Arthur Ashe Monument
The monument in 2015
ArtistPaul DiPasquale
Year1996 (1996)
MediumBronze sculpture
SubjectArthur Ashe
Dimensions8.5 m (28 ft)
3.7 m (12 ft; sculpture only)
LocationRichmond, Virginia, U.S.
Coordinates37°33′54″N 77°28′44″W / 37.5651°N 77.4790°W / 37.5651; -77.4790

The Arthur Ashe Monument is a bronze sculpture by Paul DiPasquale installed along Richmond, Virginia's Monument Avenue. The statue depicts tennis player Arthur Ashe, who was born, raised and buried in Richmond.

Description

The statue is situated on a 16-foot granite pedestal on a traffic island, at the intersection of Monument Avenue and Roseneath Road.[1] The 12-foot tall bronze sculpture depicts Arthur Ashe holding a tennis racket in one hand and books in the other, surrounded by children.[2][3] The books are raised higher than the tennis racket; this was requested by Ashe himself, as he tended to emphasize education over sports.[3] Ashe's depiction faces west and the children face east.[3][4]

Background

Arthur Ashe

Ashe was born at Richmond's St. Philip Hospital for Negroes on March 10, 1943.[5] During his childhood, Richmond was segregated, and he was denied entry to tennis tournaments and was not allowed to practice on the city's best courts.[6][7] In 1960, Ashe moved to St. Louis to attend Sumner High School.[5] In the following years, Ashe would become the first player selected to the United States Davis Cup team (1981), and was the only black man to win the singles title at the US Open (1968), the Australian Open (1975), and Wimbledon (1975) tennis tournaments. He retired in April 1980. Following his death of AIDS-related pneumonia on February 6, 1993, Ashe's body laid in state at Virginia's Executive Mansion, located in Richmond.[5]

Monument Avenue

At the time of the statue's construction, Monument Avenue had statues of several Generals of the Confederate States Army, as well as Confederate States Navy Commander Matthew Fontaine Maury and Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Among tallest were the Robert E. Lee Monument, which stood 21 feet tall atop a 40-foot pedestal, and the Davis Memorial, which sat on a 65-foot column.[3][8] The monuments, constructed from 1890 to 1929, were likely influenced by the then-popular belief that the Confederacy was just and heroic, an ideology also referred to as the Lost Cause of the Confederacy.[7][9]

History

DiPasquale met Ashe in 1992 when Wyatt Kingston introduced them, and received permission to design a statue of him. Nine crayon and pencil studies of Ashe were created before his death in 1993. Following his death, Ashe's widow Jeanne Moutoussamy-Ashe approved the studies, and recommended Virginia Heroes Incorporated for funding.[10] The designs were first unveiled, in plaster form, in December 1994 at the Ashe Center.[11]

With the urging of City Manager Robert Bobb, Richmond City Council approved the placement of the statue on Monument Avenue in June 1995.[11] This decision was met with opposition by both black and white people, both objecting to its placement beside statues of Confederate generals. [12] One alternative location, supported by Mayor Leonidas B. Young II, was in the formerly whites-only Byrd Park.[7]

On July 17, city council held an eight hour long hearing on the location of the statue, eventually voting 7-0 in favor of the Monument Avenue location. Several council members said that the hearing changed their opinions on the matter, especially comments by Ashe's brother and widow.[7] The groundbreaking was eventually held on August 15. 500 attended the event, and several people raised Confederate flags behind the stage.[13]

On January 1, 1996, the Richmond Times-Dispatch published a letter by Moutoussamy-Ashe. In the letter, she argued that the monument "honors Richmond, Virginia, more than it does its son, his legacy, and his life's work."[14] According to Moutossamy-Ashe, her husband had expected the monument to go in front of an African-American sports hall-of-fame.[15] Several days later, Moutoussamy-Ashe reached an agreement with Citizens for Excellence in Public Art, a group led by gallery owner Beverly Reynolds, wherein both parties would help raise $20 million for the envisioned hall-of-fame, and the DiPasquale statue would be moved there upon completion. At this point, CEMA would hold a $1 million international competition to find a better design to be placed at Monument Avenue. The group had raised $200 thousand by the time Richmond City Council shot their plan down.[11][16][7]

The statue was cast by DiPasquale in Waynesboro, Virginia and shipped to Richmond on a flatbed truck driven by Robbie Drumheller. The statue was placed upon its pedestal on July 3, 1996,[17] and unveiled on July 10.[2]

