Consort Kanghuishu, of the Abaga Borjigit clan (康惠淑妃 博爾濟吉特氏; 1606 – June/July 1667), was a consort of Hong Taiji. Her personal name was Batmadzoo (巴特瑪璪).

Life

Family background

Consort Kanghuishu was a member of Abaga Borjigit clan (阿霸垓博爾濟吉特氏)

  • Father: Bodisai Chuhur (博迪塞楚祜爾), a tabunang of Abaga (塔布囊)[1]

Life before entering imperial household

Batmadzoo was born in 1606 in Abaga, Southern Mongolia. There is no information when did she marry Ligdan Khan of Chahar. After the marriage, Batmadzoo was bestowed a title of Consort Doutumen (竇土門福晉), indicating she had been taken by Doutumen pass (竇土蠻萬戶). Ligdan Khan died in 1634 on his expedition to Qinghai.[2] Batmazoo is alleged to have had a daughter with Ligdan Khan, named Shuchai (淑儕), who married Dorgon in 1640.[3] However, imperial genealogy does not confirm that fact, stating that Dorgon's secondary consort was Lady Gongjit of Chahar.[4]

Life in the Qing dynasty imperial court

During Chongde era

In September 1634, Batmadzoo was escorted to Hong Taiji's camp by her servant Duonikuleke (多尼庫勒克).[5] Batmadzoo was accompanied by Ligdan Khan's aunt during the audience with Hong Taiji. After carrying out ritual bows, women were invited to the banket and granted sacrificial lambs and cows.[6] Hong Taiji suggested Batmazao accompanying him, which meant emperor's desire to marry her. As there was no precedent that Manchu emperor had married widowed consort of Mongol khan, Daišan recommended Hong Taiji bestowing Batmadzoo a title of consort.[7] Actually, Hong Taiji's foreign policy strategy involved marriage with 1 empress and two consorts from the ethnical minorities, which complied also with strategies of Mongol tribes. Batmazoo was one of the women selected as Hong Taiji's consorts.[8]

Upon transition from Later Jin to Qing in 1636, Hong Taiji granted Batmazoo a title of secondary consort (側福晉) which was translated into Chinese as Consort Shu (淑妃). Batmazoo's residence in Mukden became Palace of Overflowing with Joy (衍慶宮; manchu: urgun i booi).[9]

During Shunzhi era

In 1644, the capital city was officially moved to Beijing. In 1652, Shunzhi Emperor upgraded Batmazoo's title to Consort Kanghuishu (康惠淑妃, meaning: healthy, kind and virtuous).[10] All palaces in the Forbidden City, including Cining palace, Yongqing palace and Yanxi palace, were renovated and redeveloped with addition of interconnectors, wells, fish ponds, terraces and walls, costing 194261 taels of silver. Yongqing palace was made a residence of Consort Kanghuishu, while Yanxi palace was given to Noble Consort Yijing in August 1652. Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang resided in Cining palace, a traditional and ceremonial residence of Empresses Dowager during the Ming dynasty.[11]

During Kangxi era

In 1663, Consort Kanghuishu presented her marriage gifts to Princess Roujia of the Second Rank on the occasion of her marriage to Geng Juzhong together with Grand Empress Dowager Zhaosheng and Empress Dowager Renxian, who favored their adopted daughter.[12] During the dispute whether gifts from consorts dowagers and imperial children could be submitted to Ministry of Internal Affairs head eunuch of Cining palace announced that Consort Kanghuishu had vomited. As Grand Empress Dowager attended the banquet outwards the Yongqing palace, her personal housemaid and head eunuch called a doctor to treat the consort. That accident turned to be a symptom of a serious illness Batmazoo was suffering from. Consort Kanghuishu died in June 1667 and was given a funeral befitting dowager imperial consort.[13]

Titles

During the reign of Ligdan Khan

  • Consort Doutumen (竇土門福晉) - until 1634

During the Qing dynasty

During Chongde era

  • Consort Shu of Yanqing Palace (衍慶宮淑妃) - from 1636
  • Secondary consort of Yanqing Palace (東衍慶宮側福晉; dergi urgun i booi ashan fujin) - from 1636; held complementary with Chinese version

During Shunzhi era

  • Consort Kanghuishu (康惠淑妃) - from 1652

References

  1. ↑ Yang/楊, Nannan/楠楠 (2014). 23个皇室离奇之说. Gold wall press.
  2. ↑ 《清史稿 卷二 本紀二》/ "Draft history of Qing". Vol. 2.
  3. ↑ "Mongol women of Hong Taiji". 2016-03-04. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 2022-07-23.
  4. ↑ 玉碟.
  5. ↑ Hu, Xiaoping (2020). Truths in Red Chamber Dream (红楼梦真义）. p. 24.
  6. ↑ 《清初內國史院滿文檔案譯編》.
  7. ↑ 這些皇帝很母湯：貓奴、染髮、春藥成癮、木工高手、暴虐屁孩皇帝……超狂私生活無極限！.
  8. ↑ Deng / 鄧, Yongfei / 永飛 (2018). 微歷史：清朝其實很有趣 / Humble history: Qing dynasty is really interesting. 海鴿文化出版圖書有限公司. p. 38.
  9. ↑ Lan/蘭, Boning/泊寧 (2015). 大清十三钗/ 13 beauties of Great Qing. Beijing Book Co. Inc.
  10. ↑ Veritable records of Founding Ancestor. Vol. 69.
  11. ↑ 尚書孫塔題為奉諭皇太后移宮事.
  12. ↑ Xu/徐, Guangyuan/廣源. 大清后妃寫真 / Truth about Qing dynasty imperial consorts.
  13. ↑ Liu/劉, Xiaomeng/小萌 (2020). 清史、满族史论集. Beijing Book Co. Inc.
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