Athletics
at the V Paralympic Games
Paralympic Athletics
Competitors774 from 39 nations

Athletics at the 1976 Summer Paralympics consisted of 207 events. Argentina, Burma, Hong Kong, Indonesia and Peru won their first ever medals in the 1976 Summer Paralympics.

Participating nations

Medal table

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 United States (USA)39342699
2 West Germany (FRG)21161653
3 Mexico (MEX)159529
4 Israel (ISR)155727
5 Canada (CAN)12181848
6 Poland (POL)122317
7 Finland (FIN)11151036
8 Sweden (SWE)86923
9 Austria (AUT)7111432
10 Australia (AUS)711422
11 Japan (JPN)76316
12 New Zealand (NZL)71210
13 Belgium (BEL)63211
14 Switzerland (SUI)55717
15 Netherlands (NED)55313
16 Egypt (EGY)5117
17 Great Britain (GBR)45817
18 South Africa (RSA)43714
19 France (FRA)4116
20 Norway (NOR)3328
21 Denmark (DEN)3014
22 Ireland (IRL)29617
23 Italy (ITA)23510
24 Spain (ESP)2316
25 Indonesia (INA)1135
26 Argentina (ARG)1124
27 Burma (BIR)1113
28 Hong Kong (HKG)0011
 Hungary (HUN)0011
 Peru (PER)0011
Totals (30 entries)209178170557

