Amal Clooney
Clooney in 2014
Born
Amal Alamuddin

(1978-02-03) 3 February 1978
Beirut, Lebanon
Citizenship
  • Lebanon
  • United Kingdom
Education
OccupationBarrister
Years active2000–present
Spouse
​
(m. 2014)​
Children2

Amal Clooney (née Alamuddin; Arabic: أمل كلوني; born 3 February 1978)[1] is a Lebanese and British barrister.[2] Notable clients of hers include former President of the Maldives Mohamed Nasheed,[3] WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange,[4] former Prime Minister of Ukraine Yulia Tymoshenko,[5] Iraqi human rights activist Nadia Murad,[6] and the journalists Maria Ressa,[7] and Mohamed Fahmy.[8]

Amal Clooney has held various appointments with the UK government and the UN, and is also an adjunct professor of law at Columbia Law School. In 2016, she and her husband, American actor George Clooney, cofounded the Clooney Foundation for Justice.

Early life and family

Amal Alamuddin Clooney was born in Beirut, Lebanon. Her first name is from أمل, ʾamal in Arabic, meaning "hope".[9] Her family left Lebanon when she was two years old, during the Lebanese Civil War, and settled in Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire.[10] Amal has three siblings: one sister (Tala Alamuddin) and two half-brothers from her father's first marriage.[11]

Her father Ramzi Alamuddin, is a Lebanese Druze from the Alam al-Din dynasty village of Baakline in the Chouf District.[12] He received his MBA degree at the American University of Beirut, and returned to Lebanon in 1991,[13][14] after the end of the civil war.

Her mother Baria (née Miknass) was born to a family of Sunni Muslims in Tripoli in Northern Lebanon[15][12] and a Palestinian-Jordanian[16] mother. She was a political journalist and foreign editor of the Saudi-run newspaper al-Hayat.[17] She is a founder of the public relations company International Communication Experts, which is part of a larger company that specialises in celebrity guest bookings, publicity photography, and event promotion.[18]

Amal attended Dr Challoner's High School, a girls' grammar school located in Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire, prior to university. She then studied at St Hugh's College, Oxford, where she received an exhibition grant and the Shrigley Award.[19][20] She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in jurisprudence in 2000 and is an Honorary Fellow of St Hugh's.[21]

St Hugh's College, Oxford

The following year she entered New York University School of Law to study for the Master of Laws (LL.M) degree. She received the Jack J. Katz Memorial Award for excellence in entertainment law.[22][23] While at NYU she worked for one semester in the office of Sonia Sotomayor, then a judge for the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and NYU Law faculty member.[24]

Career

Clooney (right) with Canadian Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland at the Global Conference for Media Freedom in London in 2019

Clooney is qualified to practice law in the United States, England, and Wales. She was admitted to the bar in New York in 2002, and called to the Bar of England and Wales in 2010.[25] She has also practised at international courts in The Hague, including the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court.[22]

Clooney worked at Sullivan & Cromwell in New York City for three years as part of the Criminal Defense and Investigations Group, where her clients included Enron and Arthur Andersen.[20][22]

She completed a judicial clerkship at the International Court of Justice in 2004, serving under Judge Vladlen S. Vereshchetin from Russia, Judge Nabil Elaraby from Egypt,[26][27] and ad hoc Judge Sir Franklin Berman from the United Kingdom.

She was subsequently based in The Hague working in the Office of the Prosecutor at the UN Special Tribunal for Lebanon and at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia,[28] where she was Judicial assistant to Judge Patrick Robinson, Presiding Judge. The case charged the former President of former Republic of Yugoslavia with crimes allegedly committed in Kosovo, Croatia, and Bosnia during the war in the former Yugoslavia.[3]

