Cesar Sciammarella
Born (1924-08-22) August 22, 1924
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Alma materUniversity of Buenos Aires
Illinois Institute of Technology
OccupationScientist
Known forExperimental Mechanics
Holographic interferometry
Moire deflectometry
TitleEmeritus Professor, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology
SpouseEsther Sciammarella
ChildrenEduardo Sciammarella Federico Sciammarella
WebsiteGeneral Stress Optics

Cesar Augusto Sciammarella (born August 22, 1924) is an Argentine civil engineer who made significant contributions to the field of experimental mechanics.[1] In the last decade, he has extended his pioneering developments in moiré,[2] holography, and speckle interferometry[3] methodologies down to the nanometer level.[4] These efforts have enabled optics to be applied beyond the classical Rayleigh limit, reaching the nanometer range.

His research is widely used for 3D reconstruction and stress and strain analysis. In his Doctoral Thesis on the moiré method, he extended the Continuum Mechanics model originally developed by Dantu to large deformations. He developed fundamental equations on the properties of moiré fringes and sign conventions. This was an analysis of a non-elastic problem with the moiré method. Dr Sciammarella generalised the methods that measure displacements using Fourier analysis in the process of formation of the fringe images. He proved formally that the orders could be represented by real numbers instead of integers.[5] In 1966, he presented a full model of the moiré fringes as phase modulated signals and provided a method to get displacements and strains for moiré and photo-elastic fringes. He introduced in the literature the Fourier method as a tool for fringe pattern analysis. His model is still used as a standard model in the fringe analysis method.[6]

Education

Cesar Sciammarella received his diploma in Civil Engineering from the University of Buenos Aires in July 1950. After graduation, he worked as a professional engineer in different industries, including the Director of the Materials Testing Laboratories in the Metallurgy and Materials Division of the Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina. Later, he was invited by Dr A.J. Durelli to come to the US to get a PhD degree. He received his PhD from the Illinois Institute of Technology in June 1960. Upon graduation, he returned to the Argentine Atomic Energy Commission.

Biography, professional life and work

From 1952–57, Cesar was Professor of Physics at Argentine Army Engineering School. This was a period in Argentina under the democratically-elected Juan Domingo Perón. The coup that brought down Perón's difficult republic was aided by officers from Argentine Army Engineering School. Although Cesar was not involved in the coup, he was detained and tortured during the uprising. Peron's government fell two weeks after his detention and he was able to escape. He spent several months fighting pneumonia caused by his detention.

Since 1962, he worked as an Associate professor at the University of Florida, Gainesville, where he researched the moiré method and the Fourier method to analyze the contours and deformations of bodies. In 1967, he became professor at the Department of Aerospace and Applied Mechanics, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. During this period, Sciammarella pioneered digital analysis of moiré fringes with the use of computers.[7] In 1985, he further developed this methodology by putting together an optics and computer system for fringe pattern analysis.[8] Later, he published a series of papers answering how far it is possible to recover fringe order information utilizing computer analysis. This work culminated in the paper Heisenberg Principle Applied to the Analysis of Speckle Interferometry Fringes. [9]

Since 2005, Dr. Sciammarella, with his co-workers, succeeded in overcoming the Rayleigh limit. In recent work, measurements in the far field have been carried out in nano-crystals and nano-spheres with accuracies on the order of ±3.3 nm.[10][11]

In 2012, Cesar Sciammarella and his son Dr. Federico Sciammarella co-authored Experimental Mechanics of Solids, a comprehensive textbook of the techniques used in experimental mechanics.[12]

Professional positions

Research, teaching positions

  • 1972–2008 Professor, Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Director of the Experimental Stress Analysis Laboratory
  • 2003–2008 Professor, Politechnico di Bari Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Gestionale, Bari, Italy.
  • 1991–1999 Non-Resident Professor, University degli Studi, Nuoro, Italy
  • 1967–1972 Professor, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, Department of Aerospace, Applied Mechanics
  • 1961–1967 Professor, University of Florida, Department of Mechanics
  • 1956–1957 Professor, University of Buenos Aires, School of Engineering, Department of Physics
  • 1952–1957 Professor of Physics, Argentine Army Engineering School

Visiting positions

  • Polytechnic Institute of Milano, Milano, Italy, 1972, 1976.
  • University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy, 1979.
  • Polytechnic Institute of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 1979.
  • University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France, 1980.
  • Polytechnic Institute of Bari, Bari, Italy, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2003 to 2008.

