The following is a list of current, former, and confirmed future facilities of Ford Motor Company for manufacturing automobiles and other components. Per regulations, the factory is encoded into each vehicle's VIN as character 11 for North American models, and character 8 for European models.
The River Rouge Complex manufactured most of the components of Ford vehicles, starting with the Model T. Much of the production was devoted to compiling "knock-down kits" that were then shipped in wooden crates to Branch Assembly locations across the United States by railroad and assembled locally, using local supplies as necessary.[1] A few of the original Branch Assembly locations still remain while most have been repurposed or have been demolished and the land reused. Knock-down kits were also shipped internationally until the River Rouge approach was duplicated in Europe and Asia.
For a listing of Ford's proving grounds and test facilities see Ford Proving Grounds.
Current production facilities
| VIN | Name | City/state | Country | Opened | Employees | Products | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AutoAlliance Thailand | Pluak Daeng district, Rayong | Thailand | 1998 | 6,863 | Ford Ranger (T6) Ford Everest Mazda 2 Mazda 3 Mazda CX-3 Mazda CX-30 |
Joint venture 50% owned by Ford and 50% owned by Mazda. | |
| Buffalo Stamping | Hamburg, New York | U.S. | 1950 | 1,100 | Body panels | ||
| Changan Ford Chongqing Assembly | Chongqing | China | 5,000+ | Ford Escape Ford Escort Ford Evos Ford Focus Ford Kuga Ford Mondeo Ford Mustang Mach-E Lincoln Corsair Lincoln Zephyr |
Joint Venture: Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd. (50%), Ford Motor Company (50%). Complex includes three assembly plants. | ||
| Changan Ford Chongqing Engine | Chongqing | China | 1,310 | Ford 1.0 L Ecoboost I3 engine Ford 1.5 L Sigma I4 engine Ford 1.5 L EcoBoost I4 engine |
Joint Venture: Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd. (50%), Ford Motor Company (50%). | ||
| Changan Ford Chongqing Transmission | Chongqing | China | 1,310 | Ford 6F15 transmission Ford 6F35 transmission |
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| Changan Ford Hangzhou Assembly | Hangzhou, Zhejiang | China | Ford Edge Plus Ford Explorer Ford Taurus Lincoln Aviator Lincoln Nautilus |
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| Changan Ford Harbin Assembly | Harbin, Heilongjiang | China | Ford Focus | Plant formerly belonged to Harbin Hafei Automobile Group Co. Bought by Changan Ford in 2015. | |||
| CHI/CH/G (NA) | Chicago Assembly | Chicago, Illinois | U.S. | 1924 | 5,810 | Ford Explorer (U625) Lincoln Aviator (U611) |
Located at 12600 S Torrence Avenue. Replaced the previous location at 3915 Wabash Avenue. |
| N (NA) | Chicago SHO Center | Chicago, Illinois | U.S. | 2021 | Ford Explorer Lincoln Aviator |
12429 S Burley Ave in Chicago, about a mile away from the Chicago Assembly Plant. | |
| Chicago Stamping | Chicago Heights, Illinois | U.S. | 1,270 | Located at 1000 E Lincoln Hwy, Chicago Heights, IL | |||
| Chihuahua Engine | Chihuahua, Chihuahua | Mexico | 1983 | 690 | Ford Duratec 2.0/2.3/2.5 I4 Ford 1.5L Dragon EcoBoost I3 4.4L Diesel V8 6.7L Diesel V8 |
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| Cleveland Engine #1 | Brook Park, Ohio | U.S. | 1951 | 1,180 | Ford 2.0/2.3 EcoBoost I4 Ford 3.5 L EcoBoost V6 Ford 3.5/3.7 Cyclone V6 (for RWD vehicles) |
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| A (EU) / E | Cologne Body & Assembly | Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia | Germany | 1931 | 4,141 | Ford Fiesta | |
| Cologne Engine | Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia | Germany | 1,008 | 1.0 litre EcoBoost I3 Aston Martin V12 engine |
Previously: Ford Taunus V4 engine Ford Cologne V6 engine Aston Martin 4.3/4.7 V8 | ||
| Cologne Tool & Die | Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia | Germany | 1,144 | Tooling, dies, fixtures, jigs, die repair | |||
| Cologne Transmission | Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia | Germany | 1,590 | Ford MTX-75 transmission Ford VXT-75 transmission Ford VMT6 transmission Volvo M56/M58/M66 transmission Ford MMT6 transmission |
Formerly part of the Getrag Ford Transmission joint venture. Returned to 100% Ford ownership in 2021. | ||
| Cortako Cologne GmbH | Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia | Germany | 1961 | 410 | Forging of steel parts for engines, transmissions, and chassis | Originally known as Cologne Forge & Die Cast Plant. Previously known as Tekfor Cologne GmbH from 2003 to 2011, a 50/50 joint venture between Ford and Neumayer Tekfor GmbH. Bought back by Ford in 2011 and now 100% owned by Ford. | |
| Coscharis Motors Assembly Ltd. | Lagos | Nigeria | Ford Ranger | Plant owned by Coscharis Motors Assembly Ltd. Built under contract for Ford. | |||
| M (NA) | Cuautitlán Assembly | Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico State | Mexico | 1964 | Ford Mustang Mach-E | Truck assembly began in 1970 while car production began in 1980. | |
| Dagenham Engine | Dagenham | England, UK | 1931 | 2,047 | Ford DLD engine (Tiger) Ford EcoBlue engine (Panther) Ford 2.7/3.0 Lion Diesel V6 |
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| W (NA) | Ford Rouge Electric Vehicle Center | Dearborn, Michigan | U.S. | 2021 | Ford F-150 Lightning EV | Part of the River Rouge Complex. | |
| Dearborn Diversified Manufacturing Plant | Dearborn, Michigan | U.S. | Axles, suspension parts. Frames for F-Series trucks. | Part of the River Rouge Complex. | |||
| Dearborn Engine | Dearborn, Michigan | U.S. | 911 | Ford Duratec 20 Ford Duratec 23 Ford Duratec 25 |
Part of the River Rouge Complex. Previously: Ford FE engine Ford CVH engine | ||
| Dearborn Stamping | Dearborn, Michigan | U.S. | 1,780 | Body stampings | Part of the River Rouge Complex. | ||
| Dearborn Tool & Die | Dearborn, Michigan | U.S. | Tooling | Part of the River Rouge Complex. | |||
| F (NA) | Dearborn Truck | Dearborn, Michigan | U.S. | 2004 | Ford F-150 | Part of the River Rouge Complex. Replaced the nearby Dearborn Assembly Plant. | |
| 0 (NA) | Detroit Chassis LLC | Detroit, Michigan | U.S. | F-53 motorhome chassis F-59 commercial chassis |
Replaced production at IMMSA in Mexico. Plant owned by Detroit Chassis LLC. | ||
| Essex Engine | Windsor, Ontario | Canada | 1981 | 820 | Ford Coyote V8 Engine components |
Idled in November 2007, reopened February 2010. Previously: Ford Essex V6 engine (Canadian) Ford 5.4L 3-valve Modular V8 | |
| 5 (NA) | Flat Rock Assembly Plant | Flat Rock, Michigan | U.S. | 1987 | 1,800 | Ford Mustang | Built at site of closed Ford Michigan Casting Center (1972-1981). Opened as a Mazda plant; known as AutoAlliance International from 1992 to 2012. |
| Ford Lio Ho Assembly | Zhongli District, Taoyuan | Taiwan | 1973 | 2,332 | Ford Focus Ford Kuga Ford Focus Active |
Joint venture 70% owned by Ford and 30% owned by Lio Ho Group. | |
| Ford Lio Ho Engine | Zhongli District, Taoyuan | Taiwan | 2,332 | Ford Zeta engine Mazda 1.6 ZM-DE I4 Mazda F engine (1.8, 2.0) Mazda L engine (1.8, 2.0, 2.3) Suzuki 1.0 I4 (for Ford Pronto) |
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| Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa Silverton Assembly Plant | Silverton | South Africa | 1967 | 4,310 | Ford Ranger Ford Everest VW Amarok |
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| Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa Struandale Engine Plant | Struandale, Port Elizabeth | South Africa | 590 | Ford EcoBlue engine Ford 3.0 Lion turbodiesel V6 Ford 2.2/3.2 Puma diesel engine Machining of engine components |
Previously: Ford Kent Crossflow I4 engine Ford 1.4L CVH-PTE engine Ford 1.6L EFI Zetec I4 Ford Zetec RoCam engine Ford Essex V6 engine (UK) | ||
| T | Ford Otosan Assembly - Gölcük | Gölcük, Kocaeli | Turkey | 2001 | 7,534 | Ford Transit Ford Transit Custom Ford Tourneo Custom |
Transit Connect started shipping to the US in fall of 2009. |
| T | Ford Otosan Assembly - Yeniköy | Gölcük, Kocaeli | Turkey | 2014 | Ford Transit Courier | Opened 2014. Previously: Ford Tourneo Courier | |
| Ford Otosan Engine | Inonu, Eskisehir | Turkey | 1982 | 1,608 | Ford Puma I4/I5 diesel engine Ford EcoBlue engine Ford Cargo truck Ford F-MAX Ford Ecotorq engine Ford EcoTorq transmission Rear axles |
Opened 1982. Previously: Ford D series Ford 1.6 Zetec I4 Ford 2.5 DI diesel I4 Ford 6.0/6.2 diesel inline-6 7.3L Ecotorq diesel I6 Ford MT75 transmission for Transit | |
| R (EU) | Ford Romania | Craiova | Romania | 2009 | 6,200 | Ford EcoSport (2017) Ford Puma (2019) Ford 1.0 Fox EcoBoost I3 Ford 1.5 Sigma EcoBoost I4 |
|
| Ford Thailand Manufacturing | Pluak Daeng district, Rayong | Thailand | 2012 | 2,020 | Ford Ranger (T6) | ||
| Hai Duong Assembly, Ford Vietnam, Ltd. | Hai Duong | Vietnam | 1995 | 670 | Ford Transit Ford Ranger (T6) |
Joint venture 75% owned by Ford and 25% owned by Song Cong Diesel Company. | |
| Halewood Transmission | Halewood, Merseyside | England, UK | 710 | Ford MT75 transmission Ford MT82 transmission Ford IB5 transmission Ford iB6 transmission PTO Transmissions |
Formerly part of the Getrag Ford Transmission joint venture. Returned to 100% Ford ownership in 2021. | ||
| R (NA) | Hermosillo Stamping and Assembly | Hermosillo, Sonora | Mexico | 1986 | Ford Bronco Sport Ford Maverick pickup |
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| Irapuato Transmission Plant | Irapuato, Guanajuato | Mexico | 900 | Ford 6F15 transmission Ford 8F24 transmission |
Formerly Getrag Americas, a joint venture between Getrag and the Getrag Ford Transmission joint venture. Became 100% owned by Ford in 2016. | ||
| Jiangling Motors Corp., Ltd. (JMC Xiaolan Assembly Plant) | Xiaolan Economic Development Zone, Nanchang, Jiangxi | China | 1997 | 7,258 | Ford Transit Pro Ford Transit Ford Tourneo Ford Everest Ford Equator Ford Equator Sport Ford Territory |
Partnership with Jiangling Investment Co., Ltd. Jiangling Motors is 32% owned by Ford. | |
| Jiangling Motors Corp., Ltd. (JMC Xiaolan Engine Plant) | Xiaolan Economic Development Zone, Nanchang, Jiangxi | China | Ford 2.0 L EcoBoost I4 JMC 1.5/1.8 GTDi engines |
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| K (NA) | Kansas City Assembly | Claycomo, Missouri | U.S. | 1951 | 7,250 | Ford F-150 Ford Transit |
Replaced the original location at 1025 Winchester Ave. Military production (including wings for B-46 bombers) only from 1951 to 1956, when it converted to civilian production. |
| E (NA) or V (NA) for med. & heavy trucks & bus chassis |
Kentucky Truck Assembly | Louisville, Kentucky | U.S. | 1969 | 8,920 | Ford Super Duty Ford Expedition Lincoln Navigator |
Located at 3001 Chamberlain Lane. |
| Lima Engine | Lima, Ohio | U.S. | 1957 | 730 | Ford 2.7/3.0 Nano EcoBoost V6 Ford 3.3 Cyclone V6 Ford 3.5/3.7 Cyclone V6 (for FWD vehicles) |
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| Livonia Transmission | Livonia, Michigan | U.S. | 1,849 | Ford 6R transmission Ford 10R60/10R80 transmission Ford 8F35/8F40 transmission |
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| U (NA) | Louisville Assembly Plant | Louisville, Kentucky | U.S. | 1955 | 4,100 | Ford Escape Lincoln Corsair |
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| L (NA) | Michigan Assembly Plant | Wayne, Michigan | U.S. | 1957 | Ford Ranger (T6) Ford Bronco (U725) |
