Ethel Moseley Damon in 1918

Ethel Moseley Damon (April 12, 1883 – April 1, 1965) was a teacher, writer and historian who served with the Red Cross in Europe during World War I, and was decorated by Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Belgium and by the Mayor of Le Havre.

Background and education

She was born April 12, 1883, in Honolulu in the Kingdom of Hawaii, as one of five children of Edward Chenery Damon (1848–1894), a retailer with JT Waterhouse and Company, and Cornelia Beckwith Damon (1857–1908). Ethel's brothers and sisters were Julia, Maurice, Fred, and William.[1]

Her maternal grandparents Maurice B. Beckwith (1824–1881) and Sarah Moseley Beckwith (1831–1870) arrived in Hawaii in 1855 from Massachusetts to help run the Royal School.[2] Her paternal grandparents Samuel C. Damon (1815–1885) and Julia Sherman Mills Damon (1817–1890) arrived in Hawaii in 1845 as missionaries for the American Seaman's Friend Society. Samuel was the founding publisher of The Friend periodical, and Julia was the first president of the Stranger's Friend Society in Honolulu.[3]

Ethel attended Honolulu's private college preparatory Punahou School, and was Valedictorian at her 1901 graduation.[4] After training at Honolulu Normal school, she taught English at that same institution for a couple of years. She later attended Wellesley College in Massachusetts, receiving her BA degree in 1909. Upon her return to Hawaii, she taught multiple languages at Punahou until the beginning of World War I.[5]

World War I

With the outbreak of war, Johns Hopkins pediatrician Edwards A. Park, working with the American Red Cross Belgian Commission, headed the Children's Hospital in Le Havre as a facility for refugee Belgian children. He appointed Mabel Isabel Wilcox as head nurse in supervision over Ethel and 14 other nurses.[5]

In a 1918 letter printed in the Honolulu Star-Bulletin, Ethel related the effects of war on the French population. Quartered at the Hôtel de Ville in Paris, she awaited the arrival of Mabel and Dr. Park. In the interim, she had been working for a district nurse. On the evening of their arrival, Paris was in the middle of an air raid blackout, which they later learned had been one of the most severe air raids in Paris up to that date. They remained in the area providing assistance for several days, as Ethel witnessed cars and trucks parked in the streets, ready to flee on a moment's notice, and the courage of a people facing uncertainty. While visiting a tuberculosis sanitarium at Sceaux outside of Paris, they heard two loud explosions, " ... we looked at once in the direction of Paris to see a great mass of black smoke begin to rise ..."[6] only to find out later the explosions had occurred where they had been working.

At Le Havre, and wherever needed in France, they provided medical care and a safe haven for the children, often putting themselves in harm's way behind enemy lines to assist refugee women. In recognition of their war-time services, Mabel and Ethel were decorated with the Queen Elisabeth Medal by the Queen Elisabeth of Belgium and the Bronze Medal of the City of Le Havre by the Mayor of Le Havre.[7]

Final years

Ethel had a prolific writing career on a local level. Concentrating on Hawaii's history, she produced historical pageants, wrote plays, books and pamphlets, and published historic papers. She devoted much of her post-World War I years in documenting Hawaii's history. Never married, she died at her Kauai home on April 1, 1965.[8]

Published works

(Select list)

References

  1. ↑ "John Thomas Waterhouse". Images of Old Hawaiʻi. 7 July 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2018.; "Death of Edward C. Damon". The Hawaiian Gazette – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . June 5, 1894. p. 4, col. 5. Retrieved March 4, 2018.; "Mrs. Damon Passes Away". The Hawaiian Star – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . April 23, 1908. p. 8, col. 5. Retrieved March 4, 2018.; "Death in Albany of Mrs. C. B. Damon". The Honolulu Advertiser – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . April 24, 1908. p. 7, col. 4. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
  2. ↑ "Notes of the Week: Beckwith". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . July 8, 1881. p. 3, col. 3. Retrieved March 4, 2018.; "The Royal School". Polynesian – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . May 5, 1855. p. 2, col. 5. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
  3. ↑ Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 79.
  4. ↑ "Punahou Graduation". Evening Bulletin – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . June 25, 1901. p. 3, col. 2. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
  5. 1 2 Peterson 1984.
  6. ↑ "Ethel Damon "Auxiliare" in France, In Vivid Letter Home Tells Of Nursing Work; In The Wake Of The Hun After An Air Raid". Honolulu Star-Bulletin – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . October 5, 1918. p. 70. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
  7. ↑ Sinclair, Jane (October 5, 1918). "Hawaii's heroic women in war hospitals:Nurses from Mid-Pacific go halfway around the world following the flag of the Red Cross". Honolulu Star-Bulletin – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . p. 59. Retrieved March 4, 2018.; "Island Girls Are Awarded Decorations". Honolulu Star-Bulletin – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . May 14, 1919. p. 2, col. 5. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
  8. ↑ "Hawaiian Historian Ethel Damon". The Honolulu Advertiser – via Newspapers.com (subscription required) . April 2, 1965. p. 19, col. 1. Retrieved March 4, 2018.

Bibliography

  • Hawaiian Mission Children's Society (1901). American Protestant Missionaries to Hawaii. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society – via HathiTrust.
  • Peterson, Barbara Bennett, ed. (1984). Notable women of Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 403–405. ISBN 978-0-8248-0820-4.
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