Floating Rook
position after 11 moves
☖ pieces in hand: –
987654321 
香桂銀金王 銀桂香1
 飛    金角 2
歩 歩歩歩歩歩歩歩3
        4
 歩      5
       飛 6
歩歩歩歩歩歩歩 歩7
 角金      8
香桂銀 玉金銀桂香9
☗ pieces in hand: 歩
6. R-26

In shogi, Floating Rook (浮き飛車 ukibisha) is a variation of the Double Wing Attack (相掛かり aigakari) opening in which Black's rook falls back to rank 6 (R-26) aiming to protect this rank and prevent White from exchanging pawns on the eighth file to get a pawn in hand.

The translated term floating is synonymous with the term hanging as in hanging piece used in western chess where floating means a piece that is not defended by another piece.

From this position, there are numerous subvariants.

Development

6. R-26. Floating Rook.

6. ...72 or 6. ...62. White has two options regarding their right silver: it could advance either to the seventh file or the sixth file.[1][2] The seventh file (S-72) option is more common and has become the standard move in Double Wing Attack while the sixth file option is an older move according to professional player Kiyokazu Katsumata (勝又清和).[3]

6. ...72. Moving the silver up to the seventh file allows White the following possibilities:

(i) to play a faster Climbing Silver advancing directly through the eighth file
(ii) to keep an opening for the king to escape (if necessary) through a K-62 – K-72 path
(iii) allows the silver to protect the 83 square from Black's pawn drop on 83 or dangling pawn drop on 84 should White's rook move off of the eighth file
(iv) prevent Black's rook from capturing the silver (if moved instead to 6. ...62) in a Tsukada Special type of attack

However, this gives up defending 53 with the silver and moving to the central file via that square.

6. ...62. Moving the silver to the sixth file allows White the following possibilities:

(i) to immediately protect the pawn resting on 53
(ii) to eventually move their silver to the 53 square

However, the silver on 62 and the gold on 61 may form a wall blocking the king from escaping toward the right side of White's board if under attack. White can still attempt a Climbing Silver strategy although it will be a slower Oblique Climbing Silver strategy since White must move a pawn out of the way first.

Both moves allow for a Reclining Silver positioning of the silver on 54.

After move 22, Floating Rook Double Wing Attack branches off into several different substrategies, which are detailed below.

Sickle and Chain Silver

Sickle and Chain Silver or Chained Sickle Silver (鎖鎌銀 or くさり鎌銀 kusari gama gin)

Reclining Silver

In order to play (Double or Mutual) Reclining Silver or Sitting Silver, Black must advance their right silver to the 56 square through 47 while White advances their silver to 54 through 63.[4][5]

Since a pawn is blocking the path of the silver, it must be pushed forward first. White usually makes this pawn push (on the sixth file) earlier than Black's pawn push on the fourth file.

13. ...P-34. White activates their bishop by opening the bishop diagonal. It's possible that opening the diagonal could have been done sooner before moving the silvers and edge pawns.

Clanging Silvers

Clanging Silvers (ガッチャン銀 gatchan gin)

Nakahara Floating Rook

Nakahara Double Wing Attack (中原流相掛かり nakahara-ryū aigakari) is a Floating Rook variant has Black advancing the third file pawn.

This allows a space on the 37 square for either the silver or the knight to move to.

White responds by activating their bishop.

These strategies are named after Makoto Nakahara.

Nakahara Silver-37

Nakahara Silver-37
until move 30
☖ pieces in hand: 歩歩
987654321 
香桂 王 銀桂香1
    金 金角 2
歩 歩銀歩歩 歩 3
 飛 歩    歩4
      歩  5
  歩  銀 飛歩6
歩歩 歩歩歩   7
 角金      8
香桂銀 玉金 桂香9
☗ pieces in hand: 歩
15. ...G-52

Nakahara's silver variant starts with a silver advanced on the third file.

White likewise advances their silver.

Black then aims for an attack on the third file.

Nakahara Knight-37

Nakahara's knight variant moves the knight to 37 instead of the silver.

Tsukada Special

Tsukada Special
☖ pieces in hand: 歩
987654321 
香桂 金王 銀桂香1
  銀   金角 2
歩 歩 歩歩歩歩 3
   歩   歩歩4
         5
 飛歩    飛歩6
歩  歩歩歩歩  7
 角金   銀  8
香桂銀 玉金 桂香9
☗ pieces in hand: 歩

Tsukada Special (塚田スペシャル) is a Floating Rook variant of the Double Wing Attack opening developed by professional Yasuaki Tsukada.

Rook on Pawn

Rook on Pawn (タテ歩取り or 縦歩取り tatefudori) is a subclass of Floating Rook openings in which the Floating Rook player moves their rook to the third file aiming to capture their opponent's pawn used to open their bishop diagonal at the 34 square.[6][7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Hosking 1996, p. 105, Part II, Chapter 2: Floating rook (ukibisha): Introduction.
  2. ↑ Hosking 1996, p. 117–122, Part II, Chapter 2: Floating rook: Section 5: Tsukada Special.
  3. ↑ Quest of the Lost Systems 1995, ("Tsukata Special: Wondrous new discovery").
  4. ↑ Aono 1983, p. 51–100, Wing Attack, Reclining Silver.
  5. ↑ Hosking 1996, p. 108–112, Floating Rook section 1: Clanging Silvers & section 2: versus Centre Vanguard Pawn.
  6. ↑ Fairbairn 1986, p. 64–65, Chapter 10: Opening patterns.
  7. ↑ Hosking 1996, p. 106, Part II, Chapter 2: Floating rook (ukibisha): Introduction.

Bibliography

  • Aono, Teruichi (2009) [1983]. Better moves for better shogi. Translated by Fairbairn, John (2nd ed.). Ishi Press. ISBN 978-4-87187-999-6.
  • Aono, Teruichi (1983). Guide to shogi openings: Unlock the secrets of joseki 将棋定跡のカギ: 和英 定跡問題集. Translated by Fairbairn, John. 山海堂. ISBN 4-381-00598-8.
  • Fairbairn, John (1986). Shogi for beginners (2nd ed.). Ishi Press. ISBN 978-4-8718-720-10.
  • Hosking, Tony (1996). The art of shogi. The Shogi Foundation. ISBN 978-0-95310-890-9.
  • Kitao, Madoka (2011). Joseki at a glance. Translated by Kawasaki, Tomohide. Nekomado. ISBN 978-4-9052-2501-0.
  • "kieta senpō no nazo" 消えた戦法の謎 [Quest of the lost systems]. Shogi.Net. Mainichi Communications Co. 1995. · Partial translation of 消えた戦法の謎 kieta senpō no nazo by Kiyokazu Katsumata.
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