Belfast East
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Outline map
Boundary of Belfast East in Northern Ireland
Districts of Northern IrelandBelfast, Castlereagh
Population92,221 (2011 census)[1]
Electorate60,516 (March 2011)
BoroughBelfast
Current constituency
Created1922
Member of ParliamentGavin Robinson (DUP)
Seats1
Created from
1885–1918
Seats1
Type of constituencyBorough constituency
Created fromBelfast
Replaced by

Belfast East is a parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons. The current MP is Gavin Robinson of the DUP.

Boundaries

1885–1918 In the parliamentary borough of Belfast, Dock ward (except the part in the Belfast North constituency); the part of Cromac ward in County Down; the townlands of Ballycloghan, Ballyhackamore, Ballymaghan, Ballymisert and Strandtown in the parish of Holywood; and the townlands of Ballyrushboy, Knock and Multyhogy in the parish of Knockbreda.[2]
1922–1950 The Pottinger and Victoria Divisions[3]
1950–1974 In the county borough of Belfast, the wards of Mountpottinger, Dock and Victoria[4]
1974–1983 In the county borough of Belfast, the wards of Pottinger and Victoria, and in the Rural District of Castlereagh, the district electoral divisions of Ballyhackamore, Ballymaconaghy, Ballymiscaw, Castlereagh, Dundonald, and Gilnakirk[5]
1983–1997 The District of Belfast wards of Ballyhackamore, Ballymacarrett, Belmont, Bloomfield, Island, Orangefield, Shandon, Stormont, Sydenham, and The Mount, and the District of Castlereagh wards of Cregagh, Downshire, Lisnasharragh, and Wynchurch[6]
1997–2010 The District of Belfast wards of Ballyhackamore, Ballymacarrett, Belmont, Bloomfield, Cherryvalley, Island, Knock, Orangefield, Stormont, Sydenham, and The Mount, and the District of Castlereagh wards of Cregagh, Downshire, Gilnahirk, Hillfoot, Lisnasharragh, Lower Braniel, Tullycarnet, Upper Braniel, and Wynchurch.[7]
2010–present The District of Belfast wards of Ballyhackamore, Ballymacarrett, Belmont, Bloomfield, Cherryvalley, Island, Knock, Orangefield, Stormont, Sydenham, and The Mount, and the District of Castlereagh wards of Ballyhanwood, Carrowreagh, Cregagh, Downshire, Dundonald, Enler, Gilnakirk, Graham's Bridge, Lisnasharragh, Lower Braniel, Tullycarnet, and Upper Braniel.[8]

The seat was created in 1922 when, under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, the number of seats in Northern Ireland in the Westminster Parliament was cut from 30 to 13, following the establishment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland. The seat is centred on the east section of Belfast and also contains part of the district of Lisburn and Castlereagh.

Prior to the 2010 general election the Northern Ireland Boundary Commission proposed expanding Belfast East further into Castlereagh, taking in areas currently contained in Strangford, however almost all of these areas were part of Belfast East until 1983. A small part of the constituency was proposed for transfer to Belfast South.

Following a public meeting and revised recommendations, the new boundaries of Belfast East were confirmed by the commission and passed through Parliament through the use of the Northern Ireland Parliamentary Constituencies Order.[9]

History

Belfast East is an overwhelmingly unionist constituency with nationalist parties routinely failing to get more than 10% of the vote combined. The main interest has been the contest between unionist parties and the fortunes of the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland.

Dominated by the giant Samson and Goliath cranes of the Harland and Wolff shipyard, the constituency is socially mixed. There are large expanses of small Victorian terraced housing near Belfast City Centre and around the shipyard in Ballymacarrett. These areas have seen significant refurbishment, and in some places demolition and redevelopment, in recent years sparking a sharp rise in house prices. This is contrasted by a large amount of solidly lower-middle class housing and some exclusive residential districts such as the much mocked Cherryvalley. This social polarisation is to a large degree reflected by the political polarisation, at least within the broader unionist family, in the seat. The small Catholic population is split between the largely working class Short Strand enclave and minorities in the more middle-class parts of the seat.

The seat was consistently held by the Ulster Unionist Party until the 1974 general election when the sitting MP, Stanley McMaster, defended it as a Pro-Assembly Unionist against a united anti-Sunningdale Agreement coalition which nominated William Craig of the Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party. Craig won the seat and held it for five years, moving to the UUP in February 1978.

