Federico Rodrigo Martín Sánchez Ochando y Chumillas
Ochando in 1899
Vice President of the Senate of Spain
In office
1901–1902
In office
1905–1907
In office
1910–1911
Senator for life
In office
1905–1923
Senator of Albacete
In office
1898–1902
In office
1905–1907
Senator of La Habana
In office
1896–1898
110th Governor-General of the Philippines
In office
1 March 1893 – 4 May 1893
Preceded byEulogio Despujol y Dusay
Succeeded byRamón Blanco, 1st Marquis of Peña Plata
Deputy of Casas-Ibáñez
In office
1879–1884
In office
1891–1892
In office
1903–1905
Deputy of Alcaraz
In office
1893–1896
In office
1886–1890
Personal details
Born14 March 1848
Fuentealbilla, Albacete, Spain
Died2 February 1929
Madrid, Spain
Political partyLiberal Party
SpouseMaria Matilda Valera y Canada
ChildrenRoman Angel Emeterio Sanchez Ochando y Chumillas
Alma materAcademia de Estado Mayor
AwardsDistinciones de la Cruz Roja Española (Distinguished Spanish Red Cross)
Gran Cruz Roja al Merito Militar (Grand Red Cross of Military Merit)
Gran Cruz de Isabel la Catolica (Order of Isabella the Catholic)
Gran Cruz de San Hermenegildo (Grand Cross of Saint Hermenegild)
Gran Cruz de San Benito de Avis (Grand Cross of Saint Benedict of Aviz)
Military service
Allegiance Spain
Branch/serviceSpanish Army
RankLieutenant general
Battles/warsTen Years' War
Third Carlist War
Cuban War of Independence

Federico Rodrigo Martín Sánchez Ochando y Chumillas (14 March 1848 – 2 February 1929) was a Spanish general and politician who served as the 110th Governor-General of the Philippines, Deputy and Senator of Albacete, and Vice President of the Senate of Spain. Ochando was an illustrious and decorated general with a prolific career in politics. As a deputy and a senator, infrastructure projects and improvement of the Spanish military were among his key programs.[1][2]

Early life and career

Federico Ochando was born of Andres Maria Sanchez Ochando and Ana Catalina Chumillas on 14 March 1848 in Fuentealbilla, Albacete, Spain.[3] His brother, Andres Ochando y Chumillas, was a lawyer and would serve as Deputy of Casas-Ibáñez from 1893 to 1896.[4] He married Maria Matilda Valera y Canada and they had a son, Roman Angel Emeterio Sanchez Ochando y Chumillas, who was born in 1867.[5] His son would also serve as Deputy of Casas-Ibáñez from 1919 to 1920.[2] In 1864, Ochando entered the Academia de Estado Mayor and was promoted as alférez in 1867. Two years later, he had the rank of staff lieutenant. He first saw action during the Third Carlist War, when he participated in military campaigns against Carlists in Barcelona, Sant Celoni, and Valencia. He then fought opponents of the Spanish Restoration, which placed Alfonso XII of Spain as king. His participation in the March to Cuba during the Ten Years' War earned him the rank of brigadier general in 1878.[2][6]

Deputy and Governor

In 1879, he was elected as Deputy of Casas-Ibáñez with 66% of the vote.[7] In 1881, he was elected as deputy in the same district with 69% of the vote, performing better than his first election.[8] Ochando would be one of the most notable personalities from the town of Casas-Ibáñez, who was also a leader of the Liberal Party during his political career.[4][9] In 1886, he would serve as Deputy of Alcaraz, a town in the same province as Casas-Ibáñez. He was elected in the district with 100% of the vote.[10] He was elected for the third time as Deputy of Casas-Ibáñez in 1891, but there was no record for his vote percentage.[11] In 1893, he was elected for the second time as Deputy of Alcaraz, again with 100% of the vote.[12] However, prior to taking his seat as deputy, he was appointed as the 110th Governor-General of the Philippines, replacing Eulogio Despujol y Dusay on 1 March 1893. The dismissal of Despujol was attributed to the new liberal government, with Práxedes Mateo Sagasta as Prime Minister of Spain. One of the notable acts of Ochando was the change of José Rizal's guard. On 16 May 1893, Ricardo Carnicero was replaced by Juan Sitges as district governor. There were rumors that Ochando gave orders to Sitges for tightening Rizal's security and to shoot the prisoner if he escaped. Soon enough, Ramón Blanco, 1st Marquis of Peña Plata assumed office as the new Governor-General of the Philippines in the same year.[13][14]

Senator

Ochando as senator in 1896.

