30, 1804, at the age of 62. He was interred in the churchyard of St. James Goose Creek Episcopal Church, near Charleston.[16] Widowed, she removed to Philadelphia where she hosted dinner parties and other gatherings of the city's social elite.[17]

Personal life

In 1767, she married Ralph Izard. Through her marriage, she accepted very different views from her family as to the patriot cause. Her family members were staunch Loyalists, while Mr. Izard identified with Southern politics. However, Mrs. Izard was tactful, never letting politics interfere with her relationships.[12]

Ralph DeLancey Izard (son)
George Izard (son)
Margaret Izard Manigault (daughter)

The couple had fourteen children together, but only seven survived past early childhood, including:[18]

Alice De Lancey Lizard died April 1, 1832,[19] at the age of 87.[12]

Paintings

While she was a resident of London the portrait of her was painted by Thomas Gainsborough, R. A. In this portrait, she is simply gowned in white. the low-cut bodice is surplice fashioned and into the folds is added a pink rose with leaves and bud. The loose sleeves fall from sloping shoulders, being relieved where they are thrown back, with a bit of narrow lace. The waist is outlined by a tied scarf of blue which is in contrast to the roses tumbling from the basket held by the fingers of her left hand. The natural oval of the face is accentuated by the towering hairstyle into which is twined a rope of pearls, the same jewels clasped at the throat. The forehead is high; the brow raised a trifle, the eyes blue, while the small ear set close to the head, the slim straight nose and mouth attest the beauty of the young matron. Altogether, Gainsborough was at his best in this portrait, into which he has offered no landscape background to detract. Upon the back of the canvas is inscribed: "Mrs. Alice Izard, formerly Alice De Lancey. Painted in London, by Gainsborough, in 1772."[12]

Copley also presents this woman in a portrait of herself and husband, done when they were in Rome, in 1774. By the time the artist had completed his work, which is after the style of Reynolds, and considered one of his finest specimens, the Revolution was hovering over the Colonies, so no money could be sent Mr. Izard from his South Carolina home, and as the cost was two hundred guineas, he was forced to leave the painting with Copley. For 50 years, it remained stored away in the attic of that family.[12]

Later, she sat to Malbone for a miniature.[12]

Notes

  1. ↑ Her maiden name and the surname of family members also appears as Delancey, de Lancey, de Lancy, or DeLancey.
  2. ↑ The Metropolitan Museum of Art records Alice's year of birth as 1746/47.[5]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Lamb, Martha Joanna (1921). History of the City of New York: Its Origin, Rise and Progress ... by Martha J. Lamb. Valentine's Manual. pp. 353–54. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Wikisource. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. 1 2 Morris, Robert (1999). Papers of Robert Morris, 1781-84: Volume 9. Vol. 9. Pittsubrgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-0-8229-7049-1. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  3. 1 2 "118. Izard, Mrs. Ralph. 1745-1832. S. 1774.". Catalogue of the Loan Exhibition of Historical Portraits and Relics, Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, April 17th to May 8th, 1889. The Committee. 1889. p. 34. Retrieved 8 July 2022. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. ↑ "Alice de Lancey Izard". npg.si.edu. National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  5. ↑ "Mrs. Ralph Izard (Alice De Lancey, 1746/47–1832)". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  6. ↑ The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine. South Carolina Historical Society. 1901. p. 214. Retrieved 8 July 2022. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  7. ↑ Izard, Ralph (1844). Correspondence of Mr. Ralph Izard, of South Carolina: From the Year 1774 to 1804; with a Short Memoir. C. S. Francis. p. 6. Retrieved 8 July 2022. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  8. ↑ "Rose Hill Park Highlights: NYC Parks". www.nycgovparks.org. New York City Department of Parks & Recreation. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  9. ↑ Valentine's Manual of Old New York. Valentine's Manual Incorporated. 1919. p. 159. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  10. ↑ "Loyalist, Col. James Delancey UE, born 1746 or 1747, died 1804". www.thefreelibrary.com. 2016 United Empire Loyalists' Association 02 Nov. 2017 - The Free Library. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
  11. ↑ Ketchum, Richard M. (2002). Divided Loyalties: How the American Revolution Came to New York. Macmillan. p. 374. ISBN 978-0-8050-6119-2. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Sale, Edith Tunis (1912). Old Time Belles and Cavaliers. J. B. Lippincott. pp. 109–16. ISBN 978-0-7222-4647-4. Retrieved 8 July 2022. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  13. 1 2 Griswold, Rufus Wilmot (1855). The Republican Court: Or, American Society in the Days of Washington. D. Appleton. ISBN 978-0-608-42120-9. Retrieved 8 July 2022. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  14. ↑ Leiding, Harriette Kershaw (1921). Historic Houses of South Carolina. J.B. Lippincott. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-7222-4570-5. Retrieved 8 July 2022. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  15. ↑ "Ralph Izard". Newport History: Bulletin of the Newport Historical Society. The Society. 40–42: 24. 1967. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  16. ↑ "IZARD, Ralph (c 1741-1804)". bioguideretro.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  17. ↑ Turner, Annie. "Republican Court: Alice De Lancey Izard (1745-1832)". librarycompany.org. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  18. ↑ "University of West Georgia". Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  19. ↑ MacKenzie, George Norbury (19 April 2020). Colonial families of the United States of America, Vol. VI. Wildside Press LLC. p. 283. ISBN 978-1-4794-5009-1. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
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