Anoplius nigerrimus
Anoplius nigerrimus from Commanster, Belgian High Ardennes
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Pompilidae
Genus: Anoplius
Species:
A. nigerrimus
Binomial name
Anoplius nigerrimus
(Scopoli, 1763)
Synonyms
  • Sphex nigerrimus
  • Pompilus difficilis
  • Pompilus excerptus
  • Pompilus incisus
  • Pompilus kohli
  • Sphex nigra [1]

Anoplius nigerrimus is one of the most common spider wasps, or pompilids, in Europe. They are mostly black and the females are 6–8 mm long while males measure 5–8 mm.[2] This species may be distinguished from the related Anoplius concinnus and Anoplius caviventris by the 20 setae, or hairs, on the forehead rather than 60 or 45.[3]

Distribution

A. nigerrimus can be found from Northern and Central Europe eastwards across Asia to the Pacific Coast and in North America from the Yukon[4] to Newfoundland.[5] It is one of the most common spider wasps found in Great Britain[6] and Ireland.[7]

Habitat

Unlike other species of the genus Anoplius, A. nigerrimus does not show a preference for damp habitats and occurs in drier habitats such as grassland and scrub, the males are frequently encountered running over short vegetation.[7]

Biology

The flight period in Great Britain is May to September,[7] although in northern California adults have been collected in May, June and July.[8] Prey collected by A. nigerrimus include spiders from the families Lycosidae, Gnaphosidae and Pisauridae. A nigerrimus builds nests under stones, in cavities in stone walls, in hollow plant stems, in deserted burrows of ants, bees or wasps, and in empty snail shells. It can also dig a burrow and build cells in friable soil.[7][8] One nest of four cells was found under a stone on moorland at an altitude of 400 m in Glen Tilt, near Blair Atholl, Perthshire. Flowers visited include umbellifers such as wild carrot and Heracleum sphondylium.[7][9] The eulophid wasp, Tetrastichus pompilicola has been reared from larvae of A. nigerrimus in Newfoundland.[10]

References

  1. ↑ "PESI portal - Anoplius (Anoplius) nigerrimus (Scopoli, 1763)". Eu-nomen.eu. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  2. ↑ M.C. Day (1988). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects Vol. 6, Part 4 Spider Wasps Hymenoptera: Pompilidae (PDF). Royal Entomological Soceiety. p. 35. ISBN 0-901546-70-4.
  3. ↑ "Anoplius nigerrimus (In Polish)". Wordpress. 3 March 2014. Retrieved 2016-12-11.
  4. ↑ "Biological Survey of Canada" (PDF). Biology.ualberta.ca.
  5. ↑ Scott Russell. "Checklist of the Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) of British Columbia" (PDF). Geog.ubc.ca. Retrieved 2022-03-16.
  6. ↑ "Nature Conservation Imaging - Page Redirection". Natureconservationimaging.com.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Edwards R. & Broad G. (eds), 1998, Provisional Atlas for the aculeate Hymenoptera of Britain and Ireland Part 2, NERC ISBN 1-870393-42-2
  8. 1 2 Marius S. Wasbauer; Lynn Siri Kimsey (1984). California Spider Wasps of the Subfamily Pompilinae (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) Volume 26 of Bulletin of the California Insect Survey. University of California Press. p. 10. ISBN 0520099575.
  9. ↑ "Anoplius nigerrimus (Scopoli 1763) (Family Pompilidae)". The Ecology of Commanster. J.K. Lindsey. Retrieved 2016-12-11.
  10. ↑ M.C. Day (1988). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects Vol. 6, Part 4 Spider Wasps Hymenoptera: Pompilidae (PDF). Royal Entomological Soceiety. p. 16. ISBN 0-901546-70-4.


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