Medal summary

Men's events

Event Gold Silver Bronze
60 m 1A
Juan Almaraz
 Mexico
Francisco de las Fuentes
 Mexico
Peter Marsh
 Australia
60 m 1B
Eduardo Monsalvo
 Mexico
Carmelo Addaris
 Italy
Walter Sailer
 Austria
60 m 1C
D. Miller
 New Zealand
West Brownlow
 United States
Hiroshi Nakagawa
 Japan
60 m A
Ryszard Kozuch
 Poland
Shuzo Yagi
 Japan
Jarle Johnsen
 Norway
100 m 2
Gary Kerr
 United States
Eusebio Valdez
 Mexico
Terry Rae
 Great Britain
100 m 3
Jim Hernandez
 United States
Lars Lofstrom
 Sweden
Charles Williams
 United States
100 m 4
David Kiley
 United States
Raymond Lewandowski
 United States
Birger Nordh
 Sweden
100 m 5
Rolf Johansson
 Sweden
Randy Wix
 United States
Ebo Roek
 Netherlands
100 m B
Winford Haynes
 United States
Robert Faulkner
 Australia
Jozsef Olah
 Hungary
100 m C
Aharon Danziger
 Israel
Magella Belanger
 Canada
Mg Tin Win
 Burma
100 m C1
Mg Tin Hgwe
 Burma
Mg Aung Than
 Burma
Alois Karner
 Austria
100 m D
J. Harrison
 Canada
S. Holcomb
 Canada
None
100 m D1
Curt Brinkman
 United States
M. Johnson
 United States
D. Hoddleston
 South Africa
100 m E
Daniel Giladi
 Israel
Ashari
 Indonesia
Veikko Hiltunen
 Finland
100 m E1
Cailloux
 France
None None
100 m F
Antonio Delgado
 Spain
José Santos
 Spain
Amran Cohen
 Israel
100 m F1
B. Perry
 France
None None
100 m prosthesis D1
Walter Fink
 Austria
None None
200 m 2
Eusebio Valdez
 Mexico
Gary Kerr
 United States
Carlo Jannucci
 Italy
200 m 3
Jim Hernandez
 United States
Charles Williams
 United States
P. H. van der Vis
 Netherlands
400 m 2
Eusebio Valdez
 Mexico
Carlo Jannucci
 Italy
Giusepie Trieste
 Italy
400 m 3
Charles Williams
 United States
Sergio Zepeda
 Mexico
Jim Hernandez
 United States
800 m 4
David Kiley
 United States
Remi Ophem
 Belgium
Chris Stoddard
 Canada
800 m 5
P. Colisto
 Canada
Randy Wix
 United States
W. Jiling
 West Germany
1500 m 4
David Kiley
 United States
Rene Corona
 Mexico
Birger Nordh
 Sweden
1500 m 5
Randy Wix
 United States
P. Colisto
 Canada
W. Jiling
 West Germany
1500 m E
Said Dowara
 Egypt
None None
1500 m E1
Jorn Nielsen
 Denmark
None None
1500 m F
J. Alexandre
 France
L. Larsen
 Norway
Heikki Miettinen
 Finland
1500 m F1
B. Perry
 France
None None
1500 m walk B
Derek Howie
 Great Britain[1]
Victor Goetz
 Canada
Henning Erikson
 Denmark
4×40 m relay A-C
 United States (USA)  Mexico (MEX)  West Germany (FRG)
4×60 m relay 2-5
 United States (USA)  Sweden (SWE)
Bengt Christoffersson
Rolf Johansson
Lars Lofstrom
Birger Nordh
 Mexico (MEX)
Rene Corona
Eusebio Valdez
Roberto Vargas
Sergio Zepeda
4 × 100 m relay E
 Finland (FIN)
Raimo Hiiri
Veikko Hiltunen
Reino Jaaskelainen
Arvi Lattunen
None None
High jump (two foot take off) A
C. Gillfors
 Sweden
Martti Juntunen
 Finland
Jarle Johnsen
 Norway
High jump A
John Bowman
 United States
Doug Rupe
 Australia
T. Lewis
 United States
High jump B
August Hofer
 Austria
Richard Barnhart
 United States
Martin Sallaert
 Belgium
High jump C
Jurgen Johann
 West Germany
Roni Fradkin
 Israel
Shek Kau Wong
 Hong Kong
High jump D
Arnold Boldt
 Canada
Konrad Reisner
 Austria
W. Hilzinger
 West Germany
High jump E
A. Broeckhuysen
 Netherlands
None None
High jump F
Nitzan Atzmon
 Israel
Heikki Miettinen
 Finland
Gerhard Kolm
 Austria
Long jump A
Jarle Johnsen
 Norway
C. Gillfors
 Sweden
Heikki Koistinen
 Finland
Long jump B
Risto Piippo
 Finland
Julio Gutierrez
 Spain
Mats Lindblad
 Sweden
Long jump C
Roni Fradkin
 Israel
Jurgen Johann
 West Germany
Dieter Belz
 West Germany
Long jump D
Arnold Boldt
 Canada
Konrad Reisner
