Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours
LocationMagny-Cours, France
Time zoneCET (UTC+1)
CEST (DST)
Coordinates46°51′48″N 03°09′48″E / 46.86333°N 3.16333°E / 46.86333; 3.16333
Capacity139,112
FIA Grade1
OwnerConseil Départemental de la Nièvre (1986–present)
Opened7 August 1960 (1960-08-07)
Former namesCircuit Jean Behra (1960–1970)
Major eventsCurrent:
World SBK
(1991, 2003–present)
GT World Challenge Europe (2020–2022, 2024)
FFSA GT (1997–present)
Former:
Formula One
French Grand Prix (1991–2008)
WTCC
Race of France (2005–2006)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
French motorcycle Grand Prix (1992)
Bol d'Or (2000–2014)
International GT Open
(2006–2011)
World Sportscar Championship (1991–1992)
FIA GT (2000–2005)
Superleague Formula
(2009–2010)
Websitehttp://www.magnyf1.com/
Grand Prix Circuit (2003–present)
Length4.411 km (2.741 miles)
Turns17
Race lap record1:15.377 (Michael Schumacher, Ferrari F2004, 2004, F1)
National Circuit (2003–present)
Length2.684 km (1.668 miles)
Turns12
Club Circuit (1992–present)
Length1.727 km (1.073 miles)
Turns11
Grand Prix Circuit (1992–2002)
Length4.250 km (2.641 miles)
Turns15
Race lap record1:15.045 (David Coulthard, McLaren MP4-17, 2002, F1)
Grand Prix Circuit (1989–1991)
Length4.271 km (2.654 miles)
Turns17
Race lap record1:19.168 (Nigel Mansell, Williams FW14, 1991, F1)
Full Circuit (1971–1988)
Length3.850 km (2.391 miles)
Turns14
Race lap record1:20.200 (Jacques Laffite, Martini MK16, 1975, F2)
Original Circuit (1960–1988)
Length1.995 km (1.240 miles)
Turns5
Race lap record0:47.900 (Paul Hawkins, Lola T70 Mk.IIIB GT, 1969, Group 4)

Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours is a 4.411 km (2.741 mi) motor racing circuit located in central France, near the towns of Magny-Cours and Nevers, some 250 km (160 mi) from Paris and 240 km (150 mi) from Lyon.[1]

It staged the Formula One French Grand Prix from 1991 (succeeding Circuit Paul Ricard) to 2008, and the 24-hour Bol d'Or motorcycle endurance events from 2000 to 2014 (succeeded by Circuit Paul Ricard). It hosted the French motorcycle Grand Prix in 1992, and the Superbike World Championship in 1991 and annually since 2003.

Magny-Cours has hosted several additional international championships, like the World Sportscar Championship, World Touring Car Championship, FIA GT Championship, World Series by Renault and Formula 3 Euroseries. Also, the FFSA GT Championship has visited the circuit since 1997.

A campus of the French engineering college Institut supérieur de l'automobile et des transports is also located on the circuit, as well as the museum Conservatoire de la monoplace française.

History

The original circuit layout (1960–1970), on these times the circuit was called as 'Jean Behra Circuit'.

Commonly dubbed Magny-Cours, it was built in 1960 by Jean Bernigaud and was home to the prestigious Winfield racing school (École de Pilotage Winfield), which produced drivers such as François Cevert, Jacques Laffite and Didier Pironi. The circuit was opened in 7 August 1960.[2] However, in the 1980s the track fell into disrepair and was not used for international motor racing until it was purchased by the Conseil Départemental de la Nièvre in 1986.[2]

In the 1990s, the Ligier Formula One team and its successor Prost were based at the circuit and did much of their testing at Magny-Cours.

The circuit hosted the French Formula One Grand Prix from 1991 until 2008, and the Bol d'Or from 2000 until 2014.