Located at 38303 Michigan Ave. Formerly called Michigan Truck Plant. | |
| S (NA) | New Model Programs Development Center | Allen Park, Michigan | U.S. | 1956 | Continental Mark II | Commonly known as "Pilot Plant" | |
| Nordex S.A. | Montevideo | Uruguay | Ford Transit | Plant owned by Nordex S.A. Built under contract for Ford for South American markets. | |||
| B (NA) | Oakville Assembly | Oakville, Ontario | Canada | 1953 | 4,500 | Ford Edge | |
| D (NA) | Ohio Assembly | Avon Lake, Ohio | U.S. | 1974 | 1,821 | Ford Econoline Ford F-650/750 Ford F-350/450/550/600 Chassis Cab |
|
| B (SA) | Pacheco Stamping and Assembly | General Pacheco, Buenos Aires Province | Argentina | 1961 | 2,123 | Ford Ranger (T6) |
Part of Autolatina venture with VW from 1987 to 1996. Ford kept this side of the Pacheco plant when Autolatina dissolved. |
| Rawsonville Components | Ypsilanti, Michigan | U.S. | 1956 | Integrated Air/Fuel Modules Air Induction Systems Transmission Oil Pumps HEV and PHEV Batteries Fuel Pumps Carbon Canisters Ignition Coils Transmission components for Van Dyke Transmission Plant |
Located at 10300 Textile Road. Spun off as part of Visteon in 2000. Taken back by Ford in 2005 as part of Automotive Components Holdings LLC. Sold to parent Ford in 2009. | ||
| RMA Automotive Cambodia | Krakor district, Pursat province | Cambodia | Ford Ranger (T6) Ford Everest |
Plant belongs to RMA Group, Ford's distributor in Cambodia. Builds vehicles under license from Ford. | |||
| C (EU) / 4 | Saarlouis Body & Assembly | Saarlouis, Saarland | Germany | 1970 | 1,276 | Ford Focus |
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| Sanand Engine Plant | Sanand, Gujarat | India | 2015 | Ford EcoBlue/Panther Diesel I4 engine 1.2/1.5 Ti-VCT Dragon I3 |
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| Sharonville Transmission | Sharonville, Ohio | U.S. | 1,790 | Ford 6R140 transmission Ford 10R80/10R140 transmission Gears for 6R80/140, 6F35/50/55, & 8F57 transmissions |
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| Sterling Axle | Sterling Heights, Michigan | U.S. | 1956 | Front axles Rear axles Rear drive units |
Located at 39000 Mound Rd. Spun off as part of Visteon in 2000; taken back by Ford in 2005 as part of Automotive Components Holdings LLC. | ||
| J (SA) | Valencia Assembly | Valencia, Carabobo | Venezuela | 1962 | 1,797 | Ford Explorer | Serves Ford markets in Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela. |
| P (EU) / 1 | Ford Valencia Body and Assembly | Almussafes, Valencia | Spain | 1976 | 6,180 | Ford Kuga Ford Transit Connect Ford S-Max |
|
| Valencia Engine | Almussafes, Valencia | Spain | 1,000 | Ford Duratec HE 1.8/2.0 Ford Ecoboost 2.0L Ford Ecoboost 2.3L |
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| Van Dyke Electric Powertrain Center | Sterling Heights, Michigan | U.S. | 1,260 | Ford 6F35/6F55 Ford HF35/HF45 transmission for hybrids & PHEVs Ford 8F57 transmission electric motors (eMotor) for hybrids & EVs electric vehicle transmissions |
Located at 41111 Van Dyke Ave. Formerly known as Van Dyke Transmission Plant. Originally made suspension parts. Previously: Ford AX4N transmission Ford FN transmission | ||
| X | Volkswagen Poznań | Poznań | Poland | Ford Tourneo Connect VW Caddy VW Transporter (T6) |
Plant owned by Volkswagen. Production for Ford began in 2022. | ||
| WA/W (NA) | Wayne Stamping & Assembly | Wayne, Michigan | U.S. | 1952 | Located at 37500 Van Born Rd. Integrated into the Michigan Assembly Plant. | ||
| Windsor Engine Plant | Windsor, Ontario | Canada | 1923 | 1,850 | Ford Godzilla engine | ||
| Woodhaven Forging | Woodhaven, Michigan | U.S. | Crankshaft forgings for V6 engines | ||||
| Woodhaven Stamping | Woodhaven, Michigan | U.S. | 1,359 | Body panels |
Future production facilities
| VIN | Name | City/state | Country | Status | Employees | Products | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blue Oval City | Stanton, Tennessee | U.S. | Announced | ~6,000 | Ford F-150 Lightning, batteries | Scheduled to start production in 2025. Battery manufacturing would be part of BlueOval SK, a joint venture with SK Innovation.[2] | |
| BlueOval SK Battery Park | Glendale, Kentucky | U.S. | Announced | ~5,000 | Batteries | Scheduled to start production in 2025. Also part of BlueOval SK.[2] |
Former production facilities
| VIN | Name | City/State | Country | Years | Products | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexandria Assembly | Alexandria | Egypt | 1950-1966 | Ford trucks including Thames Trader trucks | Opened in 1950. | |
| Ali Automobiles | Karachi | Pakistan | Ford Anglia, Ford Cortina, Ford Kombi, Ford F-Series pickups | Ali Automobiles was nationalized in 1972, becoming Awami Autos | ||
| N (EU) | Amsterdam Assembly | Amsterdam | Netherlands | 1932-1981 | Ford Transit, Ford Transcontinental, Ford D-Series, Ford N-Series (EU) | Assembled a wide range of Ford products primarily for the local market. |
| Antwerp Assembly | Antwerp | Belgium | 1922-1964 | Ford Model T Ford Model A Ford Model Y 1932 Ford 1949 Ford Ford Taunus P3 Ford Taunus P4 Ford Falcon Ford Fairlane Edsel (CKD) Ford F-Series |
Original plant was on Rue Dubois from 1922 to 1926. Ford then moved to the Hoboken District of Antwerp in 1926 until they moved to a plant near the Bassin Canal in 1931. Replaced by the Genk plant that opened in 1964 however tractors were then made at Antwerp for some time after car & truck production ended. | |
| Asnières-sur-Seine Assembly | Asnières-sur-Seine | France | Sold | Ford Model T Ford Model A Ford Model Y (Ford 6CV) |
Ford sold the plant to Société Immobilière Industrielle d'Asnières or SIIDA on April 30, 1941. | |
| G | Aston Martin Gaydon Assembly | Gaydon, Warwickshire | England, UK | Aston Martin DB9 Aston Martin V8 Vantage/V12 Vantage Aston Martin DBS V12 |
Sold along with Aston Martin. | |
| T (DBS-based V8 & Lagonda sedan) B (Virage & Vanquish) |
Aston Martin Newport Pagnell Assembly | Newport Pagnell, Buckinghamshire | England, UK | Sold | Aston Martin V12 Vanquish Aston Martin Virage 1st generation Aston Martin V8 Aston Martin Lagonda sedan Aston Martin V8 engine |
Sold along with Aston Martin. |
| AT/A | Atlanta Assembly | Hapeville, Georgia | U.S. | 1947-2006 | Ford Taurus, Mercury Sable | Site now occupied by the headquarters of Porsche North America.[3] |
| Auckland Operations | Wiri | New Zealand | 1973-1997 | Ford Laser Ford Telstar Ford Falcon Mazda 323 Mazda 626 |
Opened in 1973 as Wiri Assembly (also included transmission & chassis component plants), name changed in 1983 to Auckland Operations, became a joint venture with Mazda called Vehicles Assemblers of New Zealand (VANZ) in 1987, closed in 1997. | |
| Automotive Industries, Ltd. (AIL) | Nazareth Illit | Israel | 1968-1985? | Ford Escort Ford Transit Ford D Series Ford L-9000 |
Car production began in 1968 in conjunction with Ford's local distributor, Israeli Automobile Corp. Truck production began in 1973. | |
| Avtotor | Kaliningrad | Russia | Suspended | Ford Cargo truck Ford F-MAX |
Produced trucks under contract for Ford Otosan. Production began with the Cargo in 2015; the F-Max was added in 2019. | |
| P (EU) | Azambuja Assembly | Azambuja | Portugal | Closed in 2000 | Ford Anglia Ford Cortina Ford Escort Ford Granada Ford P100 Ford Taunus P4 (12M) Ford Taunus Transit Ford Thames 400E Ford Transit Thames Trader |
|
| G (EU) | Barcelona Assembly | Barcelona | Spain | 1923-1954 | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model Y, Ford Model C Ten | Became Motor Iberica SA after nationalization in 1954. Built Ford's Thames Trader trucks under license which were sold under the Ebro name. Later taken over in stages by Nissan from 1979 to 1987 when it became Nissan Motor Ibérica SA. Under Nissan, the Ford Maverick SUV was built in the Barcelona plant under an OEM agreement. |
| Barracas Assembly | Barracas, Buenos Aires | Argentina | 1916-1922 | Ford Model T | First Ford assembly plant in Latin America and the second outside North America after Britain. Replaced by the La Boca plant in 1922. | |
| Basildon | Basildon, Essex | England, U.K. | 1964-1991 | Ford tractor range | Sold with New Holland tractor business | |
| Batavia Transmission | Batavia, Ohio | U.S. | 1980-2008 | Ford CD4E transmission Ford ATX transmission CFT23 & CFT30 CVT transmissions produced as part of ZF Batavia joint venture with ZF Friedrichshafen |
ZF Batavia joint venture was created in 1999 and was 49% owned by Ford and 51% owned by ZF Friedrichshafen. Jointly developed CVT production began in late 2003. Ford bought out ZF in 2005 and the plant became Batavia Transmissions LLC, owned 100% by Ford. | |
| Berlin Assembly | Berlin | Germany | Closed 1931 | Ford Model T Ford Model TT Ford Model A |
Replaced by Cologne plant. | |
| Ford Aquitaine Industries Bordeaux Automatic Transmission Plant | Blanquefort | France | 1973-2019 | Ford C3/A4LD/A4LDE/4R44E/4R55E/5R44E/5R55E/5R55S/5R55W 3-, 4-, & 5-speed automatic transmissions Ford 6F35 6-speed automatic transmission Components |
Sold to HZ Holding in 2009 but the deal collapsed and Ford bought the plant back in 2011. | |
| K (DB7) | Bloxham Assembly | Bloxham, Oxfordshire | England, U.K. | Closed 2003 | Aston Martin DB7 Jaguar XJ220 |
Originally a JaguarSport plant. After XJ220 production ended, plant was transferred to Aston Martin to build the DB7. Closed with the end of DB7 production. |
| V (NA) | Blue Diamond Truck | General Escobedo, Nuevo León | Mexico | Joint venture ended in 2015 | Ford F-650 Ford F-750 Ford LCF |
Commercial truck joint venture with Navistar until 2015 when Ford production moved back to USA and plant was returned to Navistar. |
| Bombay Assembly | Bombay | India | 1926-1954 | Ford's original Indian plant. | ||
| Bordeaux Assembly | Bordeaux | France | Closed 1925 | Ford Model T | Replaced by Asnières-sur-Seine plant. | |
| Bridgend Engine | Bridgend | Wales, U.K. | Closed September 2020 | Ford CVH engine Ford Sigma engine Ford 1.5/1.6 Sigma EcoBoost I4 Ford Zeta engine Ford 1.5L Dragon EcoBoost I3 Jaguar AJ-V8 engine 4.0/4.2/4.4L Jaguar AJ126 3.0L V6 Jaguar AJ133 5.0L V8 Volvo SI6 engine |
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| JG (AU) / G / 8 | Broadmeadows Assembly Plant (Broadmeadows Car Assembly) (Plant 1) | Campbellfield, Victoria | Australia | 1959-2016[4] | Ford Falcon Ford Fairlane Ford LTD Ford Territory |
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| JL (AU) / L | Broadmeadows Commercial Vehicle Plant (Assembly Plant 2) | Campbellfield,Victoria | Australia | 1971-1992 | Ford F-Series Ford F-Series medium duty Ford L-Series/Louisville/Aeromax Ford Transit Ford Bronco |
|
| Cadiz Assembly | Cadiz | Spain | 1920-1923 | Ford Model T | Replaced by Barcelona plant. | |
| 8 | Camaçari Plant | Camaçari, Bahia | Brazil | 2001-2021[5][6] | Ford Ka Ford Ka+ Ford EcoSport Fox 1.0L I3 Engine |
|
| Canton Forge Plant | Canton, Ohio | U.S. | Closed 1988 | Located on Georgetown Road NE. | ||
| Casablanca Automotive Plant | Casablanca, Chile | Chile | 1969-1971[7][8] | Ford Falcon Ford F-series, Ford F-600 | Nationalized by the Chilean government.[9][10] | |
| Changan Ford Mazda Automobile Co. | Nanjing, Jiangsu | China | -2012 | Ford Fiesta Mazda 2 Mazda 3 |