In 2010, Clooney was called to the Bar of England & Wales, Inner Temple. She is a practising barrister at Doughty Street Chambers.[3] Clooney is ranked in the legal directories Legal 500 and Chambers and Partners as a leading barrister in international human rights law, public international law, and international criminal law. She is described as 'a brilliant legal mind' who 'handles cases of real international importance' and 'knows her brief inside out'. She is said to be a 'natural lead advocate' who is 'tactically first class' and 'a rare combination of intellectual depth and pragmatism'. The directories also spotlight her 'superb advocacy' and 'commanding presence before courts' and describe her as 'a dream performer before international tribunals'. They also emphasize that she is 'fantastically innovative' with an ability to galvanize 'heads of state, foreign ministers and business ... in a way that is very effective' for victims of human rights abuses. She is described as 'unafraid to raise novel points of law', 'very sophisticated in pushing the boundaries' and having a 'passionate commitment to the law and compassion for the people it serves'.[29]

Clooney represents clients before international courts including the International Criminal Court, the International Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights. She represents victims of mass atrocities, including genocide and sexual violence and is representing a group of Iraqi victims from the Yazidi community seeking accountability for genocide and other crimes perpetrated by ISIS, including Nobel Peace Prize Laurette, Nadia Murad.[30] Clooney is also representing Yazidi victims in a landmark case, alleging complicity in crimes against humanity by a French company, Lafarge for allegedly funded ISIS to keep open a plant in northern Syria that operated between 2011 and 2014.[31] In 2021, Clooney was co-plaintiff's and victims' counsel in the first case in which an ISIS member was convicted of genocide and sentenced to life in prison.[32]

Clooney regularly represents journalists and is currently leading the international counsel team acting for Filipino journalist and CEO of the news website Rappler, Maria Ressa. Ressa faces a series of legal charges that could lead to about 100 years in prison.[33] Ressa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2021 for her 'courageous fight for freedom of expression in the Philippines'.[34] Clooney previously represented Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo, two Reuters journalists from Myanmar who were sentenced to seven years in prison by the government for reporting on crimes committed against Rohingyas by the Myanmar forces.[35] They were released in May 2019.[36]

Since 2015, Clooney has been a visiting faculty member and a senior fellow of Columbia Law School's Human Rights Institute, where she co-teaches the Human Rights Course with Professor Sarah H. Cleveland.[37] Clooney has also lectured students on international criminal law at the SOAS School of Law in London, The New School in New York City, The Hague Academy of International Law, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.[22]

Appointments

Clooney in May 2014
  • Appointed as Special Adviser to the International Criminal Court Prosecutor, Karim Khan KC, on Darfur.[38]
  • Appointed to the UK Attorney General's Office Public International Law Panel (Panel C from 2014 to 2019 and Panel B from 2020), a panel of experts in international law called upon to advise and represent the UK in domestic and international courts.[39][40][3]
  • Appointed as UK Special Envoy on Media Freedom (2019–2020) by the UK Foreign Secretary (2019–2020).[41][3]
  • Appointed as Deputy Chair of the High Level Panel of Legal Experts on Media Freedom (2019–2021) by Lord Neuberger of Abbotsbury, former President of the UK Supreme Court.[42][3]
  • Member of Expert Panel of Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative (PSVI) formed by former UK Foreign Secretary William Hague to gather evidence of sexual crimes committed in conflict zones.[3]
  • In 2013 she was appointed to a number of United Nations commissions, including as adviser to Special Envoy Kofi Annan on Syria and as Counsel to the 2013 Drone Inquiry by UN human rights rapporteur Ben Emmerson KC into the use of drones in counter-terrorism operations.[43][3][44]
  • Appointed to the Human Dignity Trust Bar Panel, a small panel of barristers who act pro bono and provide advice on cases challenging discrimination against the LGBT community.[3]

