Arturo Zychlinsky discovered Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) together with Volker Brinkmann. This scanning electron image shows a NET (green), ejected by a neutrophil (yellow) to capture bacteria (purple). A red blood cell (orange) is also trapped in the NET.

Arturo Zychlinsky (born 1962) is a biologist and since 2001 director at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology.[1] His research focuses on Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) which he discovered together with Volker Brinkmann,[2] and the immune function of chromatin.

Life

Arturo Zychlinsky completed his undergraduate studies at the Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas in Mexico City. In 1991, he obtained his PhD at the Rockefeller University where he trained with Ding-E Young in the laboratory of Zanvil Cohn. From 1991 to 1993 he was an EMBO postdoctoral fellow with Philippe J. Sansonetti at the Institut Pasteur. He then moved to the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, where he took a position as Assistant and Associate Professor. Since 2001, he is director of the Department for Cellular Microbiology at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin.[3]

Research

Arturo Zychlinsky made several fundamental contributions including the first description that bacterial pathogens cause cell death and therefore induce inflammation.[4] He worked on the activation of Toll Like Receptors and their role in immunity[5][6] and he has made key contributions to understanding the role of neutrophils in innate immunity,[7] including the discovery of NETs, the description of Netosis, a novel form of cell death required for the release of NETs , the mechanism of NET formation,[8] the role of NETs in immunity[9] and autoimmunity[10]

Awards and honors

Arturo Zychlinsky received the Irma T. Hirschl Career Scientist Award, and the Eva and Klaus Grohe Award of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences.[11] He is a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina,[12] the American Society and Academy of Microbiology, and the European Academy of Microbiology.

Personal life

Zychlinsky is married to the German zoologist and neuroethologist Constance Scharff; they have two daughters.

References

  1. ↑ "Organization chart". www.mpiib-berlin.mpg.de. Retrieved 2021-05-07.
  2. ↑ Brinkmann, Volker; Reichard, Ulrike; Goosmann, Christian; Fauler, Beatrix; Uhlemann, Yvonne; Weiss, David S.; Weinrauch, Yvette; Zychlinsky, Arturo (2004-03-05). "Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria". Science. 303 (5663): 1532–1535. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1532B. doi:10.1126/science.1092385. ISSN 1095-9203. PMID 15001782. S2CID 21628300.
  3. ↑ "Cellular Microbiology". www.mpiib-berlin.mpg.de. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
  4. ↑ Zychlinsky, Arturo; Prevost, Marie Christine; Sansonetti, Philippe J. (July 1992). "Shigella flexneri induces apoptosis in infected macrophages". Nature. 358 (6382): 167–169. Bibcode:1992Natur.358..167Z. doi:10.1038/358167a0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 1614548. S2CID 4260647.
  5. ↑ Aliprantis, A. O.; Yang, R. B.; Mark, M. R.; Suggett, S.; Devaux, B.; Radolf, J. D.; Klimpel, G. R.; Godowski, P.; Zychlinsky, A. (1999-07-30). "Cell activation and apoptosis by bacterial lipoproteins through toll-like receptor-2". Science. 285 (5428): 736–739. doi:10.1126/science.285.5428.736. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 10426996.
  6. ↑ Weiss, David S.; Raupach, Bärbel; Takeda, Kiyoshi; Akira, Shizuo; Zychlinsky, Arturo (2004-04-01). "Toll-Like Receptors Are Temporally Involved in Host Defense". The Journal of Immunology. 172 (7): 4463–4469. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.7.4463. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 15034062.
  7. ↑ Weinrauch, Yvette; Drujan, Doreen; Shapiro, Steven D.; Weiss, Jerrold; Zychlinsky, Arturo (2005-05-02). "Neutrophil elastase targets virulence factors of enterobacteria". Nature. 417 (6884): 91–94. doi:10.1038/417091a. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 12018205. S2CID 4341470.
  8. ↑ Papayannopoulos, Venizelos; Metzler, Kathleen D.; Hakkim, Abdul; Zychlinsky, Arturo (2010-11-01). "Neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase regulate the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps". Journal of Cell Biology. 191 (3): 677–691. doi:10.1083/jcb.201006052. ISSN 1540-8140. PMC 3003309. PMID 20974816.
  9. ↑ Urban, Constantin F.; Ermert, David; Schmid, Monika; Abu-Abed, Ulrike; Goosmann, Christian; Nacken, Wolfgang; Brinkmann, Volker; Jungblut, Peter R.; Zychlinsky, Arturo (2009-10-30). Levitz, Stuart M. (ed.). "Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Contain Calprotectin, a Cytosolic Protein Complex Involved in Host Defense against Candida albicans". PLOS Pathogens. 5 (10): e1000639. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000639. ISSN 1553-7374. PMC 2763347. PMID 19876394.
  10. ↑ Hakkim, A.; Furnrohr, B. G.; Amann, K.; Laube, B.; Abed, U. A.; Brinkmann, V.; Herrmann, M.; Voll, R. E.; Zychlinsky, A. (2010-05-25). "Impairment of neutrophil extracellular trap degradation is associated with lupus nephritis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (21): 9813–9818. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107.9813H. doi:10.1073/pnas.0909927107. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2906830. PMID 20439745.
  11. ↑ "2005 – Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften". www.bbaw.de. Archived from the original on 2021-05-06. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
  12. ↑ "Mitglieder". Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften Leopoldina (in German). Retrieved 2021-05-06.
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