The circuit was re-designed in 2003 and used for a wide range of events include various sports and commercial use.[1] For the 2003 French Grand Prix, the final corner and chicane were changed in an effort to increase overtaking, with little effect.[2]

Michael Schumacher was able to win the 2004 French Grand Prix using an unprecedented four-stop strategy.

In 2006, Michael Schumacher became the first driver ever to win any single Formula One Grand Prix a total of 8 times and at the same circuit.

Bernie Ecclestone originally confirmed that F1 would not return to Magny-Cours in 2008, instead moving to an alternative location possibly in Paris. However in a striking U-turn, it was revealed that the 2008 French Grand Prix would take place at Magny-Cours with the release of the official calendar in July 2007.[3]

In May 2008, Ecclestone confirmed that Magny-Cours would stop hosting the French Grand Prix after the 2008 race, suggesting that he was looking into the possibility of hosting the French Grand Prix on the streets of Paris.[4] The venue suffered from poor attendances due to its remote location, poor access and insufficient accommodation.[5]

In June 2008, the provisional calendar for the 2009 season was released, and a French Grand Prix at Magny-Cours appeared on it, scheduled for 28 June. However, in October 2008 the 2009 French Grand Prix was cancelled after the French Motorsports Federation (FFSA) withdrew financing for the event. In 2009 the track hosted its first Superleague Formula event. It also hosted a second event in 2010.[6]

The circuit was used as part of stage three of the 2014 Paris–Nice cycling race,[7] with the peloton completing almost a full lap of the circuit – in the reverse direction to its motorsport use – before the finish on the front straight.

The circuit

The circuit features several high-speed chicanes with prominent kerbs, such as the Imola chicane. (Mark Webber pictured driving for Williams).
Main straight.

The track nowadays is a smooth circuit with good facilities for the teams, although restricted access prevents spectators from reaching many parts of the circuit. Unusually, many corners are modelled on famous turns from other circuits, and are named after those circuits, i.e.. the fast Estoril corner (turn 3), the Adelaide hairpin (turn 5) and the Nürburgring and Imola chicanes (turns 7 and 12 respectively). It has a mix of slow hairpins and high-speed chicane sections which includes a long fast straight into the first-gear Adelaide hairpin, the best overtaking opportunity on the circuit.[1] The circuit is very flat with negligible change in elevation (only a small valley at the Estoril corner and a slight hill near the Lycee corner).

The circuit provides few overtaking opportunities, despite modifications in 2003, which means the races here are commonly regarded as quite uneventful.[8] Formula 1 races at Magny-Cours tend to have a processional nature, with most overtaking occurring during pit stop sequences.

More varied racing occurs when it rains, such as in the 1999 race, which was interrupted by a downpour. After a restart, most top contenders developed problems, which paved the way for Heinz-Harald Frentzen to claim a surprising victory in his Jordan.

Although the Bol d'Or 24-hour motorcycle endurance race was held at Magny-Cours for several years, it returned to the more popular Circuit Paul Ricard in 2015, which held the mentioned race before Magny-Cours.

Events

Current
Former

Lap records

The official lap record for the current Grand Prix circuit layout is 1:15.377, set by Michael Schumacher during the 2004 French Grand Prix, while the unofficial all-time track record is 1:13.698, set by Fernando Alonso in the qualifying of aforementioned race.[9] As of September 2023, the fastest official race lap records at the Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours are listed as:

