Hop bitter-pea
Daviesia latifolia in Mount Buffalo National Park
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Daviesia
Species:
D. latifolia
Binomial name
Daviesia latifolia
Occurrence data from the Atlas of Living Australia[2]

Daviesia latifolia, commonly known as hop bitter-pea,[3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a slender, erect, spreading shrub with elliptic, egg-shaped or lance-shaped phyllodes and orange-yellow and maroon flowers in long racemes.

Description

Daviesia latifolia is a slender, erect shrub that typically grows to 1–5 m (3 ft 3 in – 16 ft 5 in) high and 1.0–1.5 m (3 ft 3 in – 4 ft 11 in) wide and has arching, glabrous branches. Adult phyllodes are elliptic to egg-shaped or lance-shaped, 20–150 mm (0.79–5.91 in) long and 5–70 mm (0.20–2.76 in) wide on a petiole-like base 3–20 mm (0.12–0.79 in) long. The phyllodes are wavy with scalloped edges and have prominent veins. Juvenile phyllodes are slightly broader.[3][4][5][6][7]

The flowers are borne in leaf axils along up to three racemes, the peduncle 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in) long, the rachis 25–80 mm (0.98–3.15 in) long, each flower on a pedicel 1.5–4 mm (0.059–0.157 in) long. The sepals are 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) long and joined at the base, the upper two joined for most of their length and the lower three triangular and 0.5–1 mm (0.020–0.039 in) long. The standard petal is broadly egg-shaped, 6–9 mm (0.24–0.35 in) long and orange-yellow and maroon with a yellow centre, the wings 5.5–8 mm (0.22–0.31 in) long and yellow and maroon, and the keel 4.5–5.5 mm (0.18–0.22 in) long and maroon. Flowering occurs from September to December and the fruit is triangular pod 6.5–11 mm (0.26–0.43 in) long.[3][4][5][7]

Taxonomy

Daviesia latifolia was first formally described in 1811 by Robert Brown in Aiton's Hortus Kewensis.[8][9] The specific epithet (latifolia) means "broad-leaved".[10]

Distribution and habitat

Hop bitter-pea grows in forest, often as an understorey plant and occurs at altitudes up to 1,800 m (5,900 ft), from the Granite Belt of south-eastern Queensland, through the tablelands, western slopes and south coast of New South Wales, to most of Victoria apart, from the north west of the state. It is also common in dry woodlands in Tasmania.[3][4][5][7][11][12]

Ecology

This daviesia provides nectar for a range of insects and native birds.[12]

Uses

Use in horticulture

The species is useful as an ornamental, as a windbreak and in nitrogen-fixing. It prefers well-drained soil in full sun and is frost tolerant.[12]

Other uses

The stems and phyllodes can be used with alum to produce a fawn dye used as a mordant. The phyllodes also have reputed medicinal properties, and were also substituted as hops to flavour beer.[12] Early European settlers used the leaves as a drug to expel intestinal worms, including hydatid cysts, and also as tonic.[12]

References

  1. ↑ "Daviesia latifolia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  2. ↑ "Daviesia latifolia". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Crisp, Michael D.; Cayzer, Lindy; Chandler, Gregory T.; Cook, Lyn G. (2017). "A monograph of Daviesia (Mirbelieae, Faboideae, Fabaceae)". Phytotaxa. 300 (1): 123–125. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.300.1.1.
  4. 1 2 3 Jeanes, Jeff A.; Stajsic, Val. "Daviesia latifolia". Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 Crisp, Michael D. "Daviesia latifolia". Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  6. ↑ "Daviesia latifolia". keys.lucidcentral.org. Retrieved 2020-03-28.
  7. 1 2 3 Whiting, Jenny; Roberts, Jill; Reeves, Ricky; Tayler, Frank; Tayler, Verity; Howells, Christine; Clark, Alan; Clark, Heather (2012). Tasmania's natural flora (Second ed.). Australian Plants Society Tasmania, Hobart Group. ISBN 9780909830663.
  8. ↑ "Daviesia latifolia". APNI. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  9. ↑ Aiton, William (1811). Hortus Kewensis (Second ed.). London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown. pp. 20–21. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  10. ↑ Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 236. ISBN 9780958034180.
  11. ↑ Jordan, Greg. "Daviesia latifolia". University of Tasmania. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 Unknown. "Daviesia latifolia". science.csu.edu.au. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
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