George Floyd protests

On July 1, 2020, amid the George Floyd protests, Mayor Levar Stoney ordered all statues to Confederate generals on city property taken down; as a result, the only statue remaining on Monument Avenue is that of Ashe.[18]

On July 16, the pedestal of the monument was vandalized with spray paint reading "White Lives Matter" and "WLM." A man claiming to be the vandal spoke to passers-by, saying "You put it on our statues, I'll put it on yours."[19][20] Ashe's family gave the city of Richmond permission to remove the statue if this was needed to protect it from further harm; this was initially misreported as a request to remove the statue.[21]

Reception

In 2017, Mental Floss named the monument #3 on its listicle "10 Unintentionally Horrifying Statues of Famous People," writing that Ashe was "frozen forever in a state of seemingly mocking [the children] for their lack of height."[22] When reached out to by Salon, sculptor DiPasquale said that "If you always see what you always saw, you will always get what you always got," and that "judging art, like life, depends on what you bring to it, I'm sure."

References

  1. ↑ Culpepper, Chuck (10 July 2020). "Arthur Ashe, who stood for so much, might be the last statue standing in Richmond". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 1 September 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  2. 1 2 "Ashe Statue Joins Those of Confederates". The New York Times. 17 July 1996. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Driggs, Sarah S. (27 June 1997). "National Historic Landmark Nomination Form: Monument Avenue Historic District" (PDF). Virginia Department of Historic Resources. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 June 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  4. ↑ Kennicott, Philip (29 July 2020). "On Richmond's evolving Monument Avenue, myth and ugly lies run deep". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  5. 1 2 3 Arsenault, Raymond (2018). Arthur Ashe: A Life. New York City: Simon & Schuster.
  6. ↑ Moore, Kenny (21 December 1992). "The Eternal Example". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Lieb, Jonathan I. (July 2002). "Separate times, shared spaces: Arthur Ashe, Monument Avenue and the politics of Richmond, Virginia's symbolic landscape". Cultural Geographies. 9 (3): 286–312. Bibcode:2002CuGeo...9..286L. doi:10.1191/1474474002eu250oa. S2CID 143324432.
  8. ↑ Orlinsky, Katie (13 July 2020). "Tear Down the Monuments, Bring Our Cities to Life". The Nation. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  9. ↑ Epps, Garrett (14 May 2017). "The Motionless Ghosts That Haunt the South". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  10. ↑ "Sketch of Arthur Ashe, by Paul DiPasquale, 1993". virginiahistory.org. Virginia Historical Society. Archived from the original on 12 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  11. 1 2 3 "Statue's Path Wasn't Smooth: Debates Focused on Symbolism, Heroes, Justice, Stie, Sculptor". The Richmond Times-Dispatch. 8 July 1996.
  12. ↑ "Race-Tinged Furor Stalls Arthur Ashe Memorial". The New York Times. 9 July 1995. Archived from the original on 18 August 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  13. ↑ Lerman, David (16 August 1995). "Ashe Breaks New Ground". Daily Press. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  14. ↑ "Ashe's Wife Opposes Monument". Daily Press. 2 January 1996. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  15. ↑ "Arthur Ashe Memorial in Limbo". Daily Press. 5 January 1996. Archived from the original on 4 March 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  16. ↑ "City Firm on Ashe Statue Monument Avenue Memorial Location Wins Over Council". Daily Press. 27 March 1996. ProQuest 342786667. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2020 – via ProQuest.
  17. ↑ "Arthur Ashe Statue Set Up in Richmond at Last". The New York Times. 5 July 1996. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  18. ↑ Lavoie, Denise (10 July 2020). "Statue of Arthur Ashe won't be removed in Richmond". Daily Press. Archived from the original on 7 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  19. ↑ Garcia, Sandra E. (17 June 2020). "Arthur Ashe Statue in Virginia Vandalized With 'White Lives Matter'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  20. ↑ Vozzella, Laura; Bethea, April (17 July 2020). "'White lives matter' painted on Arthur Ashe monument in Richmond". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  21. ↑ Young, Ryan (10 July 2020). Arthur Ashe statue to stay up in Richmond after vandalism, ‘White Lives Matter’ graffiti Archived 2020-07-13 at the Wayback Machine. Yahoo Sports. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  22. ↑ Keyser, Anna (29 November 2017). "10 Unintentionally Horrifying Statues of Famous People". Mental Floss. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
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