André Guinier
Born(1911-08-01)1 August 1911
Died3 July 2000(2000-07-03) (aged 88)
CitizenshipFrance
Alma materÉcole Normale Supérieure
Known forX-ray crystallography
Guinier camera
Guinier law
Guinier plot
Guinier–Preston zone
AwardsGregori Aminoff Prize (1985)
Three Physicists Prize (1972)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysicist
InstitutionsConservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM), University of Paris, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
Doctoral advisorCharles Mauguin
Doctoral studentsRaimond Castaing
Solvay Conference on Physics in Brussels 1951. Left to right, sitting: Crussaro, N.P. Allen, Cauchois, Borelius, Bragg, Moller, Sietz, Hollomon, Frank; middle row: Rathenau, Koster, Rudberg, Flamache, Goche, Groven, Orowan, Burgers, Shockley, Guinier, C.S. Smith, Dehlinger, Laval, Henriot; top row: Gaspart, Lomer, Cottrell, Homes, Curien

André Guinier (1 August 1911 – 3 July 2000) was a French physicist who did important work in the field of X-ray diffraction and solid-state physics.[1][2]

Career

He worked at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, then taught at the University of Paris and later at the University of Paris-Sud in Orsay, where he co-founded the Laboratory of Solid State Physics. He was elected to the French Academy of Sciences in 1971 and won the Gregori Aminoff Prize in 1985.

Discoveries and inventions

In the field of small-angle scattering he discovered the relationship of particle size to intensity which is called Guinier's Law.[3] He developed the Guinier camera for use in X-ray diffraction and contributed to the development of the electron microprobe by Raimond Castaing.

Together with Prof George Dawson Preston he also gives his name to the Guinier-Preston zone.

Publications

  • Guinier, André (1955) Small-angle scattering of X-rays. OCLC number: 01646250.
  • Guinier, André (1963). "X-ray Diffraction. In Crystals, Imperfect Crystals, and Amorphous Bodies". W. H. Freeman and Co.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Obituary published in Acta Crystallographica
  2. ↑ Ravy S. André Guinier (1911–2000): a physicist among crystallographers //Physica Scripta. – 2015. – Т. 90. – №. 3. – С. 38001-38004.
  3. ↑ Guinier, André (1939). "La diffraction des rayons X aux très petits angles : application à l'étude de phénomènes ultramicroscopiques". Annales de Physique. 11 (12): 161–237. Bibcode:1939AnPh...11..161G. doi:10.1051/anphys/193911120161.
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