Joint venture: Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd. (50%). Ford Motor Company (35%), Mazda Motor Company (15%). Was divided in 2012 into Changan Ford and Changan Mazda. Changan Mazda took the Nanjing plant while Changan Ford kept the other plants. | |
| Changan Ford Mazda Engine Co. | Nanjing, Jiangsu | China | Ford Sigma engine Mazda L engine Mazda BZ series 1.3/1.6 engine Mazda Skyactiv-G 1.5/2.0/2.5 |
Joint venture: Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd. (50%), Ford Motor Company (25%), Mazda Motor Company (25%). Ford sold its stake to Mazda in 2019. Now known as Changan Mazda Engine Co., Ltd. owned 50% by Mazda & 50% by Changan. | ||
| Charles McEnearney & Co. Ltd. | Tumpuna Road, Arima | Trinidad and Tobago | Ford Cortina, Ford Laser | Closed in the 1990s. | ||
| Chennai Engine Plant | Maraimalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu | India | 2010–2022)[11] | Ford DLD engine Ford Sigma engine |
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| Chennai Vehicle Assembly Plant | Maraimalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu | India | Closed (2022)[11] | Ford Endeavour Ford Fiesta 5th & 6th generations Ford Figo Ford EcoSport Ford Ikon Ford Fusion |
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| Cleveland Aluminum Casting Plant | Brook Park, Ohio | U.S. | Closed (2003) | Aluminum engine blocks | ||
| Cleveland Casting | Brook Park, Ohio | U.S. | Closed (2010) | Iron engine blocks, heads, crankshafts, and bearing caps | Construction 1950, operational 1952 to 2010.[12] Demolished 2011[13] | |
| Cleveland Engine #2 | Brook Park, Ohio | U.S. | Closed (2012) | Ford 2.5L Duratec V6 Ford 3.0L Duratec V6 Jaguar AJ-V6 engine |
Source of the Ford 351 Cleveland V8 & the Cleveland-based 400 V8. Also, Ford Y-block engine & Ford Super Duty engine. | |
| Compañía Colombiana Automotriz (Mazda) | Bogota | Colombia | Ford production ended. Mazda closed the factory in 2014. | Ford Laser Mazda 323 Ford Ranger Mazda B series Mazda BT-50 |
Plant owned by Mazda. | |
| E (EU) | Henry Ford & Sons Ltd | Marina, Cork | Munster, Ireland | Closed (1984) | Fordson tractor (from 1919) and car assembly, including Ford Escort and Ford Cortina in the 1970s finally ending with the Ford Sierra in 1980s.[14] Also Ford Transit, Ford A series, and Ford D Series. Also Ford Model T, Ford Model A, Ford Model Y, Ford Corsair, Ford Consul, Ford Prefect, and Ford Zephyr. | Founded in 1917 with production from 1919 to 1984 |
| Croydon Stamping | Croydon | England, UK | Closed (2003) | Parts - Small metal stampings and assemblies | Opened in 1949 as Briggs Motor Bodies & purchased by Ford in 1957. Expanded in 1989. Site completely vacated in 2005. | |
| Cuautitlán Engine | Cuautitln Izcalli, Mexico State | Mexico | Closed | Opened in 1964. Included a foundry and machining plant. Ford 289 V8 Ford 302 V8 Ford 351 Windsor V8 |
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| A (EU) | Dagenham Assembly | Dagenham | England, UK | Closed (2002) | Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model Y, Ford Model C Ten, Ford CX, Ford 7W, Ford 7Y, Ford Model 91, Ford Pilot, Ford Anglia, Ford Prefect, Ford Popular, Ford Squire, Ford Consul, Ford Zephyr, Ford Zodiac, Ford Consul Classic, Ford Corsair, Ford Cortina, Ford Granada, Ford Fiesta, Ford Sierra, Ford Courier, Mazda 121, Fordson E83W, Ford Thames 300E, Ford Thames 307E, Ford Thames 400E, Thames Trader, Thames Trader NC, Ford K-Series | 1931–2002, formerly principal Ford UK plant |
| Dagenham Stamping & Tooling | Dagenham | England, UK | Closed (2013)[15] | Body panels, wheels | ||
| DA/F (NA) | Dearborn Assembly Plant | Dearborn, Michigan | U.S. | Closed (2004) | Ford Model A Ford Model B Ford Model 48 1937 Ford 1941 Ford 1949 Ford 1952 Ford 1955 Ford 1957 Ford Mercury Eight Ford Fairlane (full-size) (1955-1961) Ford Thunderbird Ford Mustang Mercury Cougar 1967-1973 Mercury Capri Ford F-Series Fordson tractors |
Part of the River Rouge Complex. Replaced by Dearborn Truck Plant for 2005MY. This plant within the Rouge complex was demolished in 2008. |
| Dearborn Iron Foundry | Dearborn, Michigan | U.S. | Closed (1974) | Cast iron parts including engine blocks. | Part of the River Rouge Complex. Replaced by Michigan Casting Center in the early 1970s. | |
| H (AU) | Eagle Farm Assembly Plant | Eagle Farm (Brisbane), Queensland | Australia | Closed (1998) | Ford Falcon Ford Falcon Ute (including XY 4x4) Ford Fairlane Ford LTD Ford F-Series trucks Ford L-Series/Louisville/Aeromax trucks Ford Cargo Ford Trader |
Opened in 1926. Closed in 1998; demolished |
| ME/T (NA) | Edison Assembly | Edison, New Jersey | U.S. | 1948–2004 | Ford Ranger Ford Ranger EV Mazda B-Series Ford Escort Mercury Lynx Ford Mustang Mercury Cougar Ford Pinto Mercury Bobcat Ford Falcon Mercury Comet Mercury Custom Mercury Medalist Mercury Montclair Mercury Monterey Mercury Park Lane Mercury Turnpike Cruiser Mercury Meteor |
demolished in 2005. Also known as Metuchen Assembly. |
| Essex Aluminum | Windsor, Ontario | Canada | Closed (2012) | 3.8/4.2L V6 cylinder heads 4.6L, 5.4L V8 cylinder heads 6.8L V10 cylinder heads Pistons |
Opened 1981. Sold to Nemak Aluminum (a 25/75 joint venture between Ford & Nemak, which is 75.24% owned by Alfa Group of Mexico) in 2001; shuttered in 2009 except for the melting operation which closed in 2012. | |
| Fairfax Transmission | Fairfax, Ohio | U.S. | Closed (1979) | Ford-O-Matic/Merc-O-Matic/Lincoln Turbo-Drive Cruise-O-Matic (FX transmission) FMX transmission |
Located at 4000 Red Bank Road. Opened in 1950. Original Ford-O-Matic was a licensed design from the Warner Gear division of Borg-Warner. Also produced aircraft engine parts during the Korean War. Closed in 1979. Sold to Red Bank Distribution of Cincinnati in 1987. Transferred to Cincinnati Port Authority in 2006 after Cincinnati agreed not to sue the previous owner for environmental and general negligence. Redeveloped into Red Bank Village, a mixed-use commercial and office space complex, which opened in 2009 and includes a Wal-Mart. | |
| T | Fiat Tychy Assembly | Tychy | Poland | Ford production ended in 2016 | Ford Ka Fiat 500 |
Plant owned by Fiat. Production for Ford began in 2008. |
| Foden Trucks | Sandbach, Cheshire | England, UK | Ford production ended in 1984. Factory closed in 2000. | Ford Transcontinental | Foden Trucks plant. Produced for Ford after Ford closed Amsterdam plant. 504 units produced by Foden. | |
| Ford Malaysia Sdn. Bhd | Selangor | Malaysia | Closed | Ford Laser Ford Lynx Ford Telstar Ford Escape Ford Ranger Ford Econovan Ford Spectron Ford Trader BMW 3-Series E46, E90 BMW 5-Series E60 Land Rover Defender Land Rover Discovery |
Originally known as AMIM (Associated Motor Industries Malaysia) Holdings Sdn. Bhd. which was owned 30% by Ford from the early 1980s. Previously, Associated Motor Industries Malaysia had assembled for various automotive brands including Ford but was not owned by Ford. In 2000, Ford increased its stake to 49% and renamed the company Ford Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. The other 51% was owned by Tractors Malaysia Bhd., a subsidiary of Sime Darby Bhd. | |
| Ford Motor Company Lamp Factory | Flat Rock, Michigan | U.S. | Closed (1950) | Automotive lighting | Located at 26601 W. Huron River Drive. Opened in 1923. Also produced junction boxes for the B-24 bomber as well as lighting for military vehicles during World War II. Closed in 1950. Sold to Moynahan Bronze Company in 1950. Sold to Stearns Manufacturing in 1972. Leased in 1981 to Flat Rock Metal Inc., which later purchased the building. | |
| Ford Philippines, Inc. Assembly Plant | Sucat, Muntinlupa | Philippines | Closed (August 1984) | Ford Cortina Ford Escort Ford Taunus Ford Galaxie Ford LTD Ford Laser Ford Telstar American Ford trucks British Ford trucks Ford Fiera |
Plant opened 1968. | |
| Ford Philippines, Inc. Stamping Plant | Mariveles, Bataan | Philippines | Closed (August 1984) | Stampings | Plant opened 1976. | |
| Ford Motor Co. d’Italia | Trieste | Italy | Closed (1931) | Ford Model T Ford Model A Fordson tractors |
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| Ford Motor Company of Japan | Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture | Japan | Closed (1941) | Ford Model T Ford Model A 1932-1934 Ford Ford Model Y |
Founded in 1925. Factory was seized by Imperial Japanese Government. | |
| T | Ford Motor Company del Peru | Lima | Peru | Closed | Ford Mustang (first generation) Ford Galaxie Ford Taunus 17M Ford F-Series |
Opened in 1965.[16][17] |
| Ford Motor Company Philippines | Santa Rosa, Laguna | Philippines | Closed (December 2012) | Ford Lynx Ford Focus Mazda Protege Mazda 3 Ford Escape Mazda Tribute Ford Ranger |
Plant sold to Mitsubishi Motors | |
| Ford Motor Company Caribbean, Inc. | Canóvanas, Loíza | Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (U.S.) | Closed | Ball bearings | Plant opened in the 1960s. Constructed in land purchased from the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company. | |
| Ford Motor Co. Rhodesia (Pvt.) Ltd. | Willowvale, Salisbury (now Harare) | (Southern Rhodesia) / Rhodesia (colony) / Rhodesia (country) (now Zimbabwe) | Sold in 1967 to state-owned Industrial Development Corporation | Ford Fairlane Ford Fairlane Ford Falcon Ford F-100 Ford Galaxie Ford Anglia Ford Consul Ford Consul Classic Ford Corsair Ford Cortina Ford Zephyr Ford Zodiac Ford Thames 400E/800 Thames Trader Ford Taunus P3 Ford Taunus P5 Ford Taunus Transit Fordson Dexta tractors Fordson Super Major Deutz F1M 414 tractor |
Assembly began in 1961. Became Willowvale Motor Industries after the Ford sale. Became Willowvale Mazda Motor Industries from 1989 to 2014. Name went back to Willowvale Motor Industries in 2015. | |
| Ford Motor Co. (Singapore) | Bukit Timah | Singapore | Closed (1980) | Ford Anglia Ford Consul Ford Custom Ford Corsair Ford Cortina Ford Escort Ford Falcon Ford Granada Ford Prefect Ford Zephyr Ford Zodiac |
Originally known as Ford Motor Company of Malaya Ltd. & subsequently as Ford Motor Company of Malaysia. Factory was originally on Anson Road, then moved to Prince Edward Road in Jan. 1930 before moving to Bukit Timah Road in April 1941. Factory wa occupied by Japan from 1942 to 1945 during World War II. It was then used by British military authorities until April 1947 when it was returned to Ford. Production resumed in December 1947. | |
| Ford Motor Company of South Africa Ltd. Struandale Assembly Plant | Struandale, Port Elizabeth | South Africa | Sold to Delta Motor Corporation (later GM South Africa) in 1994 | Ford Model T Ford Model A Ford Falcon (North America) Ford Fairlane (Americas) Ford Galaxie Ford Ranchero (American) Ford Anglia Ford Prefect Ford Capri Ford Cortina Ford Cortina Pickup/P100/Ford 1-Tonner Ford Zephyr Ford Zodiac Ford Taunus P3 Ford Taunus (P5) 17M Ford (Taunus P7) 17M/20M Ford Granada Ford Fairmont/Fairmont GT (XW, XY) Ford Ranchero (Falcon Ute-based) (XT, XW, XY, XA, XB) Ford Fairlane (Australia) Ford Escort/XR3/XR3i Ford Bantam Ford Transit |
Ford first began production in South Africa in 1924 in a former wool store on Grahamstown Road in Port Elizabeth. Ford then moved to a larger location on Harrower Road in October 1930. In 1948, Ford moved again to a plant in Neave Township, Port Elizabeth. Struandale Assembly opened in 1974. Ford ended vehicle production in Port Elizabeth in December 1985, moving all vehicle production to SAMCOR's Silverton plant that had come from Sigma Motor Corp., the other partner in the SAMCOR merger. | |