Awards and honours

  • Clooney was chosen as Barbara Walters' Most Fascinating Person of 2014.[45] At the 2014 British Fashion Awards, she was shortlisted for Best British Style alongside David Beckham, Kate Moss, Keira Knightley and Emma Watson.[46]
  • 2016 World Economic Forum Young Global Leader.[3][47]
  • 2018 United Nations Correspondents Association Global Citizen of the Year Award.[48][49]
  • In 2019, Charles III launched the Amal Clooney Award to celebrate 'incredible young women'.[50]
  • The Simon Wiesenthal Center honoured Amal and George Clooney with its Humanitarian Award at its 2020 virtual gala.[51]
  • 2020 Committee to Protect Journalists Gwen Ifill Award for "extraordinary and sustained achievement in the cause of press freedom".[52][53]
  • 2021 Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press' 'Freedom of the Press Award'.[54]
  • American Society of International Law 'Champion of the International Rule of Law' Award.[3]
  • In 2021, the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center's recognised Amal and George Clooney for their work in social justice and modern-day freedom efforts at the International Freedom Conductor Awards Gala.[55][56]
  • 2022, Fellow of The Society of Writers to Her Majesty's Signet (known as the WS Society)[57]
  • 2022, Time magazine, Woman of the Year.[58]
  • 2022, Article 3 Human Rights Global Treasure Award.[59]
  • 2023, Doctor Honoris Causa of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. [60]
  • 2023, BBC, 100 Women list.[61]

Philanthropy

Clooney is the co-founder and co-president of the Clooney Foundation for Justice, which she co-founded with her husband, George Clooney, in 2016. Their goal is to wage justice to create a world where human rights are protected and no one is above the law. The organization gathers evidence of mass human rights abuses, provides free legal support to victims and works to ensure that perpetrators are held to account. CFJ now operates in more than 40 countries: investigating war crimes in Ukraine, monitoring sham trials targeting women and journalists, and fighting back against a global trend of authoritarianism that seeks to punish those who speak truth to power. Its latest initiative, Waging Justice for Women, uses strategic litigation to reform discriminatory laws and increase accountability for gender-based abuse.[62]

She partnered with the Aurora Humanitarian Initiative in beginning the Amal Clooney Scholarship, which was created to send one female student from Lebanon to the United World College Dilijan each year, to enroll in a two-year International Baccalaureate (IB) programme.[63]

Clooney and her husband sponsored a Yazidi student, Hazim Avdal, whom she met via her work with Nadia Murad as Avdal worked at Yazda. Avdal was attending the University of Chicago.[64]

In 2017, the Clooneys awarded a $1 million grant to the Southern Poverty Law Center in Charlottesville, Virginia, to combat hate groups in America.[65]

In 2018, following the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, the Clooneys pledged $500,000 to the March for Our Lives and said they would be in attendance.[66] They also donated $100,000 to the Young Center for Immigrant Children’s Rights, through the Clooney Foundation for Justice, to help migrant children who were separated from their families at the U.S.-Mexico border.[67]

Amal and George Clooney donated $100,000 to three Lebanese charities, the Lebanese Red Cross, Impact Lebanon, and Baytna Baytak, who helped provide aid to those affected by the 2020 explosion in Beirut.[68]

In 2020, the Clooneys donated $1 million to coronavirus relief efforts. This included money for the NHS to help provide assistance to frontline workers and to The Lebanese Food Bank which helps single mothers, the elderly and vulnerable people who cannot work right now due to the Covid-19 outbreak.[69] The couple also made a donation to The Mill at Sonning Theatre, located close to their Berkshire home, which helped ensure its survival through the pandemic.[70]

In 2022, Amal Clooney, along with Michelle Obama and Melinda French Gates, launched the 'Get Her There' campaign that seeks to catalyze educating and empowering teenage females.[71][72]

Personal life

Amal and George Clooney at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival

Clooney holds dual Lebanese and British citizenship.[73] She speaks English, French and Arabic.[3][74]

She became engaged to actor George Clooney on 28 April 2014.[75] They had first met through a mutual friend in July 2013.[76] On 7 August 2014, the couple obtained marriage licences in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London.[77] They married on 27 September 2014 in Venice's city hall (at Ca' Farsetti),[78][79][80] following a high-profile wedding ceremony two days earlier, also in Venice.[81][82][83][84] They were married by Clooney's friend Walter Veltroni, former mayor of Rome.[84][85] The wedding was widely reported in the media.[86] In October 2014, it was announced that the Clooneys had bought the Mill House on an island in the River Thames at Sonning Eye in England[87] at a cost of around £10 million.[88]