CategoryTimeDriverVehicleEventCircuit Map
Grand Prix Circuit: 4.412 km (2003–present)[9]
Formula One1:15.377Germany Michael SchumacherFerrari F20042004 French Grand Prix
GP21:23.405Spain Roldán RodríguezDallara GP2/052007 Magny-Cours GP2 Series round
Superleague Formula1:26.722Netherlands Yelmer BuurmanPanoz DP092010 Magny-Cours Superleague Formula round
Formula Renault 3.51:27.543[10]Portugal Filipe AlbuquerqueDallara T052007 Magny-Cours Formula Renault 3.5 Series round
F30001:28.172[11]Italy Fabrizio CrestaniLola B02/502009 Magny-Cours Euroseries 3000 round
F2 (2009–2012)1:32.085[12]Spain Miki MonrásWilliams JPH12011 Magny-Cours F2 round
LMP31:32.476[13]France Alessandro GhirettiLigier JS P32020 2nd Magny-Cours Ultimate Cup Series round
Formula Three1:32.972[14]Switzerland Sébastien BuemiDallara F3052007 Magny-Cours F3 Euro Series round
Formula Regional1:33.943[15]Argentina Franco ColapintoTatuus FR-192020 Magny-Cours Formula Renault Eurocup round
World SBK1:36.084[16]Spain Álvaro BautistaDucati Panigale V4 R2023 Magny-Cours World SBK round
GT31:36.215[17]France Emmanuel CollardMercedes-AMG GT3 Evo2022 Magny-Cours Ultimate Cup Series round
LMPC1:36.529[18]Austria Dominik Kraihamer[19]Oreca FLM092009 Magny-Cours Formula Le Mans Cup round
GT1 (GTS)1:38.625[20]Italy Matteo BobbiFerrari 550-GTS Maranello2003 FIA GT Magny-Cours 500km
Formula Renault 2.01:38.769[21]United Kingdom Luciano BachetaBarazi-Epsilon FR2.0-102010 Magny-Cours Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 round
Porsche Carrera Cup1:39.505[22]France Dorian BoccolacciPorsche 911 (992) GT3 Cup2021 Magny-Cours Porsche Carrera Cup France round
Formula 41:39.820[23]Australia Hugh BarterMygale M14-F42021 2nd Magny-Cours French Formula 4 round
World SSP1:40.520[24]France Valentin DebiseYamaha YZF-R62023 Magny-Cours World SSP round
GT21:40.534[25]Italy Gianluca Roda[26]Porsche 911 (997) GT3-RSR2009 Magny-Cours GT Open round
N-GT1:42.916[27]Germany Lucas LuhrPorsche 911 (996) GT3-RSR2004 FIA GT Magny-Cours 500km
Lamborghini Super Trofeo1:44.117[28]Netherlands Max WeeringLamborghini Huracán LP 620-2 Super Trofeo EVO2019 Magny-Cours Supercar Challenge round
FIA GT Group 21:44.920[29]United Kingdom Shaun BalfeMosler MT900R2005 FIA GT Magny-Cours Supercar 500
GT41:45.569[30]France Anthony BeltoiseAudi R8 LMS GT4 Evo2021 Magny-Cours French GT4 round
Eurocup Mégane Trophy1:45.627[31]Netherlands Nicky CatsburgRenault Mégane Renault Sport II2010 Magny-Cours Eurocup Mégane Trophy round
Alpine Elf Europa Cup1:46.953[32]France Jean-Baptiste MelaAlpine A110 Cup2021 Magny-Cours Alpine Elf Europa Cup round
Silhouette racing car1:47.656[33]France Éric HélaryPeugeot 406 Coupé2003 Magny-Cours French Supertouring round
TCR Touring Car1:47.997[28]Netherlands Stan Van Oord Jr.[34]SEAT Cupra León TCR2019 Magny-Cours Supercar Challenge round
Super 20001:50.192[35]United Kingdom Andy PriaulxBMW 320i2004 Magny-Cours ETCC round
