Candida catenulata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Saccharomycetes
Order: Saccharomycetales
Family: Saccharomycetaceae
Genus: Candida
Species:
C. catenulata
Binomial name
Candida catenulata
Diddens & Lodder

Candida catenulata is a yeast-form fungus in the phylum Ascomycota. It is distributed globally and commonly found on the skin of humans and animals, in soil, and in dairy products.

Taxonomy

C. catenulata is a species originally assigned to the genus Candida. To be a species in the genus Candida implies a close relatedness to the type species Candida tropicalis, but it was found through tRNA, rRNA, and other phylogenetic analysis that C. catenulata is not closely related to C. tropicalis. As such, C. catenulata has been reclassified into a new genus, Diutina, as Diutina catenulata.[1][2] This change also affected the family classification as Diutina is in the family Debaryomycetaceae/Metschnikowiaceae while the original genus Candida belongs to the family Saccaromycetaceae. Its membership to phylum Ascomycota, class Saccharomycetes, and order Saccharomycetales have remained unchanged.

Morphology

C. catenulata is capable of living both as a yeast or as a pseudomycelium composed of pseudohyphae and capsule-shaped cells with dimensions of 1-2 micrometers by 5-7 micrometers.[3]

Ecology

Candida catenulata is a skin and gut microbiome component of humans and animals,[4] soil microbiome fungi, dairy product contaminant, and occasional opportunistic fungal pathogen. In the soil C. catenulata is most strongly associated with the necrobiome soil community. In soils surrounding cadavers, C. catenulata populations have been observed in experiments to grow to compose a significant portion of these soil communities over time.[5] In cases of C. catenulata operating as an opportunistic pathogen it is most common that infections manifest as some type of superficial skin infection. In a rare case a 42-year-old woman in Strasbourg, France was found to be invasively infected by Candida catenulata after blood cultures were prepared upon her re-admittance to a hospital post cancer treatment. This is the only recorded case of invasive infection by C. catenulata.[3]

Bioremediation

In a lab setting when supplied with food waste and composting, diesel fuel-inoculated colonies of C. catenulata were observed to degrade approximately 80% of petroleum hydrocarbons present in their environment. In un-inoculated colonies 48% hydrocarbon degradation was observed. Both of these results indicate C. catenulata is a promising species for use in bioremediation efforts of oil contaminated environments.[6]

References

  1. ↑ O’Brien, Caoimhe E.; McCarthy, Charley G. P.; Walshe, Annie E.; Shaw, Dennis R.; Sumski, Deirdre A.; Krassowski, Tadeusz; Fitzpatrick, David A.; Butler, Geraldine (2018-06-26). "Genome analysis of the yeast Diutina catenulata, a member of the Debaryomycetaceae/Metschnikowiaceae (CTG-Ser) clade". PLOS ONE. 13 (6): e0198957. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1398957O. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198957. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 6019693. PMID 29944657.
  2. ↑ Khunnamwong, Pannida; Lertwattanasakul, Noppon; Jindamorakot, Sasitorn; Limtong, Savitree; Lachance, Marc-AndréYR 2015 (2015). "Description of Diutina gen. nov., Diutina siamensis, f.a. sp. nov., and reassignment of Candida catenulata, Candida mesorugosa, Candida neorugosa, Candida pseudorugosa, Candida ranongensis, Candida rugosa and Candida scorzettiae to the genus Diutina". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 65 (Pt_12): 4701–4709. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.000634. ISSN 1466-5034. PMID 26410375.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. 1 2 Radosavljevic, Mirjana; Koenig, Hélène; Letscher-Bru, Valérie; Waller, Jocelyn; Maloisel, Fréderic; Lioure, Bruno; Herbrecht, Raoul (February 1999). "Candida catenulata Fungemia in a Cancer Patient". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 37 (2): 475–477. doi:10.1128/JCM.37.2.475-477.1999. ISSN 0095-1137. PMC 84348. PMID 9889248.
  4. ↑ Sokół, Ireneusz; Gaweł, Andrzej; Bobrek, Kamila (2018). "The Prevalence of Yeast and Characteristics of the Isolates from the Digestive Tract of Clinically Healthy Turkeys". Avian Diseases. 62 (3): 286–290. doi:10.1637/11780-121117-Reg.1. ISSN 0005-2086. JSTOR 26537548. PMID 30339508. S2CID 53009410.
  5. ↑ Fu, Xiaoliang; Guo, Juanjuan; Finkelbergs, Dmitrijs; He, Jing; Zha, Lagabaiyila; Guo, Yadong; Cai, Jifeng (2019). "Fungal succession during mammalian cadaver decomposition and potential forensic implications". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 12907. Bibcode:2019NatSR...912907F. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49361-0. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6733900. PMID 31501472.
  6. ↑ Joo, Hung-Soo; Ndegwa, Pius M.; Shoda, Makoto; Phae, Chae-Gun (2008-12-01). "Bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil using Candida catenulata and food waste". Environmental Pollution. 156 (3): 891–896. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.026. ISSN 0269-7491. PMID 18620787.
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