| Ford Sollers Naberezhny Chelny Assembly Plant | Naberezhny Chelny | Russia | Closed (2019), JV with 50% owned by Sollers | Ford EcoSport Ford Fiesta |
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| Ford Sollers St. Petersburg Assembly Plant, previously Ford Motor Company ZAO | St. Petersburg | Russia | Closed (2019), JV with 50% owned by Sollers | Ford Focus Ford Mondeo |
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| Ford Sollers Yelabuga Assembly Plant | Yelabuga | Russia | Sold (2022). Originally a JV with 50% owned by Sollers. Restructured & renamed Sollers Ford in 2020 after Sollers increased its stake to 51% in 2019 with Ford owning 49%. Production suspended in 2022. | Ford Transit | Previously: Ford Explorer Ford Galaxy Ford Kuga Ford S-Max Ford Transit Custom Ford Tourneo Custom Ford Transit | |
| Ford Sollers Yelabuga Engine Plant | Yelabuga | Russia | Closed (2019), JV with 50% owned by Sollers | Ford 1.6L Duratec I4 | ||
| Ford Union | Obchuk | Belarus | Closed (2000) | Ford Escort, Escort Van Ford Transit |
Ford Union was a joint venture which was 51% owned by Ford, 23% owned by distributor Lada-OMC, & 26% owned by the Belarus government. Production began in 1997. | |
| Ford-Vairogs | Riga | Latvia | Closed (1940). Nationalized following Soviet invasion & takeover of Latvia. | Ford-Vairogs Junior Ford-Vairogs Taunus Ford-Vairogs V8 Standard Ford-Vairogs V8 De Luxe Ford-Vairogs V8 3-ton trucks Ford-Vairogs buses |
Produced vehicles under license from Ford's Copenhagen, Denmark division. Production began in 1937. | |
| Geelong Assembly | Norlane, Victoria | Australia | Closed | Ford Model T Ford Model A Ford Model Y Ford Model C Ten 1932-1934 Ford Ford Model 48/Model 68 1937-1940 Ford Mercury Eight (through 1948) Ford Prefect Ford Anglia 1941-1942 & 1946-1948 Ford Ford Pilot Ford Consul Ford Zephyr Ford Zodiac 1949-1951 Ford Custom Fordor/Coupe Utility/Deluxe Coupe Utility 1952-1954 Ford Customline sedan/Mainline Coupe Utility 1955-1956 Ford Customline sedan/Mainline Coupe Utility 1957-1959 Ford Custom 300/Fairlane 500/Ranch Wagon Ford Freighter/F-Series |
Production began in 1925 in a former wool storage warehouse in Geelong before moving to a new plant in the Geelong suburb that later became known as Norlane. Vehicle production later moved to Broadmeadows plant that opened in 1959. | |
| Geelong Aluminum Casting | Norlane, Victoria | Australia | Closed 2016 | Aluminum cylinder heads, intake manifolds, and structural oil pans | Opened 1986. | |
| Geelong Iron Casting | Norlane, Victoria | Australia | Closed 2016 | I6 engine blocks, camshafts, crankshafts, exhaust manifolds, bearing caps, disc brake rotors and flywheels | Opened 1972. | |
| Geelong Chassis Components | Norlane, Victoria | Australia | Closed 2004 | Parts - Machine cylinder heads, suspension arms and brake rotors | Opened 1983. | |
| Geelong Engine | Norlane, Victoria | Australia | Closed 2016 | Ford 302 & 351 Cleveland V8 Ford Australia Falcon I6 Ford Australia Barra I6 |
Opened 1926. | |
| Geelong Stamping | Norlane, Victoria | Australia | Closed 2016 | Ford Falcon/Futura/Fairmont body panels Ford Falcon Utility body panels Ford Territory body panels |
Opened 1926. Previously: Ford Fairlane body panels Ford LTD body panels Ford Capri body panels Ford Cortina body panels Welded subassemblies and steel press tools | |
| B (EU) | Genk Body & Assembly | Genk | Belgium | Closed in 2014 | Ford Mondeo Ford S-MAX Ford Galaxy |
Opened in 1964. Previously: Ford Taunus P4 Ford Taunus P5 Ford Taunus P6 Ford Taunus P7 Ford Taunus TC Ford Anglia Torino Ford Escort Ford Sierra Ford Transit |
| GETRAG FORD Transmissions Bordeaux Transaxle Plant | Blanquefort | France | Sold to Getrag/Magna Powertrain in 2021 | Ford BC4/BC5 transmission Ford iB5 transmission (5MTT170/5MTT200) Ford Durashift-EST(iB5-ASM/5MTT170-ASM) MX65 transmission CTX CVT |
Opened in 1976. Became a joint venture with Getrag in 2001. Joint Venture: 50% Ford Motor Company / 50% Getrag Transmission. Joint venture dissolved in 2021 and this plant was kept by Getrag, which was taken over by Magna Powertrain in 2015. | |
| Green Island Plant | Green Island, New York | U.S. | Closed (1989) | Radiators, springs | 1922–1989, demolished in 2004 | |
| E (NA) | Halewood Body & Assembly | Halewood, Merseyside | England, UK | Sold (2008) | Ford Anglia, Ford Corsair, Ford Escort, Ford Capri, Ford Orion, Jaguar X-Type, Land Rover Freelander 2 / LR2 | 1963–2008. Ford assembly ended 2000, then transferred to Jaguar/Land Rover. Sold to Tata Group with Jaguar/Land Rover business |
| Hamilton Plant | Hamilton, Ohio | U.S. | Closed (1950) | Fordson tractors/tractor components Wheels for cars like Model T & Model A Locks and lock parts Radius rods Running Boards |
Opened in 1920. Factory used hydroelectric power. Switched from tractors to auto parts less than 6 months after production began. Also made parts for bomber engines during World War II. Plant closed in 1950. Sold to Bendix Aviation Corporation in 1951. Bendix closed the plant in 1962 and sold it in 1963 to Ward Manufacturing Co., which made camping trailers there. In 1975, it was sold to Chem-Dyne Corp., which used it for chemical waste storage & disposal. Demolished around 1981 as part of a Federal Superfund cleanup of the site. | |
| Heimdalsgade Assembly | Heimdalsgade street, Nørrebro district, Copenhagen | Denmark | Closed (1924) | Ford Model T | 1919–1924. Was replaced by, at the time, Europe's most modern Ford-plant, "Sydhavnen Assembly". | |
| HM/H (NA) | Highland Park Plant | Highland Park, Michigan | U.S. | Sold (1981) | Ford Model T Ford F-Series Fordson tractors and tractor components |
Model T production from 1910 to 1927. Continued to make automotive trim parts after 1927. One of the first 2 Ford plants to build the F-Series, beginning November 27, 1947 (other was Richmond, California). Ford Motor Company's third American factory. First automobile factory in history to utilize a moving assembly line (implemented October 7, 1913). Also made Sherman M4A3 tanks during World War II. |
| K (AU) | Homebush Assembly Plant | Homebush (Sydney), NSW | Australia | Closed 1994 | Ford Escort Mk. 1 & 2 Ford Capri Mk.1 Ford Fairlane (1962-1964) Ford Galaxie (1965-1968) Ford Laser Ford Meteor Ford Transit Ford Mustang (conversion to right hand drive) |
Opened in 1936, closed in September 1994 |
| H (SA) | Horizonte (Troller Veículos Especiais) | Horizonte, Ceará | Brazil | Acquired in 2007; operated until 2021. Closed (2021).[5] | Troller T4, Troller Pantanal | |
| Hyundai Ulsan Plant | Ulsan | South Korea | Ford production ended in 1985. Licensing agreement with Ford ended. | Ford Cortina Mk2-Mk5 Ford P7 Ford Granada MkII Ford D-750/D-800 Ford R-182 |
Hyundai Motor began by producing Ford models under license. Replaced by self developed Hyundai models. | |
| IMMSA | Monterrey, Nuevo Leon | Mexico | Closed (2000). Agreement with Ford ended. | Ford M450 motorhome chassis | Replaced by Detroit Chassis LLC plant. | |
| Indianapolis Steering Systems Plant | Indianapolis, IN | U.S. | 1957–2011, demolished in 2017 | Steering columns, Steering gears | Spun off as part of Visteon in 2000. Taken back by Ford in 2005 as part of Automotive Components Holdings LLC. Closed in 2011. Demolished in 2017. | |
| Industrias Chilenas de Automotores SA (Chilemotores) | Arica | Chile | Closed c.1969 | Ford Falcon | Opened 1964. Was a 50/50 joint venture between Ford and Bolocco & Cia. Replaced by Ford's 100% owned Casablanca, Chile plant.[18] | |
| Inokom | Kulim, Kedah | Malaysia | Ford production ended 2016 | Ford Transit | Plant owned by Inokom | |
| D | Ipiranga Assembly | Ipiranga, São Paulo | Brazil | Closed (2000) | CKD, Tractor, Ford F-Series, Ford Galaxie, Ford Landau, Ford LTD, Ford Cargo Trucks, Ford B-1618 & B-1621 bus chassis, Ford B12000 school bus chassis, VW Delivery, VW Worker, VW L80, VW Volksbus 16.180 CO bus chassis | Part of Autolatina venture with VW from 1987 to 1996. |
| Ipiranga Engine | Ipiranga, São Paulo | Brazil | Closed | Ford 272 Y-block V8, Ford 292 Y-block V8 | ||
| Istanbul Assembly | Tophane, Istanbul | Turkey | Production stopped in 1934 as a result of great depression. Then handled spare parts & service for existing cars. Closed entirely in 1944. | Ford Model A 1932 Ford |
Opened 1929. | |
| Jaguar Browns Lane plant | Coventry, West Midlands | England, UK | Closed (2007) | Jaguar XJ Jaguar XJ-S Jaguar XK8/XKR (X100) Daimler six-cylinder sedan (XJ40) Daimler Six (X300) Daimler Double Six Daimler Eight/Super V8 (X308) Daimler Super Eight (X350/X356) |
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| Jaguar Castle Bromwich Assembly | Castle Bromwich, West Midlands | England, UK | Sold (2008) | Jaguar S-Type Jaguar XF (X250) Jaguar XJ (X356/X358) Jaguar XJ (X351) Jaguar XK (X150) Daimler Super Eight Painted bodies for models made at Browns Lane |
Sold to Tata Motors in 2008 as part of sale of Jaguar Land Rover. | |
| Jaguar Radford Engine | Radford, West Midlands | England, UK | Closed (1997) | Jaguar AJ6 engine Jaguar V12 engine Axles |
Originally a Daimler site. | |
| K (EU) / M | Karmann Rheine Assembly | Rheine, North Rhine-Westphalia | Germany | Closed in 2008 (Ford production ended in 1997) | Ford Escort Convertible Ford Escort RS Cosworth Merkur XR4Ti |
Plant owned by Karmann |
| Kechnec Transmission (Getrag Ford Transmissions) | Kechnec, Košice Region | Slovakia | Sold to Getrag/Magna Powertrain in 2019 | Ford MPS6 transmissions Ford SPS6 transmissions |
Ford/Getrag dual clutch transmission "Powershift", (Getrag Ford Transmissions) | |
| 6 | Kia Sohari Plant | Gwangmyeong | South Korea | Ford production ended (2000) | Ford Festiva Ford Aspire |
Plant owned by Kia. |
| La Boca Assembly | La Boca, Buenos Aires | Argentina | Closed (1961) | Ford Model T Ford Model A 1932 Ford 1941 Ford Ford F-Series (Gen 3) Ford B-600 bus Ford F-Series (Early Gen 4) |
Replaced by the General Pacheco plant in 1961. | |
| F | La Villa Assembly | La Villa, Mexico City | Mexico | Closed (1984) | 1932 Ford Ford Anglia Ford Consul Ford Taunus Ford Falcon Ford Falcon Maverick Ford Fairmont/Elite II Ford Galaxie Ford LTD Ford Thunderbird Ford Mustang Ford Mustang II |
Replaced San Lazaro plant. Opened 1932.[19] |
| A | Land Rover Solihull Assembly | Solihull, West Midlands | England, UK | Sold (2008) | Land Rover Defender Land Rover Discovery Land Rover Freelander Land Rover LR3 Land Rover LR4 Land Rover Range Rover Land Rover Range Rover Sport |
Sold to Tata Motors in 2008 as part of sale of Jaguar Land Rover. |
| C (EU) | Langley Assembly | Langley, Slough | England, UK | Sold/closed (1986/1997) | Ford Transit and Ford A series vans; Ford D-Series and Ford Cargo trucks; Ford R-Series bus/coach chassis | 1949–1986. Former Hawker aircraft factory. Sold to Iveco, closed 1997. |
| Leamington Foundry | Leamington Spa, Warwickshire | England, UK | Closed (2007) | Castings including brake drums and discs, differential gear cases, flywheels, hubs and exhaust manifolds | Opened in 1940, closed in July 2007. Demolished 2012. | |