Supersport 3001:52.209[36]Italy Matteo VannucciYamaha YZF-R32022 Magny-Cours Supersport 300 round
Renault Clio Cup1:56.806[37]France Jeremy SarhyRenault Clio R.S. IV2017 Magny-Cours Renault Clio Cup France round
Super 16002:04.461[38]Czech Republic Tomáš KorenýFord Fiesta 1.6 16V2016 Magny-Cours ETC round
Grand Prix Circuit: 4.250 km (1992–2002)[9]
Formula One1:15.045United Kingdom David CoulthardMcLaren MP4-172002 French Grand Prix
Group C1:20.346[39]France Yannick DalmasPeugeot 905 Evo 1 Bis1992 500 km of Magny-Cours
F30001:27.802[40]Czech Republic Tomas EngeLola B02/502002 Magny-Cours F3000 round
LMP9001:29.780[41]Netherlands Val HillebrandDome S1012002 FIA Sportscar Championship Magny-Cours
Formula Three1:32.098[42]Japan Ryo FukudaDallara F3992001 2nd Magny-Cours French F3 round
Group C21:34.879[39]Italy Ranieri RandaccioSpice SE90C1992 500 km of Magny-Cours
Class 1 Touring Cars1:34.918[43]Italy Giancarlo FisichellaAlfa Romeo 155 V6 TI1996 Magny-Cours ITC round
GT1 (GTS)1:35.313[44]United Kingdom Jamie Campbell-WalterLister Storm2002 FIA GT Magny-Cours 500km
LMP6751:35.812[41]Italy Massimo SaccomannoLucchini SR2-992002 FIA Sportscar Championship Magny-Cours
Formula Renault 2.01:37.203[45]France Simon PagenaudTatuus FR20002002 Magny-Cours French Formula Renault round
500cc1:39.273Australia Wayne GardnerYamaha YZR5001992 French motorcycle Grand Prix
250cc1:41.418Italy Loris ReggianiAprilia RSV 2501992 French motorcycle Grand Prix
N-GT1:41.441[46]France Christophe BouchutPorsche 911 (996) GT3-R2000 FIA GT Magny-Cours 500km
Silhouette racing car1:43.851[47]France Christophe BouchutSEAT León Silhouette2002 Magny-Cours French Supertouring round
Super Touring1:44.332[48]Italy Gabriele TarquiniHonda Accord2001 Magny-Cours ESTC round
Porsche Carrera Cup1:45.871[49]Monaco Stéphane OrtelliPorsche 911 (996) GT3 Cup2000 Magny-Cours Porsche Supercup round
125cc1:46.674Italy Ezio GianolaHonda RS125R1992 French motorcycle Grand Prix
Super 20001:47.908[50]Italy Nicola LariniHonda Accord2002 Magny-Cours ETCC round
Grand Prix Circuit: 4.271 km (1989–1991)[9]
Formula One1:19.168United Kingdom Nigel MansellWilliams FW141991 French Grand Prix
Group C1:25.823[51]France Philippe AlliotPeugeot 905 Evo 1 Bis1991 430 km of Magny-Cours
Formula Three1:36.210[52]France Ludovic FaureRalt RT351991 1st Magny-Cours French F3 round
World SBK1:44.980[53]United States Doug PolenDucati 888 SBK1991 Magny-Cours World SBK round
Full Circuit: 3.850 km (1971–1988)[9]
Formula Two1:20.200[54]France Jacques LaffiteMartini MK161975 Grand Prix de Magny-Cours
Formula Three1:23.170[55]Denmark John NielsenRalt RT31984 Magny-Cours European F3 round
Group 61:23.669[56]France Dominique LacaudLola T2981984 Magny-Cours French Group 6 race
Original Circuit: 1.995 km (1960–1988)[9]
Group 40:47.900[57]Australia Paul HawkinsLola T70 Mk.IIIB GT1969 Magny-Cours Group 4 race
Formula Three0:49.000[58]France Patrick DepaillerAlpine A3301969 2nd Magny-Cours French F3 round