In the 1979 general election the constituency witnessed a very close three-way fight between Peter Robinson of the Democratic Unionist Party, William Craig for the UUP and Oliver Napier for the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland. Less than 1000 votes separated the three candidates. Robinson beat Craig by the narrow margin of 64 votes. Also of note was that over 90% of votes went to parties that had not contested the seat at the previous election – in part due to realignments of the parties.

Robinson continued to hold the seat but the Alliance Party continued to poll well, and in 1987 John Alderdice polled 32.1% – the highest ever for Alliance in a Westminster election before 2010. However, their vote declined until 2010 and in 2005 they finished a distant third.

In the 2001 general election, Alliance proposed a pro-Good Friday Agreement pact with the Ulster Unionist Party in the hopes of getting UUP support in Belfast East. The UUP did not agree and so both parties stood. Robinson was re-elected with 42.5%, with the UUP, Alliance and Progressive Unionist Party carving up the pro-Agreement pro-union vote between them, but it is doubtful that an unopposed Alliance candidate could have consolidated all of that vote to beat Robinson.

In 2009 and 2010, Robinson became mired in a number of political scandals. In the 2010 general election, however, the Alliance Party candidate and sitting Lord Mayor of Belfast Naomi Long defeated Robinson, in a shock result, more than tripling the Alliance vote and giving the Alliance their first ever seat in Westminster. Predictably, this was also the seat in which the Alliance gained the highest vote share, at 37.2%, more than double their best efforts elsewhere.

Of the 18 seats in the region, East Belfast has the highest percentage of Methodists. The 2019 winning vote share was the fourth-largest of the region, but just short of an absolute majority.

Members of Parliament

The Member of Parliament after the 2010 general election was Naomi Long, who defeated Peter Robinson, MP for Belfast East since the 1979 general election. Naomi Long subsequently lost her seat to Gavin Robinson in the 2015 general election.

ElectionMemberParty
1885 Edward de Cobain Conservative
1892 by-election Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Conservative
1910 Robert McMordie Irish Unionist
1914 by-election Robert Sharman-Crawford Irish Unionist
1918 constituency abolished
1922 constituency recreated
Herbert Dixon Ulster Unionist
1940 by-election Henry Harland Ulster Unionist
1945 Thomas Loftus Cole Ulster Unionist
1950 Alan McKibbin Ulster Unionist
1959 by-election Stanley McMaster Ulster Unionist
Feb 1974 William Craig Vanguard
1978 Ulster Unionist
1979 Peter Robinson DUP
2010 Naomi Long Alliance
2015 Gavin Robinson DUP

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Belfast East[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Gavin Robinson 20,874 49.2 ―6.6
Alliance Naomi Long 19,055 44.9 +8.9
Ulster Unionist Carl McClean 2,516 5.9 +2.6
Majority 1,819 4.3 ―15.5
Turnout 42,445 64.1 ―3.4
Registered electors 66,217
DUP hold Swing ―7.4
General election 2017: Belfast East[11][12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Gavin Robinson 23,917 55.8 +6.5
Alliance Naomi Long 15,443 36.0 ―6.8
Ulster Unionist Hazel Legge 1,408 3.3 New
Sinn Féin Mairéad O'Donnell 894 2.1 0.0
Green (NI) Georgina Milne 561 1.3 ―1.4
NI Conservatives Sheila Bodel 446 1.0 ―1.8
SDLP Séamas de Faoite 167 0.4 +0.1
Independent Bobby Beck 54 0.1 New
Majority 8,474 19.8 +13.3
Turnout 42,890 67.5 +4.7
Registered electors 63,495
DUP hold Swing +6.6
General election 2015: Belfast East[13][14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Gavin Robinson[15] 19,575 49.3 +16.5
Alliance Naomi Long 16,978 42.8 +5.6
NI Conservatives Neil Wilson[16] 1,121 2.8 −18.4
Green (NI) Ross Brown 1,058 2.7 New
Sinn Féin Niall Ó Donnghaile 823 2.1 ―0.3
SDLP Mary Muldoon 127 0.3 ―0.8
Majority 2,597 6.5 N/A
Turnout 39,682 62.8 +4.4
Registered electors 63,157
DUP gain from Alliance Swing +5.4
General election 2010: Belfast East[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Alliance Naomi Long 12,839 37.2 +25.0
DUP Peter Robinson 11,306 32.8 ―16.3
UCU-NF Trevor Ringland 7,305 21.2 −8.9
TUV David Vance 1,856 5.4 New
Sinn Féin Niall Ó Donnghaile 817 2.4 ―0.9
SDLP Mary Muldoon 365 1.1 ―1.6
Majority 1,533 4.4 N/A
Turnout 34,488 58.4 +0.4
Registered electors 59,007
Alliance gain from DUP Swing ―22.9

