Bohuslav Hostinský
Born( 1884 -12-05)December 5, 1884
New Town, Prague
 Austria-Hungary[1]
DiedApril 12, 1951(1951-04-12) (aged 66)
Brno
 Czechoslovakia
Alma materCharles University
Scientific career
InstitutionsMasaryk University

Bohuslav Hostinský (1884–1951) was a Czechoslovak mathematician and theoretical physicist.

Family

His father Otakar Hostinský was a musicologist and professor of aesthetics at Charles University. Bohuslav Hostinský was the eldest of four siblings.[2]

He married Emilie Veselíková (1883–?) in Královské Vinohrady on July 19, 1910.[3] According to the police archive, they lived in Královské Vinohrady.[4] They had two children, the daughter Věra and the son Zdeněk, later well-known chess player and a professor of Brno University of Technology


Studies

After graduating from secondary school, Bohuslav Hostinský studied mathematics and physics at the Faculty of Arts of Prague's Charles University. There in 1907 he received his doctorate[5] with a dissertation on Lie spherical geometry[6] and in the same year he became an adjunct professor at the gymnázium (Gymnasium) in Nový Bydžov, from where in April 1908 he transferred to the gymnázium in Roudnice and eventually to Prague's Reálné gymnázium v Kodaňské.[5] For the academic year 1908–1909 he studied at the Sorbonne in Paris; his time there profoundly influenced his research.

Career

In November 1911 he passed the formal examination for the acceptance of his habilitation thesis at Charles University; the examination committee included Karel Petr, Jan Sobotka, and Vincenc Strouhal.[7]

On the 9th of August 1920 Hostinský was appointed a full professor of theoretical physics at the Faculty of Science in Brno's Masaryk University, as well as director of the department. He worked there until his death.

Bohuslav Hostinský focused, at the beginning of his career, on differential geometry and then focused on mathematical physics. His research deals with the kinetic theory of gases, probability theory, statistical mechanics, and oscillation theory. He studied the works of the Russian mathematician A. A. Markov and drew attention to them. Hostinský's work on transition probabilities and Markov chains was then further developed by many foreign experts. Laurent Mazliak gave an analysis of the letters exchanged between Hostinský and Wolfgang Doeblin.[7]

In a note submitted to the Paris Academy of Sciences in 1928, Hostinský introduced an elementary version of the ergodic theorem for a Markov chain with continuous state [Hostinský 1928]. Hostinský's work on this topic came before the spectacular development of the 1930s at the hands of Andrei N. Kolmogorov and others. Upon reading Hostinský's article, Jacques Hadamard plunged into probability for the first and only time of his life, a period referred to as his "ergodic spring" which ended at the Bologna ICM in September 1928 where Hadamard gave a talk on the ergodic principle [Bru 2003, pp. 158–159]. Between February and June 1928, Hostinský and Hadamard exchanged many letters, published several notes responding to one another, and also met during Hadamardřs journey to Czechoslovakia in May. From this moment, Hostinský acquired real international prestige, and in the 1930s, his little school in Brno became an active research center on Markovian phenomena.[8]

Bohuslav Hostinský was four times an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians — in Cambridge, England in 1912,[9] in Strasbourg in 1920,[10] in Bologna in 1928,[11] and in Zurich in 1932.[12] He published about 140 papers and several monographs.

From the establishment of the Faculty of Science in Masaryk University until 1948 (with an interruption from 1934 to 1939), he was the editor of the Spisů (research journal) published by this faculty. He was several times dean of the Faculty of Science and from 1929 to 1930 rector. He was a member of many scientific societies and in 1933 he was elected a member extraordinarius of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. He actively participated in the activities of the Brno chapter of the Union of Czech mathematicians and physicists; in the difficult years from 1942 to 1945 he was the chair of the Brno chapter.

Selected publications

Articles

Monographs and books

  • Hostinský, Bohuslav (1915). Diferenciální geometrie křivek a ploch. Knihovna spisů matematických a fysikálních. V Praze : Nákladem Jednoty českých mathematiků a fysiků. (Differential geometry of curves and surfaces)
  • Hostinský, B. (1924). Mechanika tuhých těles. Knihovna spisů matematických a fyzikálních, JČMF. (Mechanics of rigid bodies)
  • Hostinský, Bohuslav (1926). Sur les probabilités géométriques. Publications de la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université Masaryk; 26 pages{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)[13]
  • with Vito Volterra: Opérations infinitésimales linéaires. Paris: Gauthier-Villars. 1938.[14]

References

  1. ↑ Matriční záznam o narození a křtu farnosti při kostele sv.Štěpána na Novém Městě pražském
  2. ↑ Národní archiv, Policejní ředitelství I, konskripce, karton 198, obraz 460
  3. ↑ Matrika oddaných, sv. Ludmila, 1909-1911, snímek 310
  4. ↑ Národní archiv, Policejní ředitelství I, konskripce, karton 198, obraz 459
  5. 1 2 Internetová encyklopedie dějin Brna: prof. PhDr. Bohuslav Hostinský. kal, 25. 7. 2016. [cit. 2017-08-06] Dostupné z WWW.
  6. ↑ Mazliak, Laurent; Šišma, Pavel (2014). "The Moravian crossroads. Mathematics and mathematicians in Brno between German traditions and Czech hopes". arXiv:1005.0825 [math.HO]. See p. 2.
  7. 1 2 Mazliak, Laurent (2007). "On the exchanges between W. Doeblin and B. Hostinský" (PDF). Revue d'Histoire des Mathématiques. 13 (2): 155–180.
  8. ↑ Mazliak, Laurent; Sisma, Pavel (2010). "The Moravian crossroads. Mathematics and mathematicians in Brno between German traditions and Czech hopes". p. 22. arXiv:1005.0825 [math.HO].
  9. ↑ Hostinský, B. "Sur les Hessiennes successives d'une courbe de troisième degré". In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Mathematicians (Cambridge, 22–28 August 1912). Vol. 1. pp. 103–105.
  10. ↑ "Propriétés de la sphère qui touche quatre plans tangents consécutifs d'une surface développable par B. Hostinsky". Compte rendu du Congrès international des mathématiciens tenu à Strasbourg du 22 au 30 Septembre 1920. ICM proceedings. University of Toronto Press. 1921. pp. 437–440.
  11. ↑ Hostinský, B. (1929). "Sur les probabilités des effets qui dépendent d'une suite de transformations successives prises au hasard". In: Atti del Congresso Internazionale dei Matematici: Bologna del 3 al 10 de settembre di 1928. Vol. 6. pp. 61–62.
  12. ↑ "Hostinsky, Bohuslav". ICM Plenary and Invited Speakers, International Mathematical Union.
  13. ↑ "Brief review of Sur les Probabilités Géométriques par B. Hostinsky". The Mathematical Gazette. 13 (184): 213. October 1926. doi:10.2307/3602878. JSTOR 3602878.
  14. ↑ Birkhoff, Garrett (1938). "Book Review: Opérations Infinitésimales Linéaires". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 44 (11): 759–762. doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1938-06869-3.
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