Weather and climate

The Nevers area has an oceanic climate that is still influenced by its far inland position. With a yearly precipitation of over 800 mm (31 in) on average, Magny-Cours is theoretically prone to rain affecting proceedings, although in the Formula One era, it often evaded the rainfall. There was one notable exception, when both the qualifying and the race of 1999 saw a fully wet track. With the Grand Prix being held in the middle of summer, tyre wear through high asphalt temperatures was possible. Magny-Cours' main event post-Grand Prix era, Superbike World Championship is being held in autumn and as a result sees colder temperatures.

Climate data for Nevers (1981–2010 averages)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.2
(63.0)		 23.5
(74.3)		 26.7
(80.1)		 30.0
(86.0)		 31.0
(87.8)		 37.5
(99.5)		 38.7
(101.7)		 39.2
(102.6)		 35.1
(95.2)		 30.2
(86.4)		 23.5
(74.3)		 19.5
(67.1)		 39.2
(102.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 6.7
(44.1)		 8.3
(46.9)		 12.4
(54.3)		 15.4
(59.7)		 19.4
(66.9)		 22.8
(73.0)		 25.5
(77.9)		 25.2
(77.4)		 21.4
(70.5)		 16.7
(62.1)		 10.5
(50.9)		 7.1
(44.8)		 16.0
(60.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 0.2
(32.4)		 −0.1
(31.8)		 1.8
(35.2)		 3.9
(39.0)		 7.9
(46.2)		 10.9
(51.6)		 12.8
(55.0)		 12.3
(54.1)		 9.1
(48.4)		 7.0
(44.6)		 2.8
(37.0)		 0.8
(33.4)		 5.8
(42.4)
Record low °C (°F) −25
(−13)		 −21.8
(−7.2)		 −13.8
(7.2)		 −7.5
(18.5)		 −4.8
(23.4)		 0.2
(32.4)		 3.4
(38.1)		 0.3
(32.5)		 −1.2
(29.8)		 −8.9
(16.0)		 −12.3
(9.9)		 −16.8
(1.8)		 −21.8
(−7.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 62.0
(2.44)		 57.8
(2.28)		 54.3
(2.14)		 68.7
(2.70)		 80.1
(3.15)		 70.1
(2.76)		 61.8
(2.43)		 60.9
(2.40)		 67.5
(2.66)		 77.6
(3.06)		 70.1
(2.76)		 73.2
(2.88)		 804.1
(31.66)
Average precipitation days 12.0 10.0 10.3 10.7 11.5 8.8 8.3 8.3 8.4 11.0 11.6 11.7 122.7
Average relative humidity (%) 87 82 78 74 77 76 74 77 80 85 87 87 80.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 65.5 85.6 147.7 170.3 197.9 223.2 235.0 227.5 180.0 121.0 65.4 54.9 1,774
Source 1: Météo France[59][60]
Source 2: Infoclimat.fr (humidity, 1961–1990)[61]