 Austria
W. Hilzinger
 West Germany
Long jump E
Jan Krauz
 Poland
A. Broeckhuysen
 Netherlands
None
Long jump F
Antonio Delgado
 Spain
Nitzan Atzmon
 Israel
José Santos
 Spain
Club throw 1A
Ruben Vazquez
 Mexico
Patrick McCool
 Ireland
Rod Vleiger
 United States
Club throw 1B
G. Cochius
 South Africa
R. Muise
 Canada
Julius Duval
 United States
Precision club throw 1A-1B
Philip Wouters
 Belgium
Samir
 Egypt
Peter Marsh
 Australia
Discus throw 1A
Wayne Patchett
 Australia
Patrick McCool
 Ireland
Ruben Vazquez
 Mexico
Discus throw 1B
Stephen Kempf
 United States
Julius Duval
 United States
R. Muise
 Canada
Discus throw 1C
Siegmar Henker
 West Germany
Manfred Emmel
 West Germany
David Hynds
 New Zealand
Discus throw 2
Robert Tusa
 United States
Clause Stevens
 Ireland
Doug Lyons
 Canada
Discus throw 3
Eric Russell
 Australia
David Williamson
 United States
Yitzhak Galitzki
 Israel
Discus throw 4
Remi Ophem
 Belgium
Eugene Reimer
 Canada
Luis Grieb
 Argentina
Discus throw 5
Chaim Fliter
 Israel
Ed Owen
 United States
Ray Clark
 United States
Discus throw A
Pekka Kujala
 Finland
Carl Lind
 Finland
Tadeusz Milewski
 Poland
Discus throw B
Jan Brzegowski
 Poland
Teuno Talmia
 Finland
Timo Sulisalo
 Finland
Discus throw C
Hans Josefiak
 West Germany
Dieter Belz
 West Germany
E. Kuehnel
 West Germany
Discus throw C1
Tauno Mannila
 Finland
Harry Moseby
 Australia
Moshe Barbalat
 Israel
Discus throw D
Isashar Navon
 Israel
Kanda
 Austria
Ebbe Berglund
 Sweden
Discus throw D1
John Jerome
 United States
J. Behan
 United States
Curt Brinkman
 United States
Discus throw E
Atte Karkkainen
 Finland
Alois Beez
 West Germany
Raimo Hiiri
 Finland
Discus throw F
Achiel Braet
 Belgium
Sepp Gasser
 Austria
Saneng Hanafi
 Indonesia
Discus throw J1
Metwali Ahmed Khadr
 Egypt
None None
Javelin throw 1C
Tommy Hite
 United States
Siegmar Henker
 West Germany
Guenter Spiess
 West Germany
Javelin throw 2
J. F. G. Weyers
 Netherlands
Ron Halsey
 United States
John Kestel
 Australia
Javelin throw 3
Reno Levis
 United States
Eric Russell
 Australia
David Williamson
 United States
Javelin throw 4
Michael Cunningham
 Ireland
John Kidd
 Australia
Eugene Reimer
 Canada
Javelin throw 5
Chaim Fliter
 Israel
Ray Clark
 United States
P. Morel
 France
Javelin throw A
Pekka Kujala
 Finland
Jago Mikulic
 Australia
Robert Fraeyman
 Belgium
Javelin throw B
Timo Sulisalo
 Finland
Terje Hansen
 Norway
Idar Hunstad
 Norway
Javelin throw C
E. Kuehnel
 West Germany
J. Stam
 Netherlands
Pelanzer
 Austria
Javelin throw C1
E. Niebuhr
 West Germany
Alois Karner
 Austria
W. Lerubo
 South Africa
Javelin throw D
Ebbe Berglund
 Sweden
Leon Sur
 France
Reino Teivonen
 Finland
Javelin throw D1
John Jerome
 United States
J. Behan
 United States
M. Johnson
 United States
Javelin throw F
Achiel Braet
 Belgium
M. Roberts
 Great Britain
Saneng Hanafi
 Indonesia
Javelin throw J
Avraham Levi
 Israel
None None
Javelin throw J1
Metwali Ahmed Khadr
 Egypt
None None
Precision javelin throw 1C-5
Walter Telsnig
 Austria
Honorio Romero
 Argentina
Roy Nungester
 United States
Precision javelin throw C
Chihiro Hatta
 Japan
Antti Nikkinen
 Finland
J. Stam
 Netherlands
Precision javelin throw C1
Tauno Mannila
 Finland
Kalle Rajanalme
 Finland
Bengt-Gosta Johansson
 Sweden
Precision javelin throw D
Ebbe Berglund
 Sweden
Yoshiharu Honpa
 Japan
Winkler
 Austria
Precision javelin throw D1
J. Behan
 United States
D. Hoddleston
 South Africa
Zenji Hasegawa
 Japan
Precision javelin throw E
Veikko Hiltunen
 Finland
Chris Facey
 Canada