After his return to Spain due to illness, he was appointed military governor of Madrid in 1894 and promoted to the rank of lieutenant general in 1895. The following year, he arrived in Cuba as Valeriano Weyler's chief of staff and participated in the Spanish campaign during the Cuban War of Independence.[2] In the same year, he was elected Senator of La Habana.[15] In 1897, he returned to Spain and was appointed Captain General of Aragon. In 1898, he was appointed Captain General of Andalusia.[2] In the same year, he was elected as Senator of Albacete, a position he would serve in until 1902.[15] While serving as senator, he was appointed as Inspector General of the Guardia Civil in 1901.[2] In 1903, he was elected for the fourth time as Deputy of Casas-Ibáñez with 85% of the vote.[16] In the same year, he was appointed Inspector General of the Carabineros.[2] The following year, he was appointed Captain General of Old Castile. In 1905, he was back in the Senate. However, he was not only Senator of Albacete, he was made senator for life (senador vitalicio) by royal decree in 1906.[15] Among his activities as senator include requesting ratings for Ministers of the Crown,[17] and propose increasing the benefits for members of the armed forces.[18] He requested the Spanish Council of State to report on the conflict between the Ministry of Justice and Ministry of War concerning the salary of a regional officer.[19] He proposed to provide a pension for General Diego Ollero y Carmona's widow, Teresa Morales Guerrero Estrella, and General Francisco Rizzo y Ramirez's widow, Dolores Goñi y Zangroniz.[20][21] He proposed the inclusion of the Bonete Road expansion in the general road plan of Spain. The Bonete Road runs from Albacete to Ayora.[22] Ochando was known for his various infrastructure projects in his district during his service as deputy and senator.[2] Another major project undertaken upon Ochando's initiative was the Baeza-Utiel Line, also known as the Baeza-Albacete Line. Planning for the 366-kilometer long railway connecting Baeza and Utiel began in 1926.[23][24] He requested the enforcement of the law concerning civilian destination of licensed members of the armed forces.[25] Lastly, he requested financial assistance for the youth to enter military academies.[26] During his entire career in the Senate, he served thrice as Vice President of the Senate of Spain (1901–1902, 1905–1907, 1910–1911).[15] Meanwhile, from 1907 to 1910, he served as Director-general of the Carabineros, as well as Sub-minister (Undersecretary) of War.[2]

Death

He died on 2 February 1929 in Madrid, Spain.[1] Two days later, the President of the Spanish Senate (Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres) gave a memorial to the late senator.[15] A road, Calle Federico Ochando, was named after him.[27]

Ochando's ancestry

References

  1. 1 2 "ABC: DOMINGO 3 DE FEBRERO DE 1929. EDICIÓN DE LA MAÑANA. PAG. 25". DIARIO ABC, S.L. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sanz Diaz, Benito. Caciquismo en la Mancha: Los Ochando en el Partido Judicial de Casas Ibañez. Almud Historia.
  3. 1 2 "Federico Rodrigo Martin Sanchez Ochando". Family Search. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
  4. 1 2 Varela Ortega, Jose; Armengol i Segu, Josep (2001). El poder de la influencia: geografía del caciquismo en España (1875–1923). Marcial Pons Historia. ISBN 9788425911521. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  5. ↑ "Roman Angel Emeterio Sanchez Ochando Y Chumillas". Family Search. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
  6. ↑ "TENIENTE GENERAL D. FEDERICO OCHANDO CHUMILLAS, DIRECTOR GENERAL DE LA GUARDIA CIVIL (16-03-1899 a 27-07-1901)". Benemerita al dia. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  7. ↑ "33. Elecciones 20.4.1879 Albacete". Congreso de los Diputados. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  8. ↑ "34. Elecciones 21.8.1881 Albacete". Congreso de los Diputados. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  9. ↑ "History". Casas Ibañez. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  10. ↑ "36. Elecciones 4.4.1886 Albacete". Congreso de los Diputados. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  11. ↑ "37. Elecciones 1.2.1891 Albacete". Congreso de los Diputados. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  12. ↑ "38. Elecciones 5.3.1893 Albacete". Congreso de los Diputados. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  13. ↑ "Chronology of Rizal". MyRizal150. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  14. ↑ Guerrero, Leon Maria (2010). The First Filipino. Guerrero Publishing. ISBN 9789719341871. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 "OCHANDO Y CHUMILLAS, FEDERICO". Senado de España. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  16. ↑ "43. Elecciones 30.4.1903 Albacete". Congreso de los Diputados. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  17. ↑ "Ruego pidiendo una relacion nominal de los Ministros de la Corona, desde Mayo de 1902 (1906-12-20)". Senado de España. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  18. ↑ "Proposición de Ley de Don Federico Ochando y otros extendiendo los beneficios del Montepio a los diferentes cuerpos del ejército y de la Armada (1908-05-09)". Senado de España. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  19. ↑ "Petición del informe del Consejo de Estado en la competencia entre los Ministros de la Guerra y de Gracia y Justicia,sobre una retención de sueldo a un Oficial de la 5 región (1908-06-20)". Senado de España. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  20. ↑ "Proposición de Ley de D. Federico Ochando y otros (1907-12-13). Publicado en el "Diario de las Sesiones de Cortes. Senado"". Senado de España. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  21. ↑ "Cuatro ejemplares de la proposición de Ley de D. Federico Ochando (1910-07-10). Publicado en el "Diario de las Sesiones de Cortes. Senado"". Senado de España. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  22. ↑ "Proposición de Ley incluyendo en el plan general de carreteras una de Bonete a enlazar con la de Ayora a Albacete (1910-07-06)". Senado de España. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  23. ↑ Cuéllar Villar, Domingo (2007). Transportes y desarrollo en el sureste andaluz (1850–1950). Historia económica, empresarial y territorial. Universidad de Almería. ISBN 9788496419308.
  24. ↑ Hernández, Ricardo (2007). Vías verdes de la Comunitat Valenciana. Carena Editors. ISBN 9788496419308.
  25. ↑ "Ruego acerca del exacto cumplimiento de la ley de destinos civiles a los licenciados del Ejercito (1910-07-22)". Senado de España. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  26. ↑ "Ruego acerca del ingreso en las escuelas militares de los jovenes de cupo de instruccion pobres que quieran asistir (1914-06-22". Senado de España. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  27. ↑ "Calle Federico Ochando". StreetDir.es. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
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