| Coatzospan Mixtec | |
|---|---|
| (San Juan Coatzóspam) | |
| Native to | Mexico |
| Region | Oaxaca |
Native speakers | 2,100 (2000)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | miz |
| Glottolog | coat1241 |
| ELP | Northern Alta Mixtec (shared) |
Coatzospan Mixtec (Coatzóspam Mixtec) is a Mixtec language of Oaxaca spoken in the town of San Juan Coatzospan.
Phonology
Consonants in parentheses are marginal.
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | labial | |||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | |||||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | (p) | t | ts | tʲ ~ tʃ | k | kʷ | |
| prenasal | (ᵐb) | ⁿd | (ⁿdz) | (ⁿdʲ ~ ⁿdʒ) | (ᵑɡ) | (ᵑɡʷ) | ||
| Fricative | β | ð (ðʲ) | (s) | ʃ | ||||
| Liquid | l (r) | |||||||
In women's speech, /t/ is realized as [tʃ] before front vowels.
Vowel qualities are /a ɨ e i o u/. Vowels may be oral or nasal, creaky or modal, long or short: e.g. /kɨ̰̃ː/ "to go". /o/ is apparently never contrastively nasalized, though it may be phonetically nasalized due to assimilation with a nasal vowel in a following syllable, and morphologically nasalized for the second-person familiar (e.g. /kḭʃi/ 'to come', /kḭʃĩ/ 'you will come'). The preceding vowel nasalizes only if the intervening consonant is voiced, or in some words /ʃ/. Nonetheless, even voiceless fricatives and affricates are phonetically nasalized in such environments: [β̃, ð̃, ts̃, ʃ̃]; the nasalization is visible in the flaring of the nostrils.
The first vowel of a disyllable is creaky if the second consonant is voiceless (except for /ʃ/); only when C2 is voiced or /ʃ/ can there be a contrast between creaky and modal vowels in V1. The irregular behavior /ʃ/ is apparently due to it deriving from proto-Mixtec from both voiceless velar */x/ and voiced */j/ ("*y"). It is words in which /ʃ/ derives from *j that allow V1 to be nasalized or contrastively modally voiced.
Tones are ...
References
- ↑ Coatzospan Mixtec at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ↑ Gerfen 2001
- Gerfen, Chip. 1999. Phonology and Phonetics in Coatzospan Mixtec (Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 48). Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V.
- Gerfen, Chip (2001). "Nasalized Fricatives in Coatzospan Mixtec". International Journal of American Linguistics. 67 (4): 449–466. doi:10.1086/466471. JSTOR 1265756. S2CID 144266099.
- Pike, Eunice V. & Priscilla C. Small. 1974. Downstepping terrace tone in Coatzospan Mixtec. In Ruth M. Brend (ed.), Advances in tagmemics (North-Holland Linguistic Series 9), 105-34. Amsterdam: North-Holland.