Raimo Hiiri
 Finland
Precision javelin throw F
Itria Dini
 Indonesia
Veikko Suokas
 Finland
Abedo
 Egypt
Precision javelin throw J
Avraham Levi
 Israel
None None
Precision javelin throw J1
Metwali Ahmed Khadr
 Egypt
None None
Shot put 1A
Edund Weber
 West Germany
Wayne Patchett
 Australia
Ruben Vazquez
 Mexico
Shot put 1B
Julius Duval
 United States
Stephen Kempf
 United States
Fabian Kohlbrenner
 Switzerland
Shot put 1C
Guenter Spiess
 West Germany
Siegmar Henker
 West Germany
Tommy Hite
 United States
Shot put 2
Doug Lyons
 Canada
Murray Todd
 Australia
Clause Stevens
 Ireland
N. Weber
 South Africa
Shot put 3
Eric Russell
 Australia
L. Labuschagne
 South Africa
Jim Savage
 New Zealand
Shot put 4
Bill Lean
 New Zealand[2]
Johann Schuhbauer
 West Germany
Walter Pfaller
 Austria
Shot put 5
Ray Clark
 United States
Horst Gotthelf
 West Germany
Chaim Fliter
 Israel
Shot put A
Pekka Kujala
 Finland
Carl Lind
 Finland
W. Klein
 West Germany
Shot put B
Dieter Grundmann
 West Germany
Teuno Talmia
 Finland
Andrzej Pawlik
 Poland
Shot put C
Dieter Belz
 West Germany
E. Kuehnel
 West Germany
Hans Josefiak
 West Germany
Shot put C1
Tauno Mannila
 Finland
Alois Karner
 Austria
Moshe Barbalat
 Israel
Shot put D
Werner Brawand
 Switzerland
Reino Teivonen
 Finland
Isashar Navon
 Israel
Shot put D1
John Jerome
 United States
J. Behan
 United States
D. Hoddleston
 South Africa
Shot put E
Alois Beez
 West Germany
Atte Karkkainen
 Finland
Reino Jaaskelainen
 Finland
Shot put F
Achiel Braet
 Belgium
Sepp Gasser
 Austria
Itria Dini
 Indonesia
Shot put J1
Metwali Ahmed Khadr
 Egypt
None None
Football accuracy E1
Jorn Nielsen
 Denmark
None None
Football distance E1
Jorn Nielsen
 Denmark
None None
Slalom 1A
Juan Almaraz
 Mexico
Rod Vleiger
 United States
Ed Batt
 Canada
Slalom 1B
Eduardo Monsalvo
 Mexico
Carmelo Addaris
 Italy
Leif Hedman
 Sweden
Slalom 1C
D. Miller
 New Zealand
Hiroshi Nakagawa
 Japan
Tommy Hite
 United States
Slalom 2
Eusebio Valdez
 Mexico
Eloy Guerrero
 Spain
Schmicking
 West Germany
Carlo Jannucci
 Italy
Slalom 3
Lars Lofstrom
 Sweden
Michio Saito
 Japan
James Steuwe
 United States
Slalom 4
Yoshiteru Hoshi
 Japan
Brian McNicholl
 New Zealand
Chris Stoddard
 Canada
Slalom 5
Isao Kishino
 Japan
Kenichi Tomita
 Japan
Rolf Johansson
 Sweden
Pentathlon 1A
A. West
 Great Britain
Matti Launonen
 Finland
None
Pentathlon 1B
Steiner
 West Germany
Dennis Cherenko
 Canada
Leif Hedman
 Sweden
Pentathlon 1C
Guenter Spiess
 West Germany
Siegmar Henker
 West Germany
Felix Lettner
 Austria
Pentathlon 2
Schmicking
 West Germany
Jouko Korhonen
 Finland
Clarence Bastarache
 Canada
Pentathlon 3
Eric Russell
 Australia
Kleinjans
 West Germany
David Williamson
 United States
Pentathlon 4
Johann Schuhbauer
 West Germany
Eugene Reimer
 Canada
Taiso Kainu
 Finland
Pentathlon 5
Ray Clark
 United States
Filip Bardoel
 Belgium
E. Englebrecht
 South Africa
Pentathlon A
Ryszard Kozuch
 Poland
Reuven Perach
 Israel
Jago Mikulic
 Australia
Pentathlon B
Andrzej Pawlik
 Poland
Lars-Goran Nilsson
 Sweden
W. Martens
 West Germany
Pentathlon C
Zvi Hoffman
 Israel
Nils Ander
 Sweden
Apschner
 Austria
Pentathlon C1
Bengt-Gosta Johansson
 Sweden
Henryk Piatkowski
 Poland
Karl Prichtzig
 Austria
Pentathlon D
Gerhard Grinninger
 Austria
Karl Haider
 Austria
Chris Ireland
 Great Britain
Pentathlon E
A. Broeckhuysen
 Netherlands
Reino Jaaskelainen
 Finland
Chris Facey
 Canada
Pentathlon E1
Wolfgang Magnet
 Austria
None None
Pentathlon F
Sepp Gasser
 Austria
Heikki Miettinen
 Finland
Amran Cohen
 Israel

