Christianity is one of the religions in Tripura, a state in North East India. According to the Indian Census 2011, the population of Christians in Tripura is 159,882 or 4.35% of the total population. Christians are mostly found among the indigenous communities of the state such as the Tripuri, Lushai, Kuki, Darlong, Halam etc. Among the Scheduled Tribes of the state Christians share is 13.12% of the population.[1]
History
The beginning of the Christian faith in Tripura dates back many centuries. Fr. Ignatius Gomes, a Jesuit priest made the first reference to the Christians of Mariamnagar in Agartala when he visited them in 1683. Fr. P. Barbe, the Pastor of Chittagong, visited Tripura in 1843. Holy Cross pioneering missionaries Fr. Louis Augustine Verite and Fr. Beboit Adolphe Mercier visited Agartala in 1856 and administered sacraments to the Christians in Mariamnagar Village. But it was only from 1937 that priests began to take permanent residence at Mariamnagar.
The Tripura Baptist Christian Union was formed under the leadership of Rev. M.J. Eade in December 1938 in Lakshmilunga, a village six miles from Agartala. The Baptist Mission Compound at Arundhutinagar, Agartala was also established in the year 1938 under an official land grant by the then King of Tripura Kingdom Maharaja Bir Bikram Kishore Manikya to the missionaries from New Zealand Baptist Missionary Society (NZBMS).[2]
The first Roman Catholic Parish in Tripura was erected at Mariamnagar in 1939. The first permanent Church (at present the temporary Cathedral) was blessed in 1952. Because of its geographical proximity, the Archdiocese of Dhaka continued to cater to the spiritual needs of the Catholics in Tripura till the erection of the new Ecclesiastical Unit in 1952, namely, the Prefecture of Haflong. In 1969, the Prefecture was upgraded to the position of a Diocese and Most Rev. Denzil D'Souza, DD, was the first Bishop of Silchar. At that time the Diocese comprised the States of Mizoram and Tripura and the District of Cachar in Assam. On 11 January 1996, Pope John Paul II decreed the erection of the Diocese of Agartala. The new Diocese of Agartala, comprising the entire State of Tripura was bifurcated from the erstwhile Diocese of Silchar. Most Rev. Lumen Monteiro, CSC, DD, was appointed the first Bishop of the new Diocese. He was ordained and installed on 26 May 1996.[3]
Denominations
The major denominations of Christianity present in the state are the Baptist, Presbyterian Church of India (PCI) and the Roman Catholic Churches. There are also many churches of the Believers' Church, Assembly of God, Evangelical and Christian Churches in the state. and also Christian Revival Church.
Statistics
| Denomination | Churches | Members |
|---|---|---|
| Tripura Baptist Christian Union (TBCU) | 943[4] | 84,795[5] |
| Roman Catholic Church | 110 | 49,000[6] |
| Tripura Presbyterian Church Synod (PCI) | 325 | 22,277[7][8] |
| Believers Church | 500 | 20,000 |
| Independent Church of India (ICI) | 44 | 5,000 |
| Total | 1,922 | 181,072 |
Demographics
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 138 | — |
| 1911 | 138 | +0.0% |
| 1921 | 1,860 | +1247.8% |
| 1931 | 2,596 | +39.6% |
| 1941 | 328 | −87.4% |
| 1951 | 5,262 | +1504.3% |
| 1961 | 10,039 | +90.8% |
| 1971 | 15,713 | +56.5% |
| 1981 | 24,872 | +58.3% |
| 1991 | 46,472 | +86.8% |
| 2001 | 102,489 | +120.5% |
| 2011 | 159,882 | +56.0% |
| Source: census of India | ||
Trends
Percentage of Christians in Tripura by decades[10]
| Year | Percent | Increase |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 0.08% | - |
| 1911 | 0.06% | -0.02% |
| 1921 | 0.61% |
+0.55% |
| 1931 | 0.68% |
+0.07% |
| 1941 | 0.06% | -0.62% |
| 1951 | 0.82% |
+0.76% |
| 1961 | 0.88% | +0.02% |
| 1971 | 1.01% | +0.13% |
| 1981 | 1.21% | +0.20% |
| 1991 | 1.69% | +0.48% |
| 2001 | 3.20% | +1.51% |
| 2011 | 4.35% | +1.15% |
Tribes
Percentage of Christians in the Scheduled Tribes[11]
| Tribe | Christians | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| Tripuri | 51,753 | 8.74% |
| Riang | 32,509 | 17.27% |
| Halam | 27,025 | 47.24% |
| Kuki | 9,784 | 89.23% |
| Garo | 8,370 | 64.62% |
| Jamatia | 7,465 | 8.96% |
| Lushai | 5,253 | 97.57% |
| Uchoi | 1,778 | 72.66% |
| Munda | 605 | 4.16% |
| Chakma | 295 | 0.37% |
| Mag | 139 | 0.37% |
| Noatia | 122 | 0.86% |
| Khasi | 115 | 67.49% |
Major churches
- Agartala Baptist Church, first church in Agartala city.
- Jangalia Baptist Church, largest Baptist church in the state.
- Mariamnagar Catholic Parish, oldest Christian community in the state
- Zion Baptist Church established in 1983
- Birchandra Baptist Church (KBPC)
- Khumulwng Baptist Church
See also
References
- ↑ blog.cpsindia.org/2016/09/religion-data-of-census-2011-xxix.html
- ↑ Debbarma, Sukhendu (1996). Origin and Growth of Christianity in Tripura: With Special Reference to the ... - Sukhendu Debbarma - Google Books. ISBN 9788173870385. Retrieved 16 December 2013.
- ↑ "Diocese of Agartala". Agartaladiocese.org. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2013.
- ↑ "baptistworld.org>tripura-baptist-christian-union". Archived from the original on 26 November 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
- ↑ "Baptist World Alliance - Statistics". bwanet.org. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
- ↑ agartaladiocese.org<about
- ↑ "page 30" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
- ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ ww.cpsindia.org › The Christianisation of the Northeast - Centre for Policy Studies
- ↑ ww.cpsindia.org › The Christianisation of the Northeast - Centre for Policy Studies
- ↑ blog.cpsindia.org/2016/09/religion-data-of-census-2011-xxix.html
Bibliography
- Debbarma, Sukhendu (1996) Origin and Growth of Christianity in Tripura: With Special Reference to the New Zealand Baptist Missionary Society, 1938-1988, Indus Publishing, New Delhi. ISBN 81-7387-038-1
- Borok Baptist Convention, Rangchak Mukumu, 2010
- Jain, Sandhya (2010). Evangelical intrusions: [Tripura, a case study]. New Delhi: Rupa & Co.