Bedřich Fritta (Portrait by Peter Kien, Theresienstadt)

Bedřich Fritta (19 September 1906, Višňová – 8 November 1944, Auschwitz) was a Czech-Jewish artist and cartoonist.[1]

Life

Fritta was born to a Jewish family in Višňová as Fritz Taussig. After his father's death he moved to Prague with his mother in 1928. In the late 1920s he lived in Paris for two years working as a caricaturist. When he returned to Prague he worked as a technical artist for architect Emil Weisz and later as an illustrator for Ladislav Radoměrský's advertisement agency.

In the 1930s, he devoted himself to political caricature for the satirical magazine Simplicus. The magazine was an heir to the German magazine Simplicissimus after its Jewish editor Thomas Theodor Heine left Nazi Germany and went to Czechoslovakia.[2][3] Taussig published under pseudonym "Fritta" - created from the first letters of his name and surname. From 1934 to 1935 he again lived in Paris. After his return he had his name legally changed to Bedřich Fritta in 1936. In the same year he married his wife Johanna Fantlová. They lived in Karlín where Fritta worked as a graphic artist and as an art teacher. Their son Tomáš was born in 1941.

During WWII

In 1941 Fritta was interned in Theresienstadt Ghetto. His wife and son followed him in 1942. Together with other illustrators in the ghetto Fritta worked as a technical artist. Because of their access to the tools they were able to illegally draw expressionist sketches of life in the overcrowded ghetto. Together with Leo Haas, Otto Ungar and Ferdinand Bloch he was arrested and interrogated. The artists were able to hide their drawings before the arrest. Bloch died in the Small Fortress prison in Theresienstadt. Others were deported to Auschwitz, where Fritta died of illness and exhaustion in 1944. His wife and son were imprisoned in the Small Fortress, where Johanna died of typhus in February 1945. Their son Tomáš survived the Holocaust and was adopted by Leo Hass and his wife Erna. Out of the four arrested artists only Leo Haas survived the war and recovered the hidden drawings. He displayed these works in Mánes Pavilion after the war. Some of Fritta's surviving works are held by the Jewish Museum Berlin[4] and the Jewish Museum of Switzerland.

Publications

  • To Tommy, for his Third Birthday (1999) - A picture book Fritta draw for his son's third birthday.[5]

References

  1. ↑ Last Expression. "Bedřich Fritta". Northwestern University. Archived from the original on 9 September 2001. Retrieved 28 August 2013.
  2. ↑ Rössler, Patrick. "Wielding a sharp pencil against the Nazi regime: The illustrators of the satirical magazines Simplicus and Der Simpl (1934–1935) and their work in exile in Prague". Cairn. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  3. ↑ Jewish Museum. "Bedřich Fritta (1906-1944): Makeshift Barracks (An Evening in the Barracks), Terezín, 1942-44". Jewish Museum in Prague. Retrieved 28 August 2013.
  4. ↑ "Art from the Holocaust". Yad Vashem.
  5. ↑ "To Tommy, for his Third Birthday". Jewish Museum Berlin.


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