| Lincoln Motor Company Plant | Detroit, Michigan | U.S. | Closed (1952); Most buildings demolished in 2002-2003 | Lincoln L series Lincoln K series Lincoln Custom Lincoln-Zephyr Lincoln EL-series Lincoln Cosmopolitan Lincoln Capri (1952 only) Lincoln Continental (retroactively Mark I) |
Located at 6200 West Warren Avenue at corner of Livernois. Built before Lincoln was part of Ford Motor Co. Ford kept some offices here after production ended in 1952. Sold to Detroit Edison in 1955. Eventually replaced by Wixom Assembly plant. Mostly demolished in 2002–2003. | |
| LA | Los Angeles Branch Assembly Plant | Los Angeles, CA | U.S. | Operated from 1914 to 1930 | Original Los Angeles plant: Ford Model T. Ford Model A. |
Now the headquarters of Warner Music Group. |
| J | Los Angeles Assembly | Pico Rivera, California | U.S. | Operated from 1957 to 1980 | ||
| L | Long Beach Assembly | Long Beach, California | U.S. | Operated from 1930 to 1958 | ||
| H (NA) | Lorain Assembly | Lorain, Ohio | U.S. | Operated from 1958 to 2005 | Ford Econoline | Operations transferred to Avon Lake. Previously: Ford Galaxie Ford Ranchero Ford Falcon Mercury Comet Ford Fairlane Ford Torino Mercury Montego Mercury Cyclone Ford LTD II Ford Elite Ford Thunderbird Mercury Cougar Ford F-Series Mercury Econoline pickup |
| Mack Avenue Plant | Detroit, Michigan | U.S. | Burned down (1941) | Original Model As | 1903–1904. Ford Motor Company's first factory (rented). An imprecise replica of the building is located at The Henry Ford. | |
| E | Mahwah Assembly | Mahwah, New Jersey | U.S. | Operated from 1955 to 1980 | Last vehicles produced: Ford Fairmont Mercury Zephyr |
Ford F-Series 1955 Ford 1957 Ford Edsel Pacer Edsel Ranger Ford Galaxie Ford LTD Ford Granada Mercury Monarch Lincoln Versailles |
| Manukau Alloy Wheel | Manukau, Auckland | New Zealand | Sold (2001) | Aluminum wheels and cross members | Established 1981. Sold in 2001 to Argent Metals Technology | |
| Matford | Strasbourg | France | Closed | Mathis cars Matford V8 cars Matford trucks |
Matford was a joint venture 60% owned by Ford and 40% owned by French automaker Mathis. Replaced by Ford's own Poissy plant after Matford was dissolved. | |
| Maumee Stamping | Maumee, Ohio | U.S. | Closed (2007) | body panels | Closed in 2007 sold and reopened as independent stamping plant | |
| MAVAG | Budapest | Hungary | Closed (1939) | Ford Eifel Ford V8 Ford G917T |
Opened 1938. Produced under license from Ford Germany. MAVAG was nationalized in 1946. | |
| Maywood Assembly | Maywood, California | U.S. | Operated from 1948 to 1957 | Mercury Eight, Mercury Custom, Mercury Montclair, Mercury Monterey, Lincoln EL-series, Lincoln Cosmopolitan, Lincoln Premiere, Lincoln Capri | Across the street from the Chrysler Los Angeles Assembly plant. | |
| 0 | Mazda Hiroshima Assembly | Hiroshima, Hiroshima Prefecture | Japan | Ford production ended. Ford no longer owns a stake in Mazda. | Ford Courier Ford Freda Ford Econovan/Econowagon/Spectron Ford Raider Ford Trader |
Plant owned by Mazda. |
| 1 | Mazda Hofu Assembly | Hofu, Yamaguchi Prefecture | Japan | Ford production ended. Ford no longer owns a stake in Mazda. | Ford Laser Ford Telstar |
Plant owned by Mazda. |
| Metcon Casting (Metalurgica Constitución S.A.) | Villa Constitución, Santa Fe Province | Argentina | Sold to Paraná Metal SA | Parts - Iron castings | Originally opened in 1957. Bought by Ford in 1967. | |
| Monroe Stamping Plant | Monroe, Michigan | U.S. | Closed as a factory in 2008. Now a Ford warehouse. | Coil springs, wheels, stabilizer bars, catalytic converters, headlamp housings, and bumpers. Chrome Plating (1956-1982) | Originally built by Newton Steel around 1929 and subsequently owned by Alcoa and Kelsey-Hayes Wheel Co. Bought by Ford in 1949 and opened in 1950. Spun off as part of Visteon in 2000. Taken back by Ford in 2005 as part of Automotive Components Holdings LLC. Closed in 2008. Sold to parent Ford Motor Co. in 2009. Converted into Ford River Raisin Warehouse. | |
| Montevideo Assembly | Montevideo | Uruguay | Closed (1985) | Ford Escort Ford Falcon Ford F-Series Ford D series |
Plant was on Calle Cuaró. Opened 1920. Ford Uruguay S.A. | |
| H | Multimatic Markham Assembly | Markham, Ontario | Canada | Closed with the end of Ford GT production (2022) | Ford GT | Plant owned by Multimatic |
| Nissan Motor Australia | Clayton, Victoria | Australia | Closed (1992) | Ford Corsair (UA) Nissan Pintara Nissan Skyline |
Plant owned by Nissan. Ford production was part of the Button Plan. | |
| NK/NR/N | Norfolk Assembly | Norfolk, Virginia | U.S. | Operated from 1925 to 2007 | Ford F-Series | |
| Ford Valve Plant | Northville, Michigan | U.S. | Closed (1981) | Engine valves for cars and tractors | Located at 235 East Main Street. Previously a gristmill purchased by Ford in 1919 that was reconfigured to make engine valves from 1920 to 1936. Replaced with a new purpose-built structure designed by Albert Kahn in 1936 which includes a waterwheel. Closed in 1981. Later used as a manufacturing plant by R&D Enterprises from 1994 to 2005 to make heat exchangers. Known today as the Water Wheel Centre, a commercial space that includes design firms and a fitness club. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. | |
| C (NA) | Ontario Truck | Oakville, Ontario | Canada | Closed (2004) | Ford F-Series Ford F-150 Lightning SVT |
Opened 1965. Previously: Mercury M-Series |
| OSI | Turin | Italy | Closed (1967) | Ford Anglia Torino OSI-Ford 20 M TS |
Plant owned by OSI | |
| Ford Otosan Assembly | Istanbul | Turkey | Closed (2001) | Ford Consul Ford Escort Ford Taunus Ford Transit Ford F-600 Ford Cargo Ford D series Ford Thames 800 Thames Trader Otosan P100 Anadol |
Opened 1960. | |
| Pacheco Truck Assembly and Painting Plant | General Pacheco, Buenos Aires Province | Argentina | Transferred to VW when Autolatina dissolved (1996) | Ford F-100/F-150 Ford F-250/F-350/F-400/F-4000 Ford F-600/F-6000/F-700/F-7000 |
Opened in 1982. Part of Autolatina venture with VW from 1987 to 1996. VW kept this side of the Pacheco plant when Autolatina dissolved and converted it to car production. VW has since then used this plant for Amarok pickup truck production. | |
| U (EU) | Pininfarina Bairo Assembly | Bairo | Italy | Closed (2010) | Ford Focus Coupe-Cabriolet Ford StreetKa |
Plant owned by Pininfarina |
| Piquette Avenue Plant | Detroit, Michigan | U.S. | Sold (1911), reopened as a museum (2001) | Models B, C, F, K, N, R, S, and T | 1904–1910. Ford Motor Company's second American factory (first owned). Concept of a moving assembly line experimented with and developed here before being fully implemented at Highland Park plant. Birthplace of the Model T (September 27, 1908). Sold to Studebaker in 1911. Sold to 3M in 1936. Sold to Cadillac Overall Company, a work clothes supplier, in 1968. Owned by Heritage Investment Company from 1989 to 2000. Sold to the Model T Automotive Heritage Complex in April 2000. Run as a museum since July 27, 2001. Oldest car factory building on Earth open to the general public. The Piquette Avenue Plant was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002, designated as a Michigan State Historic Site in 2003, and became a National Historic Landmark in 2006. The building has also been a contributing property for the surrounding Piquette Avenue Industrial Historic District since 2004. The factory's front façade was fully restored to its 1904 appearance and revealed to the public on September 27, 2008, the 100th anniversary of the completion of the first production Model T. | |
| Plonsk Assembly | Plonsk | Poland | Closed (2000) | Ford Escort Ford Transit |
Opened in 1995. | |
| Poissy Assembly (now the Stellantis Poissy Plant) | Poissy | France | Sold in 1954 to Simca | Ford F-472/F-472A (13CV) & F-998A (22CV) Ford Vedette Ford Abeille Ford Vendôme Ford Comète Ford F-198 T/F-598 T/F-698 W/Cargo F798WM/Remorqueur trucks French Ford based Simca models: Simca Vedette Simca Ariane Simca Miramas Simca Comète |
Ford France including the Poissy plant and all current and upcoming French Ford models was sold to Simca in 1954 and Ford took a 15.2% stake in Simca. In 1958, Ford sold its stake in Simca to Chrysler. In 1963, Chrysler increased their stake in Simca to a controlling 64% by purchasing stock from Fiat, and they subsequently extended that holding further to 77% in 1967. In 1970, Chrysler increased its stake in Simca to 99.3% and renamed it Chrysler France. In 1978, Chrysler sold its entire European operations including Simca to PSA Peugeot-Citroën and Chrysler Europe's models were rebranded as Talbot. Talbot production at Poissy ended in 1986 and the Talbot brand was phased out. Poissy went on to produce Peugeot and Citroën models. Poissy has therefore, over the years, produced vehicles for the following brands: Ford, Simca, Chrysler, Talbot, Peugeot, Citroën, DS Automobiles, Opel, and Vauxhall. Opel and Vauxhall are included due to their takeover by PSA Group in 2017 from General Motors. | |
| Recife Assembly | Recife, Pernambuco | Brazil | Closed | Ford Model T Ford Model A |
Opened 1925. Brazilian branch assembly plant. | |
| Renault Australia | Heidelberg, Victoria | Australia | Factory closed in 1981 | Ford Cortina wagon | Assembled by Renault Australia under a 3-year contract to Ford Australia beginning in 1977. | |
| Ford Română S.A.R. | Bucharest | Romania | Closed | Ford Model 48/Model 68 (1935-1936) Ford Model 74/78/81A/82A/91A/92A/01A/02A (1937-1940) Mercury Eight (1939-1940) |
Production ended in 1940 due to World War II. The factory then did repair work only. The factory was nationalized by the Communist Romanian government in 1948. | |
| Romeo Engine | Romeo, Michigan | U.S. | Closed | Ford 6.2 L Boss V8 Ford 5.2 L V8 |
Made Ford tractors and engines, parts, and farm implements for tractors from 1973 until 1988. Reopened in 1990 making the Modular V8. | |
| San Lazaro Assembly Plant | San Lazaro, Mexico City | Mexico | Operated 1925-c.1932 | Ford Model T, Ford Model A | First auto plant in Mexico opened in 1925. Replaced by La Villa plant in 1932. | |
| Sanand Vehicle Assembly Plant | Sanand, Gujarat | India | Closed (2021)[11] Sold to Tata Motors in 2022. | Ford Figo Ford Figo Aspire Ford Freestyle |
Opened March 2015[20] | |
| Santiago Exposition Street Plant
(Planta Calle Exposición 1258) |
Calle Exposición, Santiago, Chile | Chile | Operated 1924-c.1962 | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1941 Ford, 1949 Ford, Ford F-Series | First plant opened in Chile in 1924.[18] | |
| B (SA) | São Bernardo Assembly | São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo (state) | Brazil | Closed Oct. 30, 2019 & Sold 2020 [22] | Ford Fiesta Ford Cargo Trucks Ford F-Series |
Originally the Willys-Overland do Brazil plant. Bought by Ford in 1967. Part of Autolatina venture with VW from 1987 to 1996. No more Cargo Trucks produced in Brazil since 2019. Sold to Construtora São José Desenvolvimento Imobiliária. Previously: Ford Aero Ford Belina Ford Corcel Ford Del Rey Ford Itamaraty Ford Jeep Ford Rural Ford F-75 Ford Maverick Ford Pampa Ford Courier Ford Ka (BE146 & B402) Ford Escort Ford Orion Ford Verona Volkswagen Apollo Volkswagen Logus Volkswagen Pointer Ford tractors |
| São Paulo city assembly plants | São Paulo, São Paulo (state) | Brazil | Closed | Ford Model T Ford Model A 1932 Ford Ford tractors |
