History
United Kingdom
NameClarendon
Launched1788, France
Acquired1804 by purchase of a prize
Captured1805
General characteristics
Tons burthen412[1] (bm)
Complement50[1]
Armament22 × 9&18-pounder cannons[1]

Clarendon was launched in France in 1788, under another name. She was taken in prize in 1804. In 1805, Clarendon began a voyage as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people but fell prey to Spanish privateers after she had embarked slaves.

Career

Clarendon first appeared in Lloyd's Register in 1805.[2]

Year Master Owner Trade Source
1805 J.Drew W.Grice Brocklebank LR; large repair 1804

Captain William Grice acquired a letter of marque on 7 January 1805.[1] He sailed from Liverpool on 23 January. He acquired slaves at the Congo River and Cabinda.[3]

Fate

In December 1805, Lloyd's List reported that Clarendon, William, Mills, master, and Rebecca, Thompson, master, had been captured at Angola on 1 September.[4] They were among the seven vessels off the Congo River that had fallen prey to a privateer.[lower-alpha 1] The privateer was described as being of 22 guns and 350 men. Clarendon's captor sent her to the River Plate.[5]

A second report named the captors as L'Orient, of 14 guns, and Dromedario, of 22 guns. The captured vessels arrived in the River Plate before 12 November.[6] Clarendon arrived at Montevideo on 27 October 1805, with 232 slaves.[3]

Spanish records report that in June 1805, Viceroy Sobremonte, of Argentina, issued two letters of marque, one for Dolores (24 guns), Currand, master, and Berro y Errasquin, owner, and one for Dromedario (20 guns), Hippolito Mordel, master, and Canuerso y Masini, owner. The two sailed for the African coast, looking to capture enslaving ships. In three months of cruising Dolores captured three ships and one brig, carrying a total 600 enslaved people. Dromedario captured five ships, carrying a total of 500 enslaved people.[7]

In 1805, 30 British slave ships were lost. Thirteen were lost on the coast of Africa.[8] During the period 1793 to 1807, war, rather than maritime hazards or slave resistance, was the greatest cause of vessel losses among British slave vessels.[9]

Notes

  1. ↑ Among the other vessels were Elizabeth, Nelly, and Active.

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Letter of Marque, p.56 – Retrieved 25 July 2017" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  2. ↑ LR (1805), Seq.no.C879.
  3. 1 2 Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Clarendon voyage #80844.
  4. ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 4282. 24 December 1805. hdl:2027/uc1.c2735022.
  5. ↑ "LIVERPOOL, DEC. 26". 28 December 1805, Lancaster Gazetter (Lancaster, England), Volume: 5, Issue: 237.
  6. ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 4294. 4 February 1806. hdl:2027/mdp.39015005721496.
  7. ↑ Anon. (1864), p. 19.
  8. ↑ Inikori (1996), p. 62.
  9. ↑ Inikori (1996), p. 58.

References

  • Anon. (1864). "History of the Argentine Republic: First English invasions, 1804–1806". River Plate Magazine. Buenos Aires Typographical Society. 2: 17–21.
  • Inikori, Joseph (1996). "Measuring the unmeasured hazards of the Atlantic slave trade: Documents relating to the British trade". Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer. 83 (312): 53–92. doi:10.3406/outre.1996.3457.
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