Battle of Kumher

Battle of Kumher
	Part of Maratha-Jat Wars
Date	20 January 1754 – 18 May 1754
Location	Kumher
Result	Strategic Maratha victory Khanderao Holkar was hit and killed by a cannonball; Jat raja agrees to pay 30 lakhs to Holkar and 2 crores to Imad and Raghunath Rao.;
Belligerents
Kingdom of Bharatpur	Maratha Empire; Mughal Empire
Commanders and leaders
Suraj Mal	Khanderao Holkar †; Raghunathrao; Imad-ul-Mulk

The battle of Kumher was fought among Jats, Marathas and Mughals.

Battle

Kumher was founded by a Jat chieftain Kumbh. In 1754, when Suraj Mal was the king, the fort came under siege by Marathas, as peshwa Balaji Baji Rao's younger brother Raghunathrao (Supported by Scindias and Holkars) wanted to be subservient to them. However the siege did not succeed. In 1754, on behest of Mughal Emperor Alamgir II, Khanderao laid the siege of Kumher fort of Suraj Mal of Bharatpur, who had the sided with the Alamgir II's adversary Siraj ud-Daulah.^[2]^[3]^[4] Khanderao Holkar, son of Malhar Rao Holkar, was inspecting his troops on an open palanquin in the battle of kumher when he was hit and killed by a cannonball from the Jat army. To honor Khanderao, Suraj Mal built a chhatri on the cremation spot of Khanderao at Kumher. After Khanderao's death the siege was continued by Raghunath Rao and Imad. After a 4 month siege an agreement was signed between Surajmal and the Marathas. 30 lakhs was promised in installments to Holkar and 2 crores which was supposed to be given to the Mughal emperor as peshkash was now given to Imad and Raghunath instead.^[1]

References

1 2 3 Sarkar, Jadunath (2007). Fall of the Mughal Empire:vol one. Orient Black Swan. p. 326. Surajmal, too, professed the deepest sorrow for this issue of war and sent mourning robes for Malhar and Khande's son....the siege of Kumher dragged on for four months. At last in the middle of may, peace was made, Rupram, on behalf of his master, gave a written bond to pay the Marathas 30 lakhs by installments in three years. In addition to this, the two krores which had been previously imposed by Imad as peshkash due from the Jat rajah to the emperor, was now agreed to be paid to Imad and the Marathas instead. So the siege ended, Imad left the place on 18th May and Raghunath Rao on the 22nd, and both came to Mathura.
↑ Entwistle, A. W. (1987). Braj: Centre of Krishna Pilgrimage (illustrated ed.). E. Forsten. p. 554. ISBN 978-9-069-8-00165. ISSN 0924-8846.
↑ Gupta, Pratik (2014). Maratha Generals and Personalities: A gist of great personalities of Marathas. Pratik gupta. p. 190.
↑ Dabas, Bal Kishan (2001). The Political and Social History of the Jats. Sanjay Prakashan. p. 291. ISBN 978-8-174-5-30455.

27°18′53″N 77°22′45″E / 27.3148°N 77.3792°E / 27.3148; 77.3792

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[JP-1] 1 2 3 Sarkar, Jadunath (2007). Fall of the Mughal Empire:vol one. Orient Black Swan. p. 326. Surajmal, too, professed the deepest sorrow for this issue of war and sent mourning robes for Malhar and Khande's son....the siege of Kumher dragged on for four months. At last in the middle of may, peace was made, Rupram, on behalf of his master, gave a written bond to pay the Marathas 30 lakhs by installments in three years. In addition to this, the two krores which had been previously imposed by Imad as peshkash due from the Jat rajah to the emperor, was now agreed to be paid to Imad and the Marathas instead. So the siege ended, Imad left the place on 18th May and Raghunath Rao on the 22nd, and both came to Mathura.

[2] Entwistle, A. W. (1987). Braj: Centre of Krishna Pilgrimage (illustrated ed.). E. Forsten. p. 554. ISBN 978-9-069-8-00165. ISSN 0924-8846.

[3] Gupta, Pratik (2014). Maratha Generals and Personalities: A gist of great personalities of Marathas. Pratik gupta. p. 190.

[4] Dabas, Bal Kishan (2001). The Political and Social History of the Jats. Sanjay Prakashan. p. 291. ISBN 978-8-174-5-30455.

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