In February 2017, it was reported by the CBS talk show The Talk that Clooney was pregnant.[89] Friend Matt Damon confirmed the pregnancy to Entertainment Tonight.[90] In June 2017, she gave birth to fraternal twins, a boy and a girl.[91]

Works and publications

Books

  • Special Tribunal for Lebanon: Law and Practice, co-edited with D. Tolbert and N. Jurdi (Oxford University Press, 2014).[92]
  • Clooney, Amal; Webb, Philippa (2020). The Right to a Fair Trial in International Law. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-198-80839-8. OCLC 994411014.
  • Co-editor with D. Neuberger of Free Speech in International Law (2022)

Book chapters and journal articles

  • "Human Rights", chapter in I. Roberts (ed.), Satow's Diplomatic Practice (7th Edition, Oxford University Press, 2017) (update for 2022 edition in progress).[93]
  • "The Right to Insult in International Law?", with P. Webb, in Columbia Human Rights Law Review, 2017, Vol. 48, No. 2.[94]
  • Alamuddin, Amal; Bonini, Anna (2014). "Chapter 4: The UN investigation of the Hariri assassination: The relationship between the UN investigation commission and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon: Problems of Principle and Practice". In Alamuddin, Amal; Jurdi, Nidal Nabil; Tolbert, David (eds.). The Special Tribunal for Lebanon: Law and Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 50–72. ISBN 978-0-19-968745-9. OCLC 861207456.
  • Alamuddin, Amal (2014). "The role of the Security Council in starting and stopping cases at the International Criminal Court: problems of principle and practice". In Zidar, Andraž; Bekou, Olympia (eds.). Contemporary Challenges for the International Criminal Court. London: British Institute of International and Comparative Law. pp. 103–130. ISBN 978-1-90522-151-6. OCLC 871319445.
  • Alamuddin, Amal; Hardman, Nadia (February 2014). "Separating Law and Politics: Challenges to the Independence of Judges and Prosecutors in Egypt". Report of the International Bar Association Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI), Supported by the Open Society Foundations Arab Regional Office. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  • Alamuddin, Amal; Webb, Philippa (15 November 2010). "Expanding Jurisdiction over War Crimes under Article 8 of the ICC Statute". Journal of International Criminal Justice. 8 (5): 1219–1243. doi:10.1093/jicj/mqq066. ISSN 1478-1387. OCLC 775833494.
  • Alamuddin, Amal (2010). "II. Before the Trial Begins; 6. Collection of Evidence". In Khan, Karim A. A.; Buisman, Caroline; Gosnell, Christopher (eds.). Principles of Evidence in International Criminal Justice. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 231–305. ISBN 978-0-19-958892-3. OCLC 663822377.