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Belfast East[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Peter Robinson 15,152 49.1 +6.6
Ulster Unionist Reg Empey 9,275 30.1 +6.9
Alliance Naomi Long 3,746 12.2 ―3.6
Sinn Féin Deborah Devenny 1,029 3.3 ―0.1
SDLP Mary Muldoon 844 2.7 +0.3
NI Conservatives Alan Greer 434 1.4 ―0.8
Workers' Party Joe Bell 179 0.6 +0.3
Rainbow Dream Ticket Lynda Gilby 172 0.6 +0.4
Majority 5,877 19.0 ―0.3
Turnout 30,831 58.0 ―5.0
Registered electors 52,899
DUP hold Swing ―0.1
General election 2001: Belfast East[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Peter Robinson 15,667 42.5 −0.1
Ulster Unionist Tim Lemon 8,550 23.2 −2.1
Alliance David Alderdice 5,832 15.8 −8.0
PUP David Ervine 3,669 10.0 New
Sinn Féin Joe O'Donnell 1,237 3.4 +1.3
SDLP Ciara Farren 880 2.4 +0.8
NI Conservatives Terry Dick 800 2.2 −0.2
Workers' Party Joe Bell 123 0.3 -0.3
Rainbow Dream Ticket Rainbow George Weiss 71 0.2 New
Majority 7,117 19.3 +2.0
Turnout 36,829 63.0 -0.2
Registered electors 58,455
DUP hold Swing +1.0

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Belfast East[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Peter Robinson 16,640 42.6 −11.9
Ulster Unionist Reg Empey 9,886 25.3 New
Alliance Jim Hendron 9,288 23.8 −3.5
NI Conservatives Sarah Dines 928 2.4 −7.6
Sinn Féin Dominic Carr 810 2.1 +0.4
SDLP Patricia Lewsley 629 1.6 New
Former Captain NI Football Team Derek Dougan 541 1.4 New
Workers' Party Joe Bell 237 0.6 -0.3
Natural Law David Collins 70 0.2 -0.2
Majority 6,754 17.3 −9.9
Turnout 39,029 63.2 −4.5
Registered electors 61,837
DUP hold Swing

1997 Changes are compared to the 1992 notional results shown below.[21]

Notional 1992 UK General Election Result : Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP N/A 22,635 54.5 N/A
Alliance N/A 11,337 27.3 N/A
NI Conservatives N/A 4,170 10.0 N/A
Others N/A 2,723 6.6 N/A
Sinn Féin N/A 686 1.7 N/A
Majority 11,298 27.2 N/A
General election 1992: Belfast East[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Peter Robinson 18,437 51.5 −10.4
Alliance John Alderdice 10,650 29.8 −2.3
NI Conservatives David Greene 3,314 9.3 New
Ind. Unionist Dorothy Dunlop 2,256 6.3 New
Sinn Féin Joe O'Donnell 679 1.9 −0.1
Workers' Party Joe Bell 327 0.9 −3.1
Natural Law Guy Redden 128 0.4 New
Majority 7,787 21.7 −8.1
Turnout 35,791 67.7 +7.5
Registered electors 52,869
DUP hold Swing

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Belfast East[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Peter Robinson 20,372 61.9 +16.6
Alliance John Alderdice 10,574 32.1 +8.0
Workers' Party Frances Cullen 1,314 4.0 +2.9
Sinn Féin Joe O'Donnell 649 2.0 +0.2
Majority 9,798 29.8 +9.3
Turnout 32,909 60.2 −9.8
Registered electors 54,628
DUP hold Swing
By-election 1986: Belfast East[24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Peter Robinson 27,607 81.0 +35.7
Alliance Oliver Napier 5,917 17.4 −6.7
Workers' Party Frances Cullen 578 1.7 +0.6
Majority 21,690 63.6 +43.1
Turnout 34,102 61.7 −8.3
Registered electors 55,256
DUP hold Swing

Note: The by-election was caused by the decision of all Unionist MPs to resign their seats and seek re-election on a platform of opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement.