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Magny-Cours". race-game.org. 2006. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
  2. 1 2 3 "History of the Circuit". Archived from the original on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  3. ↑ "FIA reveals 18-race calendar for 2008". formula1.com. 2007-07-27. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-07-27.
  4. ↑ "Motor racing-No 2009 French GP at Magny-Cours, says Ecclestone". uk.reuters.com. 2008-05-12. Archived from the original on 2008-07-19. Retrieved 2008-05-25.
  5. ↑ "Ecclestone: No more races at Magny-Cours". autosport.com. 2008-05-12. Archived from the original on 2015-07-14. Retrieved 2015-09-07.
  6. ↑ "12 races on the 2010 Superleague Formula by Sonangol schedule". Archived from the original on 2010-01-15. Retrieved 2010-01-12.
  7. ↑ "Stage 3: Toucy to Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours". Paris–Nice. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  8. ↑ "French Grand Prix". bbc.co.uk. 29 June 2007. Archived from the original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2009.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Magny-Cours - Motorsport Magazine". Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  10. ↑ "2007 Formula Renault 3.5 Series Magny-Cours Race 2 Statistics". Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  11. ↑ "2009 Magny-Cours Euroseries 3000". Archived from the original on 15 June 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  12. ↑ "2011 F2 Round 4 Results". Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  13. ↑ "Ultimate Cup Series Magny-Cours 16-18 Octobre 2020 Challenge Proto / Challenge CN 4H Endurance Final Classification". 17 October 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  14. ↑ "2007 F3 Euro Series Magny-Cours Race 2 Statistics". Archived from the original on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  15. ↑ "2020 Formula Renault 2.0 Euro Magny-Cours Race 1 Statistics". Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  16. ↑ "World SBK 2023 Pirelli French Round, 8-10 September 2023 Results Tissot Superpole Race" (PDF). World Superbike. Dorna. 10 September 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
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  26. ↑ "International GT Open - Super GT 2009 standings". Retrieved 3 January 2023.
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  28. 1 2 "Benelux Magny-Cours 2019". Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  29. ↑ "FIA GT Championship Magny-Cours 2005". Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  30. ↑ "Fanatec GTWC pwrd by AWS Sprint Cup round 2 Championnat de France FFSA GT Race 1 Magny-Cours" (PDF). 8 May 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
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  32. ↑ "2021 Alpine Elf Europa Cup Race 1 Magny-Cours" (PDF). 7 May 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  33. ↑ "2003 French Supertourisme Championship Round 7: Magny-Cours, 25th-26th October Race 1". Retrieved 13 January 2023.
  34. ↑ "Magny-Cours Cups 2019 >> Supercar + GTPrototype Challenge Laptimes - Race 2" (PDF). 21 April 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  35. ↑ "ETCC 2004 » Magny-Cours Grand Prix Round 6 Results". Archived from the original on 27 April 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  36. ↑ "Supersport 300 Pirelli French Round, 9-11 September 2022 Results Race 1" (PDF). World Superbike. Dorna. 10 September 2022. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
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  38. ↑ "ETC Cup 2016 » Magny-Cours Grand Prix Round 10 Results". Retrieved 17 December 2022.
  39. 1 2 "500 km Magny-Cours 1992". Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  40. ↑ "2002 F3000 International Championship Magny-Cours Race Statistics". Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  41. 1 2 "FIA Sportscar Championship Magny-Cours 2002". Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  42. ↑ "2001 Magny-Cours French F3 - Round 11". Archived from the original on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  43. ↑ "ITC 1996 » Magny-Cours Grand Prix Round 18 Results". Archived from the original on 14 May 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  44. ↑ "FIA GT Championship Magny-Cours 2002". Archived from the original on 2022-01-04. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  45. ↑ "2002 French Formula Renault Round 8: Magny Cours, 20th October Race Result". Retrieved 13 January 2023.
  46. ↑ "FIA GT Championship Magny-Cours 2000". Archived from the original on 2021-09-08. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  47. ↑ "2001 French Super Touring Championship Magny-Cours - 13th-14th October, Round 9 Race 2: 14 laps". Retrieved 13 January 2023.
  48. ↑ "European Super Touring Championship 2001 » Magny-Cours Grand Prix Round 5 Results". Archived from the original on 27 April 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  49. ↑ "Porsche Supercup 2000 Round 6: Magny-Cours, 2nd July". Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  50. ↑ "ETCC 2002 » Magny-Cours Grand Prix Round 2 Results". Archived from the original on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  51. ↑ "Sportscar World Championship Magny-Cours 1991". Archived from the original on 2021-11-22. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  52. ↑ "1991 Magny-Cours French F3 - Round 3". Archived from the original on 14 May 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  53. ↑ "1991 Magny-Cours World SBK Race 2 Statistics". Archived from the original on 5 June 2022. Retrieved 5 June 2022.
  54. ↑ "1975 Magny-Cours F2". Archived from the original on 14 May 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  55. ↑ "1984 Magny-Cours European F3". Archived from the original on 14 May 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  56. ↑ "French Gr.6 Magny-Cours 1984". Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  57. ↑ "Magny-Cours 1969". Archived from the original on 2022-05-14. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  58. ↑ "VIII Critérium de Magny-Cours". Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  59. ↑ "Données climatiques de la station de Nevers" (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original on May 28, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  60. ↑ "Climat Bourgogne" (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original on December 11, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  61. ↑ "Normes et records 1961-1990: Nevers-Marzy (58) - altitude 175m" (in French). Infoclimat. Archived from the original on December 27, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
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