Selected articles and blogs

See also

References

  1. ↑ Russian, Ale (5 February 2018). "Amal's Big 40! George Clooney Celebrates Wife's Birthday on 24-Hour Getaway". People.
  2. ↑ "George Clooney Finally Meets His Match With Human Rights Lawyer Amal Alamuddin". Vanity Fair. 29 March 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Amal Clooney". Doughty Street Chambers. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  4. ↑ Rothman, Michael (19 March 2014). "5 Things About Amal Alamuddin". ABC News.
  5. ↑ Johnston, Ian (27 April 2014). "George Clooney Engaged To Amal Alamuddin: Actor To Marry British Human Rights Lawyer Who Has Represented Julian Assange". The Independent. Archived from the original on 28 April 2014.
  6. ↑ Day, Emma (11 December 2018). "Nadia Murad is Joined by Amal Clooney as She Accepts Nobel Peace Prize". Vogue Arabia.
  7. ↑ Clooney, Amal (12 June 2020). "Amal Clooney: A test for democracy in the Philippines". The Washington Post. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
  8. ↑ Kingsley, Patrick (6 November 2014). "Amal Clooney calls on Egypt to release journalist Mohamed Fahmy". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  9. ↑ Rosenthal, Franz (2014). Gutas, Dimitri (ed.). Man Versus Society in Medieval Islam. Leiden; Boston: Brill. p. 613. ISBN 978-9-004-27089-3. OCLC 892338528.
  10. ↑ Flanagan, Padraic (28 April 2014). "George Clooney Engaged to High-Flying British Lawyer". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
  11. ↑ "Lebanon in frenzy over Clooney-Alamuddin engagement". NOW News. AFP. 1 May 2014. Archived from the original on 13 October 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  12. 1 2 Gatten, Emma (13 September 2014). "Amal Alamuddin: George Clooney's Betrothed a Star Among Druze Community". NBC News. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  13. ↑ "George Clooney's Fiancée Amal Alamuddin Has Beauty, Brains And Style". The Straits Times. 27 April 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  14. ↑ "You'd think George Clooney asked all of Lebanon to marry him". Global Post.
  15. ↑ Gebeily, Maya (30 April 2014). "Amal Alamuddin from 'Druze family of sheikhs'". NOW News. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  16. ↑ "Baria Alamuddin". Naim Attallah Online. 21 July 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  17. ↑ "Amal Clooney – the most wanted woman in Britain". Tatler. 19 January 2016. Archived from the original on 30 August 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018. 'I remember her as humane and brainy,' adds Ghil'ad Zuckermann, now a professor of linguistics at the University of Adelaide, Australia, who was also at St Hugh's with Amal. 'Students were talking about Amal even then, especially those from Middle Eastern backgrounds. I remember being told around 1997, about her famous journalist mother'.
  18. ↑ Karam, Joyce (28 April 2014). "Who is Clooney's fiancée Amal Alamuddin?". Al Arabiya. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  19. ↑ "Colleges, Halls, and Societies: Notices – St Hugh's College". Oxford University Gazette. 23 October 1997. Archived from the original on 18 July 2010. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  20. 1 2 McNeal, Gregory S. (27 April 2014). "International Lawyer And Scholar Amal Alamuddin Engaged To George Clooney". Forbes. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
  21. ↑ "Amal Clooney". St Hugh's College. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
  22. 1 2 3 4 "Amal Alamuddin". Doughty Street Chambers. Archived from the original on 31 July 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  23. ↑ Schumann, Rebecka (29 October 2013). "George Clooney Girlfriend Revealed: Who Is Amal Alamuddin? 6 Fast Facts About The Actor's New Love". International Business Times. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  24. ↑ Mathis-Lilley, Ben (28 April 2014). "London Human Rights Lawyer Amal Alamuddin Is Engaged". Slate. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  25. ↑ BSB. "Barrister Details – Mrs Amal Clooney". www.barstandardsboard.org.uk. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  26. ↑ "Clerkships – Prior and Present Clerks". Institute for International Law and Justice. New York University School of Law. Archived from the original on 4 September 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  27. ↑ Chi, Paul (27 February 2014). "George Clooney Engaged to Amal Alamuddin: 5 Fast Facts About Her". People. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  28. ↑ Alamuddin, A.; Webb, P. (2010). "Expanding Jurisdiction over War Crimes under Article 8 of the ICC Statute". Journal of International Criminal Justice. 8 (5): 1219. doi:10.1093/jicj/mqq066.