Women's events

Event Gold Silver Bronze
60 m 1A
Josefina Cornejo
 Mexico
Ruth Wendt
 United States
Lourdes Morales
 Mexico
60 m 1B
Martha Sandoval
 Mexico
Rosaleen Gallagher
 Ireland
Rosa Sicari
 Italy
60 m 1C
Tracey Freeman
 Australia
Sharon Myers
 United States
Gilberte Brasey
 Switzerland
60 m 2
Glee Lyford
 United States
Kathleen Fagan
 Ireland
Concepcion Salguero
 Mexico
60 m 3
B. Howie
 Great Britain
Ellyn Boyd
 United States
Karen Casper
 United States
60 m 4
Annie Cornil
 Belgium
Sharon Rahn
 United States
Carol Bryant
 Great Britain
60 m 5
Helene Håkansson
 Sweden
Silke Boll
 West Germany
Constance Head
 United States
60 m A
Irena Bak
 Poland
J. Pacquette
 Canada
T. Stevenson
 Canada
100 m B
Reidun Laengen
 Norway
Yasuko Takeuchi
 Japan
Lynda Bethel
 Great Britain
100 m D1
P. Martin
 United States
None None
100 m F
Lina Franzese
 Italy
None None
200 m 2
Elisabeth Bisquolm
 Switzerland
Concepcion Salguero
 Mexico
Glee Lyford
 United States
200 m 3
Ellyn Boyd
 United States
Karen Casper
 United States
Emilie Schwarz
 Austria
400 m 2
Elisabeth Bisquolm
 Switzerland
Concepcion Salguero
 Mexico
Glee Lyford
 United States
400 m 3
Ellyn Boyd
 United States
Karen Casper
 United States
Emilie Schwarz
 Austria
800 m 4
Sharon Rahn
 United States
Annie Cornil
 Belgium
Gisela Hermes
 West Germany
800 m 5
Silke Boll
 West Germany
Helene Håkansson
 Sweden
Masami Morimoto
 Japan
1500 m F1
Lina Franzese
 Italy
None None
4×40 m relay 25
 United States (USA)  West Germany (FRG)  Austria (AUT)
High jump A
B. Stanger
 Canada
None None
High jump B
G. Bloomfield
 Canada
None None
Long jump A
A. Anderson
 Sweden
Donna Brown
 United States
T. Stevenson
 Canada
Long jump B
Reidun Laengen
 Norway
Lucille Baillargeon
 Canada
None
Long jump D
Stefania Chwedoruk
 Poland
None None
Club throw 1A
Josefina Cornejo
 Mexico
Ruth Wendt
 United States
Joyce Murland
 Canada
Club throw 1B
Martha Sandoval
 Mexico
Ruth Rosenbaum
 United States
Rosaleen Gallagher
 Ireland
Precision club throw 1A-1B
L. Claasen
 South Africa
Josefina Cornejo
 Mexico
Ruth Rosenbaum
 United States
Discus throw 1A
Josefina Cornejo
 Mexico
Ruth Wendt
 United States
Joyce Murland
 Canada
Discus throw 1B
Martha Sandoval
 Mexico
Ruth Rosenbaum
 United States
Rosaleen Gallagher
 Ireland
Discus throw 1C
Gilberte Brasey
 Switzerland
Tracey Freeman
 Australia
Sharon Myers
 United States
Discus throw 2
Krystyna Owczarczyk
 Poland
Kathleen Fagan
 Ireland
Christine Doprill
 Ireland
Discus throw 3
Eve M. Rimmer
 New Zealand
Emilie Schwarz
 Austria
Waltraud Hagenlocher
 West Germany
Discus throw 4
Ora Goldstein
 Israel
Lucie Raiche
 Canada
Darleen Quinlan
 United States
Discus throw 5
Hazel Terry
 Great Britain
Zipora Rubin-Rosenbaum
 Israel
J. Josephs
 South Africa
Discus throw A
J. Pacquette
 Canada
Marie Harrower
 Great Britain
Marguerite Grosjean
 Switzerland
Discus throw B
Bozena Kwiatkowska
 Poland
L. Lahey
 Canada
Lynda Bethel
 Great Britain
Discus throw D
Th. Engelbertink
 Netherlands
Edeltraud Russo
 Switzerland
None
Javelin throw 1C
Tracey Freeman
 Australia
Gilberte Brasey
 Switzerland
Sharon Myers
 United States
Javelin throw 2
Margit Quell
 West Germany
Elaine Schreiber
 Australia
Christine Doprill
 Ireland
Javelin throw 3
Eve M. Rimmer
 New Zealand
Waltraud Hagenlocher
 West Germany
Rosalie Hixson
 United States
Javelin throw 4
Darleen Quinlan
 United States
Mickey Strole
 United States
Elaine Ell
 Canada
