Eliza Ellen Leonard
BornNovember 16, 1866
Kossuth County, Iowa, US
DiedOctober 17, 1924
Beijing, China
Occupation(s)Physician, medical missionary, medical school dean

Eliza Ellen Leonard (November 16, 1866 – October 17, 1924) was an American physician, Presbyterian medical missionary, and college dean. Based in Peking, she was Dean of the North China Union Medical College for Women from 1915 until just before her death in 1924.

Early life

Eliza Ellen Leonard was born in Kossuth County, Iowa,[1] and raised in Fairfield, Iowa, the daughter of William Patterson Leonard and Catherine Ashton Barr Leonard.[2] She graduated from Parsons College in 1888, and earned a medical degree at the University of Michigan in 1895.[3][4]

Career

Eliza Ellen Leonard, from her 1918 U.S. passport application

Leonard taught school for a few years between college and medical school.[2] In 1895, Leonard was commissioned as a medical missionary, and sent to the North China Mission, under the care of the Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. Board of Foreign Missions.[1] She was sponsored by the Women's Synodical Mission Society in Seattle. She survived the Boxer Rebellion violence in the city in 1900,[5][6] though she was reported killed or "probably slain" in some American newspapers.[7][8]

Leonard helped build and lead the Douw Hospital for Women,[9] and the Union Training School for Nurses. "Nurses' work used to be looked upon as menial service by educated young women," she wrote in 1912, "but that day is fast going by."[10] She became dean of the North China Union Medical College for Women[11] when it was founded, and moved with the school to Jinan.[3][4] She was vice-president of the Peking Missionary Association in 1922.[11]

Leonard took furloughs home to the United States in 1902,[12] 1912[13] and in 1918,[14] and lectured on her work to women's groups and church groups. Sometimes she wore "a full Manchu dress" with headdress and shoes, when addressing American audiences.[13] In 1919, she attended the annual meeting of the American Medical Association in Atlantic City, New Jersey.[15]

Leonard resigned as the first Dean of Women in 1924 due to illness.[16] She was the first Dean of what became Cheeloo University.

Personal life

Leonard died in Peking in 1924, aged 57 years, after several years with cancer.[3][4]

References

  1. 1 2 Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. Board of Foreign Missions (1925). Annual Report of the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church of the United States of America. p. 23.
  2. 1 2 "Iowa Missionary's Letter". Evening Times-Republican. 1900-10-10. p. 3. Retrieved 2021-11-06 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. 1 2 3 Cui'an, Peng. "Leonard, Eliza Ellen | BDCC". Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity. Retrieved 2021-11-05.
  4. 1 2 3 "In Memoriam". Women and Missions: 354. December 1924.
  5. ↑ Thompson, Larry Clinton (2009-06-08). William Scott Ament and the Boxer Rebellion: Heroism, Hubris and the "Ideal Missionary". McFarland. p. 190. ISBN 978-0-7864-5338-2.
  6. ↑ "Iowa Woman in Peking". Ottumwa Tri-Weekly Courier. 1900-07-17. p. 1. Retrieved 2021-11-06 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ↑ "MIssionaries Killed". The Leavenworth Times. 1900-10-10. p. 1. Retrieved 2021-11-06 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ↑ "Foreigners Who Have Probably Been Slain". San Francisco Call. July 7, 1900. p. 1. Retrieved November 5, 2021 – via California Digital Newspaper Collection.
  9. ↑ "Some Fine Hospitals for Women". Woman's Work: 37. February 1911 – via Internet Archive.
  10. ↑ Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Presbyterian Church (Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.) (1912). Hospitals in China. Columbia University Libraries. Philadelphia : Woman's Foreign Missionary Society, Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. p. 10 – via Internet Archive.
  11. 1 2 The Peking Who's Who 1922. 1922. pp. 67, 82 – via Internet Archive.
  12. ↑ "Untitled social item". The Hebron Champion. 1902-09-12. p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-06 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. 1 2 "Missionary Gives Lecture on the Boxer War". The Idaho Statesman. 1912-03-16. p. 3. Retrieved 2021-11-06 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ↑ "Presbyterian Women to Hear Missionary to China Give Talk". The Oregon Daily Journal. 1918-12-08. p. 12. Retrieved 2021-11-06 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ↑ "Foreign Delegates and Guests at the Atlantic City Meeting of the American Medical Association". Science. 49 (1278): 609–610. 1919-06-27. doi:10.1126/science.49.1278.609.b. ISSN 0036-8075. S2CID 239849061.
  16. ↑ Castleton, Rev A G (December 1924). "Minutes of the Administrative Council - Tsiman" (PDF). Yale Library. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
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