Calochortus persistens

Imperiled  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae
Genus: Calochortus
Species:
C. persistens
Binomial name
Calochortus persistens

Calochortus persistens is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the lily family known by the common name Siskiyou mariposa lily.[1][2] It is native to northern California and southern Oregon.[3]

Calochortus persistens grows at about nine sites scattered on the Gunsight-Humbug Ridge in Siskiyou County, California; in several locations on Cottonwood Peak and Little Cottonwood Peak, also in Siskiyou County;[4] and in one population of just a few individuals on Bald Mountain near Ashland in Jackson County, Oregon,[5][6]

Calochortus persistens grows on rocky slopes in acidic soils and talus. This is a perennial herb producing an unbranching stem around 10 centimeters tall. There is generally one basal leaf about 20 centimeters long which persists in flowering, and one smaller leaf higher up on the stem. The inflorescence is a pair of erect, bell-shaped flowers with pinkish-purple sepals and petals 3.5 to 4 centimeter in length. The petals have bright yellow hairs near the bases. The fruit is a winged capsule about a centimeter long.[3]

Threats to this rare species include invasive species, wildfire suppression, and construction and maintenance of roads and radio towers. The non-native noxious weed dyer's woad (Isatis tinctoria) directly competes with the mariposa lily by monopolizing water and nutrients and producing allelopathic substances which inhibit its germination.[5] Fire suppression efforts at the California sites have resulted in overgrowth of native trees and shrubs such as Oregon-grape (Mahonia aquifolium) and curl-leaf mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius), which shade out small wildflowers such as mariposa lilies.[5]

References

  1. ↑ Ownbey, Francis Marion. 1940. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 27(4): 448–450 description in Latin and English, commentary in English
  2. ↑ Ownbey, Francis Marion. 1940. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 27(4): 448–450 line drawings of Calochortus persistens (figures 1-2 at lower left
  3. 1 2 Flora of North America, Calochortus persistens
  4. ↑ "Conservation Agreement between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Forest Service and U.S. Bureau of Land Management for Calochortus persistens (Siskiyou mariposa lily)" (PDF). 2012.
  5. 1 2 3 USFWS. (2007). Species Assessment and Listing Priority Assignment Form
  6. ↑ Calflora taxon report, University of California @ Berkeley, Calochortus persistens Ownbey Siskiyou mariposa lily
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