General election 1983: Belfast East[25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Peter Robinson 17,631 45.3 +13.9
Ulster Unionist Jeremy Burchill 9,642 24.8 −6.4
Alliance Oliver Napier 9,373 24.1 −5.5
Sinn Féin Denis Donaldson 682 1.8 New
Labour and Trade Union Muriel Tang 584 1.5 New
SDLP Peter Prendiville 519 1.3 New
Workers' Party Frances Cullen 421 1.1 New
New Agenda Herbert Boyd 59 0.2 New
Majority 7,989 20.5 +20.3
Turnout 38,911 70.0 +2.4
Registered electors 55,539
DUP hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
DUP Peter Robinson 15,994 31.4 New
Ulster Unionist William Craig 15,930 31.2 New
Alliance Oliver Napier 15,066 29.6 New
Unionist Party NI Norman Agnew 2,017 4.0 -23.0
NI Labour George Chambers 1,982 3.9 −10.0
Majority 64 0.2 N/A
Turnout 50,989 67.6 +0.5
Registered electors 75,481
DUP gain from Vanguard Swing
General election October 1974: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Vanguard William Craig 31,594 59.1 +10.7
Unionist Party NI Peter McLachlan 14,417 27.0 New
NI Labour David Bleakley 7,415 13.9 −0.2
Majority 17,177 32.1 +18.6
Turnout 53,426 67.1 −4.8
Registered electors 79,591
Vanguard hold Swing
General election February 1974: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Vanguard William Craig 27,817 48.4 New
Pro-Assembly Unionist Stanley McMaster 20,077 34.9 New
NI Labour David Bleakley 8,122 14.1 -26.4
SDLP Desmond Gillespie 1,502 2.6 New
Majority 7,740 13.5 N/A
Turnout 57,518 71.9 -3.7
Registered electors 80,032
Vanguard gain from Ulster Unionist Swing
General election 1970: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Stanley McMaster 26,778 59.5 +4.8
NI Labour David Bleakley 18,259 40.5 −4.8
Majority 8,519 19.0 +9.6
Turnout 45,037 75.6 +7.4
Registered electors 59,524
Ulster Unionist hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Stanley McMaster 21,283 54.7 −4.1
NI Labour Robert McBirney 17,650 45.3 +8.4
Majority 3,633 9.4 −12.5
Turnout 38,933 68.2 −4.3
Registered electors 57,077
Ulster Unionist hold Swing
General election 1964: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Stanley McMaster 24,804 58.8 −1.3
NI Labour Samuel Watt 15,555 36.9 −0.3
Independent Republican David McConnell 1,827 4.3 New
Majority 9,249 21.9 -1.0
Turnout 42,186 72.5 −18.2
Registered electors 58,196
Ulster Unionist hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Stanley McMaster 26,510 60.1 -2.4
NI Labour James Gardner 16,412 37.2 +7.0
Sinn Féin Barney Boswell 1,204 2.7 -4.6
Majority 9,249 22.9 -9.4
Turnout 44,126 90.7 +20.3
Registered electors 48,663
Ulster Unionist hold Swing
1959 Belfast East by-election[26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Stanley McMaster 19,524 57.8 -4.7
NI Labour James Gardner 14,264 42.2 +12.0
Majority 5,260 15.6 -16.7
Turnout 33,788 57.9 -12.5
Registered electors 58,388
Ulster Unionist hold Swing
General election 1955: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Alan McKibbin 26,938 62.5 +0.8
NI Labour Tom Boyd 13,041 30.2 -8.1
Sinn Féin Liam Mulcahy 3,156 7.3 New
Majority 13,897 32.3 +8.9
Turnout 43,135 70.4 -4.1
Registered electors 61,258
Ulster Unionist hold Swing
General election 1951: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Alan McKibbin 28,881 61.7 -1.6
NI Labour Tom Boyd 17,910 38.3 +1.6
Majority 10,971 23.4 -3.2
Turnout 46,791 74.5 -2.1
Registered electors 62,798
Ulster Unionist hold Swing
General election 1950: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Alan McKibbin 29,844 63.3 +6.9
NI Labour Tom Boyd 17,338 36.7 -6.9
Majority 12,506 26.6 +13.8
Turnout 47,182 76.6 +13.4
Registered electors 61,561
Ulster Unionist hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Thomas Loftus Cole 21,443 56.4 N/A
NI Labour Tom Boyd 17,338 43.6 New
Majority 4,869 12.8 N/A
Turnout 38,017 63.2 N/A
Registered electors 60,175
Ulster Unionist hold Swing N/A
1940 Belfast East by-election[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Henry Harland Unopposed
Registered electors
Ulster Unionist hold