  29. ↑ "Amal Clooney > Doughty Street Chambers > London > England | Lawyer Profile". www.legal500.com. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  30. ↑ "Amal Clooney agrees to represent Nadia, ISIS sex slave, in international court". Global Citizen (in French). Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  31. ↑ "Yazidi women seek to join case against French company accused of funding Islamic State". Reuters. 30 November 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  32. ↑ "German court finds former 'IS' member guilty of genocide | DW | 30 November 2021". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  33. ↑ "Amal Clooney decries 'legal charade' after journalist Maria Ressa charged again with libel". The Guardian. 19 January 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
  34. ↑ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2021". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
  35. ↑ "Amal Clooney to Defend Reuters Journalists Jailed in Myanmar". Time. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
  36. ↑ "Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo: Reuters journalists freed in Myanmar". BBC News. 7 May 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
  37. ↑ "Amal Clooney". www.law.columbia.edu. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  38. ↑ "ICC Prosecutor Mr Karim A.A. Khan QC appoints Seventeen Special Advisers". www.icc-cpi.int. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  39. ↑ "Attorney General's civil panel counsel: appointments, membership lists and off panel counsel". Treasury Solicitor's Department, Government Legal Department and Attorney General's Office. 14 August 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  40. ↑ "Public International Law Panel of Counsel – Summary of Selection Process" (PDF). UK Attorney General. 25 February 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  41. ↑ "Amal Clooney appointed Foreign Office special envoy". BBC. Retrieved 5 April 2019.
  42. ↑ "Lord Neuberger and Amal Clooney announce Media Freedom Legal Panel members". GOV.UK. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  43. ↑ "UN SRCT Drone Inquiry – Credits: UNSRCT Team". United Nations. Archived from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2014.
  44. ↑ Documenting death by drone – CNN Video, 11 March 2014, retrieved 28 October 2021
  45. ↑ "Amal Clooney: Barbara Walters' Most Fascinating Person of the Year". ABC News. 14 December 2015.
  46. ↑ Sowray, Bibby (1 December 2014). "Emma Watson Wins Award for Best British Style at Fashion Awards". Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
  47. ↑ Knowles, Kitty. "Amal Clooney & fellow Brits make World Economic Forum's "tech-wise" list". Forbes. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  48. ↑ "Amal Clooney wins 2018 United Nations Correspondents' Association Global Citizen of the Year Award | Doughty Street Chambers". www.doughtystreet.co.uk. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  49. ↑ "2018 UNCA Awards Winners « The United Nations Correspondents Association". Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  50. ↑ Abrams, Margaret. "Prince Charles launches the 'Amal Clooney Award' to celebrate 'incredible young women'". Business Insider. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  51. ↑ "Amal and George Clooney Honored at Simon Wiesenthal Center Museum of Tolerance 2020 Gala". Jewish Journal. 29 October 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  52. ↑ "2020". Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  53. ↑ CPJ's 2020 IPFA: Gwen Ifill Press Freedom Award Winner Amal Clooney, retrieved 28 October 2021
  54. ↑ "Freedom of the Press Awards". The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  55. ↑ Lewis, Kaitlin. "George and Amal Clooney receive highest honor from the Freedom Center Saturday". The Enquirer. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  56. ↑ "2021 International Freedom Conductor Awards Gala – National Underground Railroad Freedom Center". freedomcenter.org. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  57. ↑ "Amal Clooney, New WS Fellow". The WS Society. 22 December 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
  58. ↑ "Amal Clooney Won't Back Down". Time. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  59. ↑ "2022". Article3.org. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  60. ↑ "Amal Clooney, Honorary Doctorate 2023". kuleuven.be. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  61. ↑ "BBC 100 Women 2023: Who is on the list this year?". BBC News. 23 November 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  62. ↑ "Clooney Foundation for Justice". Clooney Foundation For Justice. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  63. ↑ "Amal Clooney launches scholarship for Lebanese girls". Los Angeles Times. 17 December 2015.