First plant opened in 1919 on Rua Florêncio de Abreu, in São Paulo. Moved to a larger plant in Praça da República in São Paulo in 1920. Then moved to an even larger plant on Rua Solon, in the Bom Retiro neighborhood of São Paulo in 1921. Replaced by Ipiranga plant in 1953. | |
| L (NZ) | Seaview Assembly Plant | Lower Hutt | New Zealand | Closed (1988) | Ford Model 68 1937 Ford Model 78 Ford Model Y Ford Model C Ten Ford 7W Ford Anglia Ford Prefect Ford Consul Classic 315 Ford Consul Ford Zephyr Ford Zodiac Ford Pilot Ford Custom V8 Fordor Ford Escort Ford Cortina Ford Sierra wagon Ford Telstar Ford Falcon Ford Thames 400E Ford Transit Fordson Major tractors |
Opened in 1936, closed in 1988 |
| S (EU) | Autoeuropa | Setúbal | Portugal | Sold to Volkswagen in 1999 | Ford Galaxy (1995–2006) Volkswagen Sharan SEAT Alhambra |
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| Sheffield Aluminum Casting Plant | Sheffield, Alabama | U.S. | Closed (1983) | Die cast parts pistons transmission cases |
Opened in 1958, closed in December 1983. Demolished 2008. | |
| Southampton Body & Assembly | Southampton | England, UK | Closed (2013)[15] | Ford Transit van | Former Supermarine aircraft factory, acquired 1953. Built Ford vans 1972 – July 2013 | |
| Z | St. Louis Assembly | Hazelwood, MO | U.S. | 1948-2006 | Ford Explorer Mercury Mountaineer Lincoln Aviator |
Demolished in 2009. |
| X (NA) | St. Thomas Assembly | Talbotville, Ontario | Canada | Closed (2011)[23] | Ford Crown Victoria Lincoln Town Car (2008-2011) Mercury Grand Marquis Mercury Marauder |
Opened in 1967. Previously: Ford Falcon Ford Maverick Ford Pinto Mercury Bobcat Ford Fairmont Mercury Zephyr Ford Escort Mercury Lynx Ford EXP Mercury LN7 |
| Stockholm Assembly | Free Port area (Frihamnen in Swedish), Stockholm | Sweden | Closed (1957) | Ford Consul Ford Prefect Ford Vedette Ford trucks |
||
| 5 | Swedish Motor Assemblies | Kuala Lumpur | Malaysia | Sold 2010 | Volvo S40 Volvo V40 Volvo V50 Volvo S60 Volvo S70 Volvo S80 Volvo V70 Volvo XC90 Land Rover Defender Land Rover Discovery Land Rover Freelander |
Also built Volvo trucks and buses. Used to do contract assembly for other automakers including Suzuki and Daihatsu. Volvo Cars was sold to Geely Holding Group in 2010. |
| Sydhavnen Assembly | Sydhavnen district, Copenhagen | Denmark | Closed (1966) | Ford Model T Ford Model A 1932 Ford Ford Junior Ford Junior De Luxe Ford Eifel Ford Taunus Ford Anglia Ford Thames 400E |
1924–1966. 325,482 vehicles were built. Plant was then converted into a tractor assembly plant for Ford Industrial Equipment Co. Tractor plant closed in the mid-1970's. Administration & depot building next to assembly plant was used until 1991 when depot for remote storage closed & offices moved to Glostrup. Assembly plant building stood until 2006 when it was demolished. | |
| Taubate Engine & Transmission & Chassis Plant | Taubaté, São Paulo, Av. Charles Schnneider, 2222 | Brazil | Closed 2021[5] & Sold 05.18.2022 | Ford Pinto/Lima 2.3L I4 Ford Zetec RoCam engine Ford Sigma engine 1.5L Ti-VCT Dragon 3-cyl. iB5 5-speed manual transmission MX65 5-speed manual transmission aluminum casting Chassis components |
Opened in 1974. Sold to Construtora São José Desenvolvimento Imobiliária https://construtorasaojose.com[24] | |
| Thai Motor Co. | ? | Thailand | Closed | Ford Cortina |
Factory was a joint venture between Ford UK & Ford's Thai distributor, Anglo-Thai Motors Company. Taken over by Ford in 1973 when it was renamed Ford Thailand, closed in 1976 when Ford left Thailand. | |
| 4 | Thai-Swedish Assembly Co. Ltd. | Samutprakarn | Thailand | Plant no longer used by Volvo Cars. Sold to Volvo AB in 2011. Production consolidated to Malaysia plant. | Volvo 200 Series Volvo 940 Volvo S40/V40 Volvo S70 Volvo S60 Volvo S80 Volvo V70 Volvo XC90 Land Rover Freelander Volvo Trucks Volvo Buses |
Was 56% owned by Volvo and 44% owned by Swedish Motor. Volvo Cars was sold in 2010. |
| J (NA) | TH!NK Nordic AS | Aurskog | Norway | Sold (2003) | Ford Think City | Sold to Kamkorp Microelectronics as of February 1, 2003 |
| Tlalnepantla Tool & Die | Tlalnepantla, Mexico State | Mexico | Closed 1985 | Tooling for vehicle production | Was previously a Studebaker-Packard assembly plant. Bought by Ford in 1962 and converted into a tool & die plant. Operations transferred to Cuautitlan at the end of 1985. | |
| Ford Trafford Park Factory | Trafford Park | England, UK | Closed | Ford Model T, Ford Model A | 1911–1931, formerly principal Ford UK plant. Produced Rolls-Royce Merlin aircraft engines during World War II. | |
| Transax, S.A. | Córdoba, Córdoba Province | Argentina | Transferred to VW when Autolatina dissolved (1996) | Transmissions Axles |
Bought by Ford in 1967 from IKA. Part of Autolatina venture with VW from 1987 to 1996. VW kept this plant when Autolatina dissolved. VW has since then used this plant for transmission production. | |
| P | Twin Cities Assembly Plant | St. Paul, MN | U.S. | Operated from 1925 to 2011 | Ford Ranger Mazda B-Series |
|
| Volkswagen São Bernardo Assembly (Anchieta) | São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo (state) | Brazil | Returned to VW do Brazil when Autolatina dissolved in 1996 | Ford Versailles/Ford Galaxy (Argentina) Ford Royale Volkswagen Santana Volkswagen Quantum |
Part of Autolatina venture between Ford and VW from 1987 to 1996. | |
| J | Volvo AutoNova Plant | Uddevalla | Sweden | Sold to Pininfarina Sverige AB | Volvo C70 | AutoNova was originally a 49/51 joint venture between Volvo & TWR. Restructured into Pininfarina Sverige AB, a new joint venture with Pininfarina to build the 2nd generation C70. |
| 2 | Volvo Ghent Plant | Ghent | Belgium | Sold | Volvo C30 Volvo S40 Volvo S60 Volvo S70 Volvo V40 Volvo V50 Volvo V70 Volvo XC70 Volvo XC60 |
Sold as part of sale of Volvo Cars to Geely |
| F | Volvo Nedcar Plant | Born | Netherlands | Sold (2001) | Volvo S40 Volvo V40 Mitsubishi Carisma Mitsubishi Space Star |
Taken over by Mitsubishi Motors in 2001, and later by VDL Groep in 2012, when it became VDL Nedcar. Volvo production ended in 2004. |
| J | Volvo Pininfarina Sverige Plant | Uddevalla | Sweden | Closed by Volvo after the Geely takeover | Volvo C70 | Pininfarina Sverige was a 40/60 joint venture between Volvo & Pininfarina. Sold by Ford as part of sale of Volvo Cars to Geely in 2010. Volvo bought back Pininfarina's shares in 2013 and closed the Uddevalla plant after C70 production ended later in 2013. |
| Volvo Skövde Engine Plant | Skövde | Sweden | Sold | Volvo Modular engine Volvo D5 engine PSA/Ford-based 2.0/2.2 diesel I4 |
Sold as part of sale of Volvo Cars to Geely | |
| 1 | Volvo Torslanda Plant | Torslanda | Sweden | Sold | Volvo S60 Volvo S70 Volvo S80 Volvo V60 Volvo V70 Volvo XC70 Volvo XC90 |
Sold as part of sale of Volvo Cars to Geely |
| Vulcan Forge | Dearborn, Michigan | U.S. | Closed (2003) | Connecting rods and rod cap forgings | ||
| H (NA) | Walkerville Plant | Windsor, Ontario (Walkerville was taken over by Windsor in Sept. 1929) | Canada | Closed (1953) and vacant land next to Detroit River (Fleming Channel). Replaced by Oakville Assembly. | Ford Model C Ford Model N Ford Model K Ford Model T Ford Model A 1932 Ford Ford Model 48 1937 Ford 1941 Ford 1946-1947 Mercury trucks 1949 Ford 1952 Ford Meteor Monarch Ford F-Series Mercury M-Series |
1904–1953. First factory to produce Ford cars outside the USA (via Ford Motor Company of Canada, a separate company from Ford at the time). |
| Walton Hills Stamping | Walton Hills, Ohio | U.S. | Closed Winter 2014 | Body panels | ||
| Willowvale Motor Industries | Willowvale, Harare | Zimbabwe | Ford production ended. | Ford Laser Mazda 323 Mazda Rustler Mazda B series Mazda T3500 |
Assembly began in 1961 as Ford of Rhodesia. Became Willowvale Motor Industries after the Ford sale to the state-owned Industrial Development Corporation. Became Willowvale Mazda Motor Industries from 1989 to 2014. Name went back to Willowvale Motor Industries in 2015. | |
| Windsor Aluminum | Windsor, Ontario | Canada | Sold | Duratec V6 engine blocks Ford 3.9L V8 engine blocks Ford Modular engine blocks |
Opened 1992. Sold to Nemak Aluminum (a 25/75 joint venture between Ford & Nemak, which is 75.24% owned by Alfa Group of Mexico) in 2001. Subsequently produced engine blocks for GM. Production ended in September 2020. | |
| Windsor Casting | Windsor, Ontario | Canada | Closed (2007) | Engine parts: Cylinder blocks, crankshafts | Opened 1934. | |
| Y (NA) | Wixom Assembly Plant | Wixom, Michigan | U.S. | Idle (2007); torn down (2013) | Lincoln Continental Lincoln Mark series (Mark III - Mark VIII) Lincoln Town Car Lincoln LS Ford GT Ford Thunderbird Ford GT40 MKIV Lincoln Capri 1960 Lincoln Lincoln Premiere Lincoln Continental Mark III/IV/V |
Demolished in 2012. |
| Ypsilanti Plant | Ypsilanti, Michigan | U.S. | Sold | Starters Starter Assemblies Alternators ignition coils distributors horns struts air conditioner clutches bumper shock devices |
Located at 128 Spring St. Originally owned by Ford Motor Company, it then became a Visteon Plant when Visteon was spun off in 2000, and later turned into an Automotive Components Holdings Plant in 2005. It is said that Henry Ford used to walk this factory when he acquired it in 1932. The Ypsilanti Plant was closed in 2009. Demolished in 2010. The UAW Local was Local 849. |
Former branch assembly plants
| VIN | Name | City/state | Country | Status | Former Address | Products | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A/AA | Atlanta Assembly Plant (Poncey-Highland) | Poncey-Highland, Georgia | U.S. | Operated 1915-1942 | Originally 465 Ponce de Leon Ave. but was renumbered as 699 Ponce de Leon Ave. in 1926. | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford, 1941 Ford | Southeast USA headquarters and assembly operations from 1915 to 1942. Assembly ceased in 1932 but resumed in 1937. Sold to US War Dept. in 1942. Replaced by new plant in Atlanta suburb of Hapeville (Atlanta Assembly), which opened in 1947. Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Sold in 1979 and redeveloped into mixed retail/residential complex called Ford Factory Square/Ford Factory Lofts. |
| BO/BF/B | Buffalo Branch Assembly Plant | Buffalo, NY | U.S. | Original location operated from 1913 - 1915. 2nd location operated from 1915 – 1931. 3rd location operated from 1931 - 1958. | Originally located at Kensington Ave. and Eire Railroad. Moved to 2495 Main St. at Rodney in December 1915. Moved to 901 Fuhmann Boulevard in 1931. | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford, 1941 Ford, 1949 Ford, 1952 Ford, 1955 Ford, 1957 Ford, Ford F-Series | Assembly ceased in January 1933 but resumed in 1934. Operations moved to Lorain, Ohio. 2495 Main St. is now the Tri-Main Center. Previously made diesel engines for the Navy and Bell Aircraft Corporation, was used by Bell Aircraft to design and construct America's first jet engine warplane, and made windshield wipers for Trico Products Co. 901 Fuhmann Boulevard used as a port terminal by Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority after Ford sold the property. |
| Burnaby Assembly Plant | Burnaby, BC | Canada | Operated from 1938 to 1960 | Was located at 4600 Kingsway | 1937 Ford, 1941 Ford, 1949 Ford, 1952 Ford, 1955 Ford, 1957 Ford | Building demolished in 1988 to build Station Square | |
| Cambridge Branch Assembly Plant | Cambridge, MA | U.S. | Operated from 1914 to 1926 | 640 Memorial Dr. and Cottage Farm Bridge | Ford Model T | Had the first vertically integrated assembly line in the world. Replaced by Somerville plant in 1926. Renovated, currently home to Boston Biomedical. | |
| CE | Charlotte Branch Assembly Plant | Charlotte, NC | U.S. | Operated 1914-1933 | 222 North Tryon then moved to 210 E. Sixth St. in 1916 and again to 1920 Statesville Ave in 1924 | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Closed in March 1933, Used by Douglas Aircraft to assemble missiles for the U.S. Army between 1955 and 1964, sold to Atco Properties in 2017[25] |
| Chicago Branch Assembly Plant | Chicago, Illinois | U.S. | Opened in 1914 Moved to current location on 12600 S Torrence Ave. in 1924 |
3915 Wabash Avenue | Ford Model T | Replaced by current Chicago Assembly Plant on Torrence Ave. in 1924. | |
| CI | Cincinnati Branch Assembly Plant | Cincinnati, OH | U.S. | Operated 1915-1938 | 660 Lincoln Ave | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford | Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989, renovated 2002, currently owned by Cincinnati Children's Hospital. |
| CL/CLE/CLEV | Cleveland Branch Assembly Plant[26] | Cleveland, OH | U.S. | Operated 1915-1932 | 11610 Euclid Ave. | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, renovated, currently home to Cleveland Institute of Art. |
| G | Columbus Branch Assembly Plant[27] | Columbus, OH | U.S. | Operated from 1914 – 1932 | 427 Cleveland Avenue | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Assembly ended March 1932. Factory closed 1939. Was the Kroger Co. Columbus Bakery until February 2019. |
| JE (JK) | Commodore Point | Jacksonville, Florida | U.S. | Produced from 1924 to 1932. Closed (1968) | 1900 Wambolt Street. At the Foot of Wambolt St. on the St. John's River next to the Mathews Bridge. | Ford Model T, Ford Model A cars and trucks, 1932 Ford | 1924–1932, production years. Parts warehouse until 1968. Planned to be demolished in 2023. |
| DS/DL/D | Dallas Branch Assembly Plant | Dallas, TX | U.S. | Operated from 1914 to 1970 | 2700 Canton St then moved in 1925 to 5200 E. Grand Ave. near Fair Park | Ford Model T Ford Model A 1932 Ford Ford Model 48 1937 Ford 1941 Ford Ford GPW 1949 Ford 1952 Ford 1955 Ford 1957 Ford Ford F-Series |
Assembly stopped February 1933 but resumed in 1934. Ford continued to use 2700 Canton St. for display and storage until 1939. In 1942, sold to Peaslee-Gaulbert Corporation, which had already been using the building since 1939. Sold to Adam Hats in 1959. Redeveloped in 1997 into Adam Hats Lofts, a loft-style apartment complex. 5200 E. Grand Ave. is now a warehouse. |
| T | Danforth Avenue Assembly | Toronto, Ontario | Canada | Sold (1946) | 2951-2991 Danforth Ave. | Ford Model T Ford Model A and other cars |
Replaced by Oakville Assembly. Sold to Nash Motors in 1946 which then merged with Hudson Motor Car Company to form American Motors Corporation, which then used the plant until it was closed in 1957. Converted to a mall in 1962, Shoppers World Danforth. The main building of the mall ( now a Lowe's) is still the original structure of the factory. |
| DR | Denver Branch Assembly Plant | Denver, CO | U.S. | Operated from 1914 to 1933 | 900 South Broadway | Ford Model T, Ford Model TT, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Sold to Gates Rubber Co. in 1945. Gates sold the building in 1995. Now used as office space. Partly used as a data center by Hosting.com, now known as Ntirety, from 2009. |
| DM | Des Moines Assembly Plant | Des Moines, IA | U.S. | Operated from April 1920–December 1932 | 1800 Grand Avenue | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Sold in 1943. Renovated in the 1980s into Des Moines School District's technical high school and central campus. |
| Dothan Branch Assembly Plant | Dothan, AL | U.S. | 1923–1927? | 193 South Saint Andrews Street and corner of E. Crawford Street | Ford Model T | Later became an auto dealership called Malone Motor Company and was St. Andrews Market, an indoor market and event space, from 2013-2015 until a partial roof collapse during a severe storm. Since 2020, being redeveloped into an apartment complex. The curved assembly line anchored into the ceiling is still intact and is being left there. Sometimes called the Ford Malone Building. | |
| Dupont St Branch Assembly Plant | Toronto, ON | Canada | Operated from 1915 to 1925 | 672 Dupont St | Ford Model T | Production moved to Danforth Assembly Plant. Building roof was used as a test track for the Model T. Used by several food processing companies. Became Planters Peanuts Canada from 1948 till 1987. The building currently is used for commercial and retail space. Included on the Inventory of Heritage Properties. | |
| E/EG/E | Edgewater Assembly | Edgewater, New Jersey | U.S. | Operated from 1930 to 1955 | 309 River Road | Ford Model A 1932 Ford Ford Model 48 1937 Ford 1941 Ford Ford GPW 1949 Ford 1952 Ford 1955 Ford Ford F-Series |
Replaced with the Mahwah Assembly Plant. Added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 15, 1983. The building was torn down in 2006 and replaced with a residential development. |
| Fargo Branch Assembly Plant | Fargo, ND | U.S. | Operated from 1915 to 1917 | 505 N. Broadway | Ford Model T | After assembly ended, Ford used it as a sales office, sales and service branch, and a parts depot. Ford sold the building in 1956. Now called the Ford Building, a mixed commercial/residential property. | |
| Fort Worth Assembly Plant | Fort Worth, TX | U.S. | Operated for about 6 months around 1916 | Ford Model T | Briefly supplemented Dallas plant but production was then reconsolidated into the Dallas plant and Fort Worth plant was closed. | ||
| H | Houston Branch Assembly Plant | Houston, TX | U.S. | Operated from 1914 to 1932 | 3906 Harrisburg Boulevard | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, aircraft parts during WWII | Divested during World War II; later acquired by General Foods in 1946 (later the Houston facility for Maxwell House) until 2006 when the plant was sold to Maximus and rebranded as the Atlantic Coffee Solutions facility. Atlantic Coffee Solutions shut down the plant in 2018 when they went out of business. Leased by Elemental Processing in 2019 for hemp processing with plans to begin operations in 2020. |
| I | Indianapolis Branch Assembly Plant | Indianapolis, IN | U.S. | 1914–1932 | 1315 East Washington Street | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Vehicle production ended in December 1932. Used as a Ford parts service and automotive sales branch and for administrative purposes until 1942. Sold in 1942. |
| KC/K | Kansas City Assembly | Kansas City, Missouri | U.S. | 1912–1956 | Original location from 1912 to 1956 at 1025 Winchester Avenue & corner of E. 12th Street | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford, 1941 Ford, 1949 Ford, 1952 Ford, 1955 Ford, 1957 Ford, Ford F-Series | First Ford factory in the USA built outside the Detroit area. Location of first UAW strike against Ford and where the 20 millionth Ford vehicle was assembled. Last vehicle produced was a 1957 Ford Fairlane Custom 300 on December 28, 1956. 2,337,863 vehicles were produced at the Winchester Ave. plant. Replaced by Claycomo plant in 1957. |
| KY | Kearny Assembly | Kearny, New Jersey | U.S. | Operated from 1918 to 1930 | 135 Central Ave., corner of Ford Lane | Ford Model T, Ford Model A | Replaced by the Edgewater Assembly Plant. |
| Long Island City Branch Assembly Plant | Long Island City, Queens, NY | U.S. | Operated from 1912 to 1917 | 564 Jackson Ave. (now known as 33-00 Northern Boulevard) and corner of Honeywell St. | Ford Model T | Replaced by the Kearny Assembly Plant. Plant taken over by U.S. Government. Later occupied by E.R. Squibb & Son. Now called The Center Building. | |
| LE/LU/U | Louisville Branch Assembly Plant | Louisville, Kentucky | U.S. | 1913–1916, 1916–1925, 1925–1955, 1955–present | 931 South Third Street then 2400 South Third Street then 1400 Southwestern Parkway then 2000 Fern Valley Rd. |
Original location opened in 1913. Ford then moved in 1916 and again in 1925. First 2 plants made the Ford Model T. The third plant made the Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford, 1941 Ford, 1949 Ford, 1952 Ford, Ford F-Series as well as Jeeps (Ford GPW), military trucks, and V8 engines during World War II. Current location at 2000 Fern Valley Rd. first opened in 1955. The South Third Street location was sold to Reynolds Metals Company and has since been converted into residential space called Reynolds Lofts under lease from current owner, University of Louisville. | |
| MEM/MP/M | Memphis Branch Assembly Plant | Memphis, TN | U.S. | Operated from 1913-June 1958 | 495 Union Ave. (1913–1924) then 1429 Riverside Blvd. and South Parkway West (1924–1933, 1935–1958) | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford, 1941 Ford, 1949 Ford, 1952 Ford, 1955 Ford, 1957 Ford, Ford F-Series | Both plants have been demolished. |
| Milwaukee Branch Assembly Plant | Milwaukee, WI | U.S. | Operated from 1916 to 1932 | 2185 N. Prospect Ave. | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Building is still standing as a mixed use development. | |
| TC/SP | Minneapolis Branch Assembly Plant | Minneapolis, MN and St. Paul, MN | U.S. | Operated from 1912 to 2011 | 616 S. Third St in Minneapolis (1912-1914) then 420 N. Fifth St. in Minneapolis (1914-1925) and 117 University Ave. West in St. Paul (1914-1920) | Ford Ranger Mazda B-Series |
420 N. Fifth St. is now called Ford Center, an office building. Was the tallest automotive assembly plant at 10 stories. University Ave. plant in St. Paul is now called the Ford Building. After production ended, was used as a Ford sales and service center, an auto mechanics school, a warehouse, and Federal government offices. Bought by the State of Minnesota in 1952 and used by the state government until 2004. |
| M | Montreal Assembly Plant | Montreal, QC | Canada | 119-139 Laurier Avenue East | |||
| NO | New Orleans | Arabi, Louisiana | U.S. | Operated from 1923–December 1932 | 7200 North Peters Street, Arabi, St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana | Ford Model T, Ford Model TT, Ford Model A | Later used by Ford as a parts and vehicle dist. center. Used by the US Army as a warehouse during WWII. After the war, was used as a parts and vehicle dist. center by a Ford dealer, Capital City Ford of Baton Rouge. Used by Southern Service Co. to prepare Toyotas and Mazdas prior to their delivery into Midwestern markets from 1971 to 1977. Became a freight storage facility for items like coffee, twine, rubber, hardwood, burlap and cotton from 1977 to 2005. Flooded during Hurricane Katrina. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018. |
| OC | Oklahoma City Branch Assembly Plant | Oklahoma City, OK | U.S. | Operated from 1916 to 1932 | 900 West Main St. | Ford Model T Ford Model A 1932 Ford |
Had extensive access to rail via the Rock Island railroad. Production ended with the 1932 models. The plant was converted to a Ford Regional Parts Depot (1 of 3 designated “slow-moving parts branches") and remained so until 1967, when the plant closed, and was then sold in 1968 to The Fred Jones Companies, an authorized re-manufacturer of Ford and later on, also GM Parts. It remained the headquarters for operations of Fred Jones Enterprises (a subsidiary of The Fred Jones Companies) until Hall Capital, the parent of The Fred Jones Companies, entered into a partnership with 21c Hotels to open a location in the building. The 21c Museum Hotel officially opened its hotel, restaurant and art museum in June, 2016 following an extensive remodel of the property. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. |
| Omaha Ford Motor Company Assembly Plant | Omaha, NE | U.S. | Operated from 1916 to 1932 | 1502-24 Cuming St. | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Used as a warehouse by Western Electric Company from 1956 to 1959. It was then vacant until 1963, when it was used for manufacturing hair accessories and other plastic goods by Tip Top Plastic Products from 1963 to 1986. After being vacant again for several years, it was then used by Good and More Enterprises, a tire warehouse and retail outlet. After another period of vacancy, it was redeveloped into Tip Top Apartments, a mixed-use building with office space on the first floor and loft-style apartments on the upper levels which opened in 2005. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. | |
| CR/CS/C | Philadelphia Branch Assembly Plant (Chester Assembly) | Philadelphia, PA Chester, Pennsylvania |
U.S. | Operated from 1914 to 1961 | Philadelphia: 2700 N. Broad St., corner of W. Lehigh Ave. (November 1914-June 1927) then in Chester: Front Street from Fulton to Pennell streets along the Delaware River (800 W. Front St.) (March 1928-February 1961) | Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford, 1941 Ford, Ford GPW, 1949 Ford, 1952 Ford, 1955 Ford, 1957 Ford, Ford F-Series (first generation), Ford F-Series (second generation), Ford F-Series (third generation) | November 1914-June 1927 in Philadelphia then March 1928-February 1961 in Chester. Broad St. plant made equipment for US Army in WWI including helmets and machine gun trucks. Sold in 1927. Later used as a Sears warehouse and then to manufacture men's clothing by Joseph H. Cohen & Sons, which later took over Botany 500, whose suits were then also made at Broad St., giving rise to the nickname, Botany 500 Building. Cohen & Sons sold the building in 1989 which seems to be empty now. Chester plant also handled exporting to overseas plants. |
| P | Pittsburgh Branch Assembly Plant | Pittsburgh, PA | U.S. | Operated from 1915 to 1932 | 5000 Baum Blvd and Morewood Ave. | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Became a Ford sales, parts, and service branch until Ford sold the building in 1953. The building then went through a variety of light industrial uses before being purchased by the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) in 2006. It was subsequently purchased by the University of Pittsburgh in 2018 to house the UPMC Immune Transplant and Therapy Center, a collaboration between the university and UPMC. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018. |
| PO | Portland Branch Assembly Plant | Portland, OR | U.S. | Operated 1914–1917, 1923–1932 | 2505 SE 11th Avenue | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Called the Ford Building and is occupied by various businesses. . |
| SFA/SFAA (San Francisco) RH/R (Richmond) R (San Jose) |
San Francisco Branch Assembly Plant Richmond Plant San Jose Assembly Plant |
San Francisco, CA Richmond, California Milpitas, California |
U.S. | 1914-1983 | 2905 21st Street and Harrison St. (San Francisco) then 1414 Harbour Way S (at Richmond, CA) then near S. Main near Montague Expressway (at Milpitas) | San Francisco Plant (1914-1931): Ford Model T Richmond Plant (1931-1955): Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford, 1941 Ford, Ford GPW, Ford F-Series, 1949 Ford, 1952 Ford, 1955 Ford San Jose Assembly (1955-1983): Ford F-Series, Edsel Pacer, Edsel Ranger, Ford Pinto, Mercury Bobcat, Ford Escort, Ford EXP, Mercury Lynx, Mercury LN7, Ford Falcon, Ford Maverick, Mercury Comet, Ford Fairlane, Ford Torino, Mercury Montego, Ford Mustang, Mercury Cougar, & Mercury Capri. |
San Francisco Plant was demolished after the 1989 earthquake. Richmond was one of the first 2 Ford plants to build the F-Series, beginning November 27, 1947 (other was Highland Park, Michigan). Richmond location is now part of Rosie the Riveter National Historical Park, Milpitas is now Great Mall of the Bay Area. |
| SR/S | Somerville Assembly | Somerville, Massachusetts | U.S. | Operated from 1926 to 1958 | 183 Middlesex Ave. | Ford Model T Ford Model A 1932 Ford 1941 Ford 1949 Ford 1952 Ford 1955 Ford Ford F-Series Built Edsel Corsair & Edsel Citation July–October 1957, Built Fords November 1957 – March 1958 |
The only Edsel-only assembly line. Operations moved to Lorain, OH. Converted to Assembly Square Mall in 1980 |
| AS | Seattle Branch Assembly Plant #1 | South Lake Union, Seattle, WA | U.S. | Operated from 1914 to 1932 | 1155 Valley Street & corner of 700 Fairview Ave. N. | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford | Now a Public Storage site. |
| AS | Seattle Branch Assembly Plant #2 | Georgetown, Seattle, WA | U.S. | Operated from May 1932–December 1932 | 4730 East Marginal Way | 1932 Ford | Still a Ford sales and service site through 1941. As early as 1940, the U.S. Army occupied a portion of the facility which had become known as the "Seattle General Depot". Sold to US Government in 1942 for WWII-related use. Used as a staging site for supplies headed for the Pacific Front. The U.S. Army continued to occupy the facility until 1956. In 1956, the U.S. Air Force acquired control of the property and leased the facility to the Boeing Company. A year later, in 1957, the Boeing Company purchased the property. Known as the Boeing Airplane Company Missile Production Center, the facility provided support functions for several aerospace and defense related development programs, including the organizational and management facilities for the Minuteman-1 missile program, deployed in 1960, and the Minuteman-II missile program, deployed in 1969. These nuclear missile systems, featuring solid rocket boosters (providing faster lift-offs) and the first digital flight computer, were developed in response to the Cold War between the U.S. and the Soviet Union in the 1960s and 1970s. The Boeing Aerospace Group also used the former Ford plant for several other development and manufacturing uses, such as developing aspects of the Lunar Orbiter Program, producing unstaffed spacecraft to photograph the moon in 1966–1967, the BOMARC defensive missile system, and hydrofoil boats. After 1970, Boeing phased out its operations at the former Ford plant, moving them to the Boeing Space Center in the city of Kent and the company's other Seattle plant complex. Owned by the General Services Administration since 1973, it's known as the "Federal Center South Complex", housing various government offices. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013. |
| STL/SL | St. Louis Branch Assembly Plant | St. Louis, MO | U.S. | 1914-1942 | 4100 Forest Park Ave. | ||
| V | Vancouver Assembly Plant | Vancouver, BC | Canada | Operated from 1920 to 1938 | 1188 Hamilton St | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford | Production moved to Burnaby plant in 1938. Still standing; used as commercial space. |
| W | Winnipeg Assembly Plant | Winnipeg, MB | Canada | Operated from 1915 to 1941 | 1181 Portage Avenue (corner of Wall St.) | Ford Model T, Ford Model A, 1932 Ford, Ford Model 48, 1937 Ford, 1941 Ford, military trucks | Bought by Manitoba provincial government in 1942. Became Manitoba Technical Institute. Now known as the Robert Fletcher Building |
See also
References
- ↑ Ford, Henry; Crowther, Samuel (1922). My Life and Work. Garden City Publishing. pp. 81, 167. Retrieved 2010-06-08.
Ford 1922 My Life and Work
- 1 2 Grzelewski, Jordyn; Beggin, Riley (September 27, 2021). "Ford, partner to spend $11.4B on four new plants in Tennessee, Kentucky to support EVs". The Detroit News. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
- ↑ "Porsche breaks ground in Hapeville on new North American HQ". CBS Atlanta.
- ↑ "Ford Australia to close Broadmeadows and Geelong plants, 1,200 jobs to go". abc.net.au. Retrieved 25 May 2013.
- 1 2 3 "Ford Advances South America Restructuring; Will Cease Manufacturing in Brazil, Serve Customers With New Lineup | Ford Media Center". media.ford.com. 11 January 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
- ↑ "Rui diz que negociação para atrair nova montadora de veículos para Camaçari está avançada". destaque1.com. 24 May 2022. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
- ↑ U, Juan Ignacio Alamos (2011-12-06). "AUTOS CHILENOS: PLANTA FORD CASABLANCA (1971)". AUTOS CHILENOS. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
- ↑ "Reuters Archive Licensing". Reuters Archive Licensing. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
- ↑ Trowbridge, Alexander B. (February 1968). Overseas Business Reports, US Department of Commerce (OBR 68-3 ed.). Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office. p. 18.
- 1 2 "EyN: Henry Ford II regresa a Chile". www.economiaynegocios.cl. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
- 1 2 3 "Ford to stop making cars in India". Reuters. 2021-09-09. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
- ↑ "Ford foundry in Brook Park to close after 58 years of service". Cleveland.com. 23 October 2010. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
- ↑ "Ford begins plans to demolish shuttered Cleveland Casting Plant". Cleveland Business. 27 June 2011. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
- ↑ "The history of Ford in Ireland". Ford. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
- 1 2 "End of an era". BBC News. Retrieved 26 October 2012.
- ↑ "Ford to Assemble Cars In Big New Plant in Peru". The New York Times. 1964-07-28. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
- ↑ "Ford del Perú". Archivo de autos (in Spanish). 2017-06-22. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
- 1 2 S.A.P, El Mercurio (2020-04-15). "Infografía: Conoce la historia de la otrora productiva industria automotriz chilena | Emol.com". Emol (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-11-05.
- ↑ "History of Ford Motor Company, S.A. de C.V. – FundingUniverse". www.fundinguniverse.com.
- ↑ "News". www.at.ford.com.
- ↑ U, Juan Ignacio Alamos (2013-04-10). "AUTOS CHILENOS: PLANTA FORD CALLE EXPOSICIÓN (1924 - c.1962)". AUTOS CHILENOS. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
- ↑ "Ford to close oldest Brazil plant, exit South America truck biz". Reuters. 2019-02-20. Retrieved 2019-03-07.
- ↑ "Markets". The Globe and Mail.
- ↑ "Ford sold Factory in Taubaté to Buildings Development Constructor" (in Portuguese). 2022-05-18. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
- ↑ "From Model Ts to missiles to Millennials, new lives for old factory | UNC Charlotte Urban Institute". ui.uncc.edu.
- ↑ Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. OH-11-E, "Ford Motor Company, Cleveland Branch Assembly Plant, Euclid Avenue & East 116th Street, Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH", 6 photos, 10 data pages, 1 photo caption page
- ↑ "Ford Motor Company – Columbus Plant (Photo and History)", Columbus Metropolitan Library Digital Collections
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