Honors and awards

  • 2013. Honorary Member, In recognition of his eminent position in Experimental Mechanics, SEM.[13]
  • 2011. Fylde Electronics Prize, BSSM. Best paper published in the Journal Strain in 2010.
  • 2011 P.S. Theocaris award in recognition of pioneering efforts in Optical Methods SEM.[14]
  • 2001. Elected to deliver the 2001 Murray lecture, Society for Experimental Mechanics.[15]
  • 2000. Nominated Life Honorary Member of Italian Association of Stress Analysis.
  • 1999. Prize for the paper entitled “Holographic Interferometry Applied to the Solution of a shell problem” has been selected, by the International Society for Optical Engineering to be included in a volume of the SPIE Milestone Series of Selected Papers in the field of Holography.
  • 1998. Special award for Services to the Society for Experimental Mechanics.
  • 1998. Paper entitled “Holographic Moiré, an Optical Tool for the Determination of Displacements, Strains, Contours and Slope of Surfaces”, has been selected, by the International Society for Optical Engineering to be included in a volume of the SPIE Milestone Series of Selected Papers in the field of Holography.
  • 1997. Nominated Life Fellow of the Society of Mechanical Engineers.
  • 1991. Lazan Award, for outstanding original contributions in Experimental Mechanics, Society for Experimental Mechanics.[16]
  • 1982. Fellow, Society for Experimental Mechanics.[17]
  • 1982. Hetenyi Award for the best paper in Experimental Mechanics, Holographic Moiré in Real Time, Society for Experimental Mechanics.[18]
  • 1980. Frocht Award, which recognizes outstanding educators in the field of experimental mechanics, Society for Experimental Stress Analysis.[19]
  • 1972. Award for distinguished services to the Applied Mechanics Reviews, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
  • 1970. Academy of Mechanics, Special volume 1970, “Moiré Holographic Technique for Three-Dimensional Stress Analysis,” selected as one of the outstanding papers published in the area of mechanics by resident authors in the Americas.
  • 1966. Sigma Xi Faculty Research Award for Achievements in the Field of Engineering, (Florida Chapter).

References

  1. ↑ Optical Methods for Experimental Solid Mechanics. in Honor of Professor Cesar A. Sciammarella
  2. ↑ Sciammarella, Cesar (1982). The moiré method—A review, Experimental Mechanics, Volume 22, Issue 11, p. 418-433.
  3. ↑ Sciammarella, Cesar (2002). Optics and Lasers in Engineering 40, Heisenberg principle applied to the analysis of speckle interferometry fringes
  4. ↑ Sciammarella, Cesar (2007). Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures, Observation of Fundamental Variables of Optical Techniques in the Nanometric Range, p. 363-364.
  5. ↑ Basic Optical Law in the Interpretation of the Moiré Patterns Applied to the Analysis of Strains. Experimental Mechanics, 1965.
  6. ↑ Substantial Improvements in the Processing of Moiré Data by Optical and Digital Filtering”, Proceedings of the Third International Congress of Experimental Stress Analysis, West Berlin, March 1966, VDI Berichte, N 102, 1966.
  7. ↑ C. Sciammarella, Automatic Data Retrieval and Data Processing Applied to fringe patterns utilized in experimental stress analysis”, presented in the seminar-in-depth pattern recognition studies, U.S.A. Army Material Command, Pattern Recognition Society, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, June 9–10, 1969, Published in the Seminar proceedings.
  8. ↑ C. Sciammarella, An Optoelectronic System for Fringe Pattern Analysis. Proceedings of the 1985 SEM Spring Conference on Experimental Mechanics, June 1985.
  9. ↑ Heisenberg Principle Applied to the Analysis of Speckle Interferometry Fringes. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 2003.
  10. ↑ The equivalent of Fourier Holography at the nano-scale, Experimental Mechanics, 2008
  11. ↑ “Experimental mechanics at the nanometric level”. Strain, 43, 1-19, 2008
  12. ↑ Sciammarella, Cesar A., and F. M. Sciammarella. Experimental Mechanics of Solids. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K.: Wiley, 2012. Print.
  13. ↑ "Society for Experimental Mechanics". sem.org. Retrieved 2021-12-21.
  14. ↑ "Society for Experimental Mechanics". sem.org. Retrieved 2021-12-21.
  15. ↑ "Society for Experimental Mechanics". sem.org. Retrieved 2021-12-21.
  16. ↑ "Society for Experimental Mechanics". sem.org. Retrieved 2021-12-21.
  17. ↑ "Society for Experimental Mechanics". sem.org. Retrieved 2021-12-21.
  18. ↑ "Society for Experimental Mechanics". sem.org. Retrieved 2021-12-21.
  19. ↑ "Society for Experimental Mechanics". sem.org. Retrieved 2021-12-21.
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