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1935: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Herbert Dixon Unopposed
Registered electors 59,101
Ulster Unionist hold
General election 1931: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Herbert Dixon 28,431 75.1 0.0
NI Labour John Campbell 9,410 24.9 New
Majority 19,021 50.2 0.0
Turnout 37,841 66.2 +0.5
Registered electors 57,166
Ulster Unionist hold Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1929: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Herbert Dixon 27,855 75.1 N/A
Ulster Liberal Denis Ireland 9,230 24.9 New
Majority 18,625 50.2 N/A
Turnout 37,085 65.7 N/A
Registered electors 56,426
Ulster Unionist hold Swing N/A
General election 1924: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Herbert Dixon Unopposed
Registered electors
Ulster Unionist hold
General election 1923: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Herbert Dixon Unopposed
Registered electors
Ulster Unionist hold
General election 1922: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist Herbert Dixon Unopposed
Registered electors
Ulster Unionist win (new seat)

Elections in the 1910s

1914 Belfast East by-election[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Irish Unionist Robert Sharman-Crawford Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
December 1910 general election: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Irish Unionist Robert McMordie Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
January 1910 general election: Belfast East
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold

Elections in the 1900s

1906 general election: Belfast East[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
1900 general election: Belfast East[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold

Elections in the 1890s

1895 general election: Belfast East[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
1892 general election: Belfast East[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff Unopposed
Registered electors
Irish Unionist hold
1892 Belfast East by-election[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Irish Unionist Gustav Wilhelm Wolff 4,746 64.6 -15.7
Ind. Unionist William Thomas Charley 2,607 35.4 New
Majority 2,139 29.2 -31.6
Turnout 7,353 64.8 -7.8
Registered electors 11,339
Irish Unionist hold Swing

Elections in the 1880s

1886 general election: Belfast East[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Irish Unionist Edward de Cobain 5,055 80.3 +35.9
Irish Parliamentary Robert McCalmont 1,239 19.7 New
Majority 3,816 60.6 N/A
Turnout 6,294 72.6 -6.2
Registered electors 8,666
Irish Unionist gain from Ind. Conservative Swing
1885 general election: Belfast East[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ind. Conservative Edward de Cobain 3,033 44.4
Irish Conservative James Corry 2,929 42.9
Liberal Robert Wallace Murray 870 12.7
Majority 104 1.5
Turnout 6,832 78.8
Registered electors 8,666
Ind. Conservative win (new seat)

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Usual Resident Population". Northern Ireland Neighbourhood Information Service. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. Archived from the original on 25 July 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  2. ↑ Sixth Schedule, Boroughs Part III Ireland, "Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, 48 & 49 Vict. C. 23". The public general acts. Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales.
  3. ↑ "Government of Ireland Act 1920: Fifth Schedule". legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  4. ↑ First Schedule, Part IV (Northern Ireland), (b) Borough constituencies, "Representation of the People Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6, Ch. 65)" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  5. ↑ Schedule, Part II (b) Borough constituencies, "The Parliamentary Constituencies (Northern Ireland) Order 1970 (No. 1678)" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 July 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  6. ↑ Schedule, Part II (b) Borough constituencies, "The Parliamentary Constituencies (Northern Ireland) Order 1982 (No. 1838)" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. 22 December 1982. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  7. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (Northern Ireland) Order 1995 (No. 2992)". legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. 23 November 1995. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  8. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (Northern Ireland) Order 2008 (No. 1486)". legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. 11 June 2008. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  9. ↑ "Legislation.gov.uk". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 29 August 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  10. ↑ "Belfast East Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Archived from the original on 20 November 2019. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
  11. ↑ "Election of a Member of Parliament for the BELFAST EAST Constituency - Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll". Electoral Office of Northern Ireland. 11 May 2017. Archived from the original on 16 October 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
  12. ↑ "UK Parliamentary Election Result 2017 - Belfast East". Archived from the original on 13 June 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  13. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  14. ↑ "The Electoral Office of Northern Ireland - EONI". www.eoni.org.uk. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
  15. ↑ "DUP on course to win East Belfast seat back in 2015 Westminster election". Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2019 – via www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk.
  16. ↑ "Tories select Wilson to contest East Belfast seat". NI Conservatives. Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  17. ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  18. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  19. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  20. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  21. ↑ "BBC - Error 404 : Not Found". bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 December 2004. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  22. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  23. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  24. ↑ Results of Byelections in the 1983-87 Parliament Archived 5 April 2018 at the Wayback Machine in the United Kingdom Election Results website Archived 7 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine maintained by David Boothroyd
  25. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  26. ↑ "1959 By Election Results". Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  27. ↑ Craig, F. W. S. (1983) [1969]. British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3rd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 564. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
  28. ↑ Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885–1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.
  29. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Walker, B.M., ed. (1978). Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801-1922. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. p. 329. ISBN 0901714127.

Further reading

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