Javelin throw 5
Zipora Rubin-Rosenbaum
 Israel
J. Josephs
 South Africa
Margarethe Oberrauter
 Austria
Javelin throw A
J. Pacquette
 Canada
None None
Javelin throw B
Lucille Baillargeon
 Canada
Lynda Bethel
 Great Britain
None
Javelin throw D
Th. Engelbertink
 Netherlands
Diane Pidskalny
 Canada
T. Chiapo
 Peru
Javelin throw D1
P. Martin
 United States
None None
Precision javelin throw 1C-5
B. Delport
 South Africa
C. van der Vis-Morel
 Netherlands
S. Carraz
 Switzerland
Precision javelin throw D
Ryoko Sakuraba
 Japan
Hargreiter
 Austria
Diane Pidskalny
 Canada
Precision javelin throw D1
P. Martin
 United States
None None
Shot put 1A
L. Claasen
 South Africa
Parra Gonzalez
 Argentina
Ruth Wendt
 United States
Shot put 1B
Ruth Rosenbaum
 United States
Rosaleen Gallagher
 Ireland
Caroline Troxler-Kung
 Switzerland
Shot put 1C
Tracey Freeman
 Australia
Gilberte Brasey
 Switzerland
Sharon Myers
 United States
Shot put 2
Margit Quell
 West Germany
Christine Doprill
 Ireland
Krystyna Owczarczyk
 Poland
Shot put 3
Eve M. Rimmer
 New Zealand
Waltraud Hagenlocher
 West Germany
Emilie Schwarz
 Austria
Shot put 4
Ora Goldstein
 Israel
Mickey Strole
 United States
Darleen Quinlan
 United States
Shot put 5
Zipora Rubin-Rosenbaum
 Israel
Hazel Terry
 Great Britain
Eva Burgunder
 Switzerland
Shot put A
Irena Bak
 Poland
Marguerite Grosjean
 Switzerland
Marie Harrower
 Great Britain
Shot put B
Yasuko Takeuchi
 Japan
Bozena Kwiatkowska
 Poland
Lucille Baillargeon
 Canada
Shot put D
Edeltraud Russo
 Switzerland
Th. Engelbertink
 Netherlands
Diane Pidskalny
 Canada
Shot put D1
P. Martin
 United States
None None
Slalom 1A
Ruth Wendt
 United States
Lourdes Morales
 Mexico
Karen Donaldson
 United States
Slalom 1B
Ruth Rosenbaum
 United States
Rosaleen Gallagher
 Ireland
Rosa Sicari
 Italy
Slalom 1C
Sharon Myers
 United States
Tracey Freeman
 Australia
Gilberte Brasey
 Switzerland
Slalom 2
Cristina Benedetti
 Argentina
Glee Lyford
 United States
Kathleen Fagan
 Ireland
Slalom 3
Martina Tschoetschel
 West Germany
Emilie Schwarz
 Austria
M. Schaefer
 South Africa
Slalom 4
Tomoko Yamazaki
 Japan
Darleen Quinlan
 United States
Rita Laux
 West Germany
Slalom 5
Masami Morimoto
 Japan
Joanne McDonald
 Canada
Silke Boll
 West Germany
Pentathlon 1A
Josefina Cornejo
 Mexico
None None
Pentathlon 1B
Rosaleen Gallagher
 Ireland
Caroline Troxler-Kung
 Switzerland
Jane Blackburn
 Great Britain
Pentathlon 1C
Liebrecht
 West Germany
None None
Pentathlon 2
Rosa Schweizer
 Austria
Lynette Hunter
 United States
Dawn Jackson
 Great Britain
Pentathlon 3
Eve M. Rimmer
 New Zealand
Waltraud Hagenlocher
 West Germany
D. Crow
 Canada
Pentathlon 4
S. Battran
 West Germany
Ora Goldstein
 Israel
Elaine Ell
 Canada
Pentathlon 5
Zipora Rubin-Rosenbaum
 Israel
Hazel Terry
 Great Britain
None
Pentathlon A
J. Pacquette
 Canada
B. Stanger
 Canada
T. Stevenson
 Canada
Pentathlon B
Lucille Baillargeon
 Canada
Simmons
 Canada
None
Pentathlon D
Stefania Chwedoruk
 Poland
None None
Pentathlon D1
Barbara Bedla
 Poland
None None

References

  1. Stephen, Phyllis (29 August 2012). "Derek Howie – our very own paralympian". theedinburghreporter.co.uk. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  2. Meikle, Hayden (19 July 2011). "No 101: Bill Lean breaks world record (1976)". Otago Times. odt.co.nz. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
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