George L. Trayser
Born1808
Grand Duchy of Hesse
Died1881
67 N. Washington Street
Richmond, Indiana, United States
NationalityAmerican
SpouseHenriette Koerner
Parent(s)Johanna Philipp and Catherine Margaretha Dickerhoff Trayser
Signature

George L. Trayser (1808 – 1881) was a Grand Duchy of Hesse-born American piano maker. He emigrated to the United States in 1849, and made pianos in Indianapolis and Richmond, Indiana. His pianos—due to their high quality and rich, resonant tone and responsive action—had a reputation as instruments suitable for school and concert work.

Early life (1808–1865)

Trayser was born in 1808 in Hesse-Darmstadt, Prussia which later became Darmstadt, Germany. Trayser apprenticed in piano making in German piano factories near Darmstadt. He married in Germany, and two sons were born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland: Frederick L. was born in 1840 and Paul was born in 1842. Trayser owned a piano company in Switzerland.

The family emigrated to the United States in 1849 and settled initially in Newport, Kentucky.[1] Trayser started a small factory in Covington, Kentucky (Traeyser & Co.), and had Morse & Guernsey as consignment agents in Louisville, Kentucky in 1851.[1] Trayser was granted his first patent for an upright piano in Cincinnati in 1853.[2] Trayser traded in and repaired pianos.[3] At some point the spelling of the original family surname of "Traeyser" was changed to "Trayser", likely at the time of naturalization if not earlier.

His younger brother Phillip, who lived in Baltimore, signed a guarantee for $1,000 in October 1853.[4] Trayser struggled financially and was insolvent 1854-1856. There were lawsuits about his debts until 1862.[1] John A. Skiff was a sales agent for Skiff & Trayser pianos in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1854.[1] In 1857, the Covington, Kentucky factory was destroyed in a fire, and Trayser moved to Louisville, Kentucky.[1]

In 1858, Trayser was a witness in an extensive church dispute in Louisville, Kentucky.[1] It was apparent that customers took advantage of Trayser, especially in written contracts, because Trayser did not yet read English. He was competent to hear and speak English in the trial.

Trayser moved to Indianapolis in 1859. He paid a manufacturing license tax to the state of Indiana in May 1864 in Indianapolis.[5] He also partnered with Col. William J. H. Robinson to form Trayser, Robinson & Co. in 1865.

Building pianos (1865–1876)

Patent 169386 by Trayser, 1875
Frame of a Trayser piano

His pianos—due to their high quality and rich, resonant tone and responsive action—had a reputation as instruments suitable for school and concert work.[6]

Trayser moved the family to Maysville, Kentucky in 1865 and founded the Trayser Piano Forte Co. M. J. Chase was the President and General Manager, and G. Bambach, Jr. was Secretary. George Trayser made and supervised construction of the pianos. Trayser also sold his pianos in Ripley, Ohio until 1871.[7]

Trayser moved his family to Richmond, Indiana in 1865 except for his son Frederick, who lived most of his life in Maysville, Kentucky. George L. Trayser became a naturalized US citizen in 1866. Trayser was granted another patent for upright piano in Indianapolis in 1867 and[8] established the Trayser Piano Company in 1869 in Richmond, Indiana.

In 1872 the Starr Piano Company was founded as the Trayser Piano Company, co-founded by James Starr. In 1878, Benjamin Starr joined his brother James and the company was reorganized as the Chase Piano Company. They bought land in Richmond, Indiana in 1884 and constructed the buildings, renaming the business Starr Piano Company in 1893.[9] In 1873 Frederick was granted a patent for piano action in Maysville. He was listed in the Maysville city directory in 1876.[10] In 1875 George Trayser was granted another piano patent in Richmond.[11] In 1876 the family resided at 43 N. Pearl, while the Trayser Piano Company was at 145 N. 5th.[12] In a blind vote contest in Cincinnati on 10 June 1876, there were 73 votes for Trayser and 43 for Steinway.[13] In a blind vote contest at Lyceum Hall in Richmond on 8 September 1876, the vote was 120 for Trayser and 70 for Steinway.[14]

Growing the companies (1876–1881)

In October 1876 the Trayser Piano Company had rooms in Lyceum Hall for offices and warerooms, sharing those rooms with Hoosier Organ Co. and Professor Rhu, music teacher.[15] In October 1876 construction began on a new piano factory. It was 80' x 125' and 3.5 stories built in the location of the old woolen mills.[16] In September 1877 the Valley Gem of Ripley, Ohio merged into Trayser Piano Company (including M. J. Chase and 16 workmen).[17] The Trayser Piano Company made the Trayser upright, the Valley Gem Scale and the Chase Square Grand.

November 1877 marked the opening of the Trayser-Chase ware rooms at Main and Pearl in Richmond.[18] George Trayser withdrew from making pianos in 1878 at age 70. In 1878 the family resided at 85 S. 6th,[19] while in 1879 the family resided at 45 N. Washington.[20] His son Paul started the Richmond Piano Company in 1879.

Successors (1878–1950)

In 1878 the Trayser Piano Company was subsumed into the Chase Piano Company in Richmond. In 1884 the Chase Piano Company became the James M Starr & Company and by 1893 all the above companies merged into the Starr Piano Company.[21] This company continued making pianos in Richmond until the 1950s.

Military service

Paul Trayser served in the Civil War as a bugler in a Kentucky regiment.

Death and legacy

George Trayser died in 1881 in Richmond, Indiana, at the age of 73. Trayser is best known for making pianos.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ford, Samuel Howard (1859). "Louisville Church Dispute".
  2. ↑ U.S. Government Patent Office, patent 9640, 29 March 1853
  3. ↑ "Second-Hand Pianos". The Cincinnati Daily Star. Cincinnati, Ohio. 27 August 1875. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  4. ↑ Baltimore Sun, 24 January 1864
  5. ↑ Indiana Tax Rolls, May 1864
  6. ↑ "Trayser Pianos". The Big Sandy News. Louisville, Kentucky. 14 August 1914. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  7. ↑ Richmond Palladium-Item, 11 February 1991, p. A7
  8. ↑ U.S. Government Patent Office, patent 66653, 9 Jul 1867
  9. ↑ Archivegrid Starr Piano Company collection 1872-1919.
  10. ↑ Maysville City Directory, 1876
  11. ↑ U.S. Government Patent Office, patent 169386, 2 Nov 1875
  12. ↑ Richmond City Directory, 1876
  13. ↑ Cincinnati Daily Times, 10 June 1876
  14. ↑ Richmond Telegram, 8 September 1876
  15. ↑ Richmond Telegram, 6 October 1876
  16. ↑ Richmond Telegram, 27 October 1876
  17. ↑ Richmond Telegram, 21 September 1877
  18. ↑ Richmond Palladium, 16 November 1877
  19. ↑ Richmond City Directory, 1878
  20. ↑ Richmond City Directory, 1879
  21. ↑ Richmond Item, 15 November 1925
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