  64. ↑ Swartz, Tracy (12 February 2018). "George and Amal Clooney sponsor an Iraqi refugee attending U. of C." Chicago Tribune.
  65. ↑ Fleming, Mike Jr. (22 August 2017). "George & Amal Clooney Donate $1 Million To Fight Hate Groups". Deadline. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  66. ↑ "Oprah Follows George and Amal Clooney's Lead, to Donate $500,000 for Parkland Students' March". 20 February 2018.
  67. ↑ "The Clooneys Donated $100,000 to Help Migrant Children Separated From Their Parents". W Magazine. 20 June 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  68. ↑ McNary, Dave (6 August 2020). "Amal and George Clooney Donate $100,000 to Lebanese Relief Charities After Beirut Explosion". Variety. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  69. ↑ "Amal & George Clooney Just Made A Major Donation To 6 Coronavirus Relief Efforts". British Vogue. 9 April 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  70. ↑ Andrews, Farah (11 October 2020). "George and Amal Clooney donate to save their local theatre in England". The National. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  71. ↑ Alvord, Kyler (25 October 2022). "Michelle Obama Launches New 'Get Her There' Campaign with Amal Clooney, Melinda Gates". People. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  72. ↑ Rodriguez, Leah (28 October 2022). "Michelle Obama, Melinda French Gates, and Amal Clooney Are Joining Forces to Fight Child Marriage". Global Citizen. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  73. ↑ Miller, Mike (7 June 2017). "With American George and British Amal, What's Next for the Clooney Twins?". People. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
  74. ↑ Respers France, Lisa (28 April 2014). "What we know about George Clooney's fiancée". CNN.
  75. ↑ Cohen, Sandy (28 April 2014). "George Clooney sheds most eligible bachelor status, gives up serial romance for engagement". Star Tribune. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 29 April 2014. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
  76. ↑ Gonzales, Erica (31 January 2018). "George Clooney First Met Amal in the Comfort of His Own Home". Harper's Bazaar. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
  77. ↑ Rothman, Michael (7 August 2014). "George Clooney and Fiancée Amal Alamuddin Get Marriage License". ABC News.
  78. ↑ "Clooney And Bride Appear in Public After Wedding". Sky News.
  79. ↑ "Inside George Clooney and Amal Alamuddin's Wedding". People. 5 October 2014.
  80. ↑ "George Clooney and Amal Alamuddin's wedding". CBS News. 26 September 2014.
  81. ↑ Anderson, Ariston (15 September 2014). "George Clooney Wedding Details Leaked by Italian Media". The Hollywood Reporter.
  82. ↑ Kington, Tom (27 September 2014). "Clooney And Bride Appear in Public After Wedding". Sky News.
  83. ↑ Oldenburg, Ann; Puente, Maria (27 September 2014). "George Clooney, Amal Alamuddin marry in Venice". USA Today.
  84. 1 2 Fornasier, Claudia (15 September 2014). "George, sì davanti a Veltroni". Corriere della Sera.
  85. ↑ Squires, Nick (15 September 2014). "George Clooney 'to be married by ex-Rome mayor'". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
  86. ↑ Squires, Nick (29 September 2014). "George Clooney's wedding to Amal Alamuddin finally ends". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
  87. ↑ Sawer, Patrick (10 October 2014). "Welcome to Sonning, Mr & Mrs Clooney". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
  88. ↑ Sawer, Patrick (9 October 2014). "George Clooney snaps up £10 million manor house in Sonning, Berkshire". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
  89. ↑ "George and Amal Clooney 'expecting twins'". BBC News. 10 February 2017.
  90. ↑ Rothman, Michael (10 February 2017). "Matt Damon Says George and Amal Clooney Will Be 'Great Parents'". ABC News.
  91. ↑ Leonard, Elizabeth; Juneau, Jen (6 June 2017). "A Boy! A Girl! George and Amal Clooney Welcome Twins". People.
  92. ↑ Alamuddin, Amal; Jurdi, Nidal Nabil; Tolbert, David, eds. (27 March 2014). The Special Tribunal for Lebanon: Law and Practice. Oxford Monographs in International Humanitarian & Criminal Law. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-968745-9.
  93. ↑ Roberts, Sir Ivor, ed. (1 December 2016). Satow's Diplomatic Practice (7th ed.). Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-873910-4.
  94. ↑ "The Right to Insult in International Law". Columbia Human Rights Law Review. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
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