GNAL

GNAL
Identifiers
Aliases	GNAL, DYT25, G protein subunit alpha L, HG1O
External IDs	OMIM: 139312 MGI: 95774 HomoloGene: 68222 GeneCards: GNAL
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 18 (human)
End	11,885,685 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 18 (mouse)
End	67,359,863 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	external globus pallidus; ; middle temporal gyrus; ; nucleus accumbens; ; entorhinal cortex; ; pons; ; superior vestibular nucleus; ; putamen; ; caudate nucleus; ; seminal vesicula; ; parietal lobe;
	Top expressed in
	olfactory tubercle; ; olfactory epithelium; ; nucleus accumbens; ; globus pallidus; ; medial dorsal nucleus; ; medial geniculate nucleus; ; superior frontal gyrus; ; lateral geniculate nucleus; ; medial vestibular nucleus; ; habenula;
	More reference expression data
	; ; ; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	guanyl nucleotide binding; nucleotide binding; GTP binding; metal ion binding; G protein-coupled receptor binding; GTPase activity; signal transducer activity; G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding;
Cellular component	plasma membrane; extracellular exosome; heterotrimeric G-protein complex;
Biological process	sensory perception of smell; adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway; adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; signal transduction; activation of adenylate cyclase activity; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2774
	14680
	ENSG00000141404
	ENSMUSG00000024524
	P38405
	Q8CGK7
NM_001142339; NM_001261443; NM_001261444; NM_002071; NM_182978;
	NM_001369387
	NM_010307; NM_177137
	NP_001135811; NP_001248372; NP_001248373; NP_892023; NP_001356316
	NP_034437; NP_796111
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNAL gene.^[5]^[6] Its main product is the heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunit G_olf-α, a member of the Gs alpha subunit family that is a key component of G protein-coupled receptor-regulated adenylyl cyclase signal transduction pathways in the olfactory system and the striatum in the brain. It also mediated D1 receptor signalling in the striatum and is hence involved in motor control.^[7]

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000141404 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024524 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Wilkie TM, Gilbert DJ, Olsen AS, Chen XN, Amatruda TT, Korenberg JR, Trask BJ, de Jong P, Reed RR, Simon MI, et al. (Jun 1993). "Evolution of the mammalian G protein alpha subunit multigene family". Nat Genet. 1 (2): 85–91. doi:10.1038/ng0592-85. PMID 1302014. S2CID 31888533.
↑ "Entrez Gene: GNAL guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha activating activity polypeptide, olfactory type".
↑ Zhuang X, Belluscio L, Hen R (15 August 2000). "G_OLFα Mediates Dopamine D 1 Receptor Signaling". The Journal of Neuroscience. 20 (16): RC91. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-16-j0001.2000. PMC 6772608. PMID 10924528.

Zigman JM, Westermark GT, LaMendola J, et al. (1994). "Human G(olf) alpha: complementary deoxyribonucleic acid structure and expression in pancreatic islets and other tissues outside the olfactory neuroepithelium and central nervous system". Endocrinology. 133 (6): 2508–14. doi:10.1210/endo.133.6.8243272. PMID 8243272.
Astesano A, Regnauld K, Ferrand N, et al. (1999). "Cellular and subcellular expression of Golf/Gs and Gq/G11 alpha-subunits in rat pancreatic endocrine cells". J. Histochem. Cytochem. 47 (3): 289–302. doi:10.1177/002215549904700303. PMID 10026232.
Vuoristo JT, Berrettini WH, Overhauser J, et al. (2001). "Sequence and genomic organization of the human G-protein Golfalpha gene (GNAL) on chromosome 18p11, a susceptibility region for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia". Mol. Psychiatry. 5 (5): 495–501. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000758. PMID 11032382. S2CID 23116111.
Zill P, Engel R, Baghai TC, et al. (2002). "Analysis of polymorphisms in the olfactory G-protein Golf in major depression". Psychiatr. Genet. 12 (1): 17–22. doi:10.1097/00041444-200203000-00002. PMID 11901355. S2CID 22757545.
Régnauld K, Nguyen QD, Vakaet L, et al. (2002). "G-protein alpha(olf) subunit promotes cellular invasion, survival, and neuroendocrine differentiation in digestive and urogenital epithelial cells". Oncogene. 21 (25): 4020–31. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205498. PMID 12037684. S2CID 23730354.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Zill P, Malitas PN, Bondy B, et al. (2004). "Analysis of polymorphisms in the alpha-subunit of the olfactory G-protein Golf in lithium-treated bipolar patients". Psychiatr. Genet. 13 (2): 65–9. doi:10.1097/01.ypg.0000057881.80011.45. PMID 12782961. S2CID 20253173.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
Corradi JP, Ravyn V, Robbins AK, et al. (2005). "Alternative transcripts and evidence of imprinting of GNAL on 18p11.2". Mol. Psychiatry. 10 (11): 1017–25. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001713. PMID 16044173. S2CID 19513069.
Ravyn V, Bostwick JR (2006). "Functional coupling of the Galpha(olf) variant XLGalpha(olf) with the human adenosine A2A receptor". J. Recept. Signal Transduct. Res. 26 (4): 241–58. doi:10.1080/10799890600710592. PMID 16818375. S2CID 27231567.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000141404 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024524 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid1302014-5] Wilkie TM, Gilbert DJ, Olsen AS, Chen XN, Amatruda TT, Korenberg JR, Trask BJ, de Jong P, Reed RR, Simon MI, et al. (Jun 1993). "Evolution of the mammalian G protein alpha subunit multigene family". Nat Genet. 1 (2): 85–91. doi:10.1038/ng0592-85. PMID 1302014. S2CID 31888533.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: GNAL guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha activating activity polypeptide, olfactory type".

[7] Zhuang X, Belluscio L, Hen R (15 August 2000). "G_OLFα Mediates Dopamine D 1 Receptor Signaling". The Journal of Neuroscience. 20 (16): RC91. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-16-j0001.2000. PMC 6772608. PMID 